Aleksey Kruchenyh: Biography, nhetembo

The inosuruvarisa mugumo Nyanduri Alexei Kruchenykh akararama upenyu refu, asi kuti uyu ndiye mutambo. Ane makore anodarika 30, akamanikidzwa kurarama upenyu anovengwa murume ari mumugwagwa. Bright nguva hwake hwaiva hupfupi, asi zvikuru inopenya, zvakavhenekerwa shasha.

Family uye Childhood

Akaberekwa Alexei Kruchenykh February 21, 1886 mumusha Oliwa Kherson mupurovhinzi mumhuri nyore. baba vake vakauya kubva murimi mudiki nechekumashure, yakatanga vachishanyira coachman pamusoro wemunda, uye makore 8, remangwana Futurist vaigara mumusha muduku nedzimba 30, uye ipapo baba vangu vakasarudza kutengesa imba mumusha uye akava mberi mutyairi muna Kherson, saka kuti pauduku Nadya akapedza muguta rino . Pano Kruchenykh sekondari mumakirasi matatu, uye muna 1902 akapinda gore iri Odessa Art College. Saka kupera yakanyarara youduku vakomana. Kusarudza nzvimbo yokudzidza kwakaitika pasi simba zvaiitwa mukuru mukoma wake, uyo akanga ane tarenda rimwe rokupenda.

youth vanopandukira

Odessa College mumazuva iwayo zvakanakisisa unyanzvi zvikoro yeRussian Empire. Aleksey Kruchenyh akasvika kujeka tariro kuti chinhu inopenya nokuvhenekera, uye atarisana basa rakaoma, kudzidza zvinokosha kuvakwa mufananidzo uye sezvamunoita. The chikoro akadzidzisa realism uye muchizvikudza iri Kruchenykh akanyora basa rake rokutanga, izvo zvakasiyana kufanana ne hunhu, uye akapupura pamberi zvinoyevedza tarenda, asi ane vanoda munyori haana abatwa okugadzira zvinhu izvi. Panguva ino mune Odessa aiva upenyu dzakaoma: zvakawanda zvinonakidza, vanoshingaira uye siyana ezvematongerwo enyika, zvose izvi kufarira Alexis. Aiitawo basa Marxist denderedzwa uye kunyange kamwe vakasungwawo aine mabhuku, panguva imwe chete yakaitwa Kruchenykh kunyatsoziva Davidom Burlyukom, remangwana akatanga Russian Futurism.

chokutanga kufona

Muna 1907 Kruchenyh Aleksey ndina chitupa kuti chikoro uye vakaenda Kherson kuva unyanzvi mudzidzisi. Asi iye kuzova freelance yokudhirowa, saka basa akapinda irregularly uye mugore iroro nyaya fomu kubvuma kuti Moscow School of Painting. Uye, pasinei nokuti chikoro chake haana kugamuchira, mumatsutso 1907 akaenda kuMoscow pamwe nechido chakasimba kuva emhizha.

MuMoscow, iye anowana dzakawanda navo vari romubati kwezvakatipoteredza, iye anotanga kushanda magazini "Alarm" uye "Spring", mu "pepanhau iri Moscow" sechinhu illustrator uye caricaturist. Akava nomukurumbira somunhu cartoonist, uye kunyange akasika dzakatevedzana mabasa "All Moscow mu cartoons" basa ne makuru rokubudisa imba imwe. Iye zvikuru zvinobudirira aidaro okugadzira zvinhu, Unokunda chikoro chake zvedzidzo, iye anowana ndeake, asi yake hope - kirasi mabhuku. Kruchenykh paChikoro nguva nenguva kwemasimba pakati Art Society of Moscow vemifananidzo vari kuratidza "The Impressionists". It chikamu mudenderedzwa Russian chains-garde, akasangana Elena Guro, Mihailom Matyushinym, Vasiliem Kamenskim.

mabhuku rakapihwa

Kruchenykh Alex Eliseevich mabhuku basa kunotanga dzinonetsa nyaya, bhuku ongororo, satirical nhetembo. Anofunga kuti mabhuku - ndiwo basa rayo chikuru muupenyu. Muna 1912, iye akasangana Vladimir Mayakovsky uye Velimir Khlebnikov, uyo akabatsira kuumba chokupedzisira akanaka Kruchenykh uyo akaona pachake sezvo musiki nhetembo itsva. Anonyora nyaya pfupi uye wongororo zviri chaizvo zvakasiyana mumagadzirirwo kubva dzakapoteredza mabhuku chokwadi, umo iye anoedza kutaura pfungwa declarative nezveramangwana kwenzanga uye unyanzvi.

Aleksey Kruchenyh uye Russian chains-garde

Aleksey Kruchenyh, ane Biography kubva 1910s yakabatana chains-garde kufamba mune, akazova nhengo inoshingaira huru dzakawanda mifananidzo hwaiitwa Moscow. Muna 1911, iye akasangana Benedict Livshits, uyo pamwe chete nehama dzake Burliuk uye Alekseem Kruchenyh pashure mutsai futuristic vanhu "budetliane". Panguva iyi, chains-garde huri kuwedzera munyika, pane zvikwata siyana uye mapoka, iyo inokurudzira kukura unyanzvi hutsva.

All pfungwa idzi dzakakurumbira zvikuru Alex, iye collaborates nemapoka akawanda uye zvinobatanidzwa nokubudiswa anoverengeka anthologies ose futurists, "Zadhoki vatongi", "Troy", "Vakafa Moon", "nembama kumeso yavose kuravira '. Kruchenykh zvakare kusunungura mabhuku avo pamwe yokungotaura nyaya uye nhetembo, uye ikaramba pano nenzira mbiri: kwete chete kuva munyori uye theorist, asi uyewo wakachenjera kwakajeka. The gore 1912 yaiva yakapfuma afunge zviitiko, dzinokanganisa munyaya boka D. Burliuk "Gilee" pamwe chete "Jack kuti Diamonds", chikamu nharo uye paruzhinji rutsigiro.

enhetembo okugadzira zvinhu

Muna 1912, Alex Kruchenykh nhetembo kuti anouya kuoneke, anotanga kushanda pamwe Velimir Khlebnikov. Panguva ino, vose nyanduri zvakakomba mubasa pakusikwa nhetembo kuti mutauro "pachake", vose vaida kuvandudza nhetembo vakwidziridzwe naye kubva zvedzidzo kubhoekana. Kruchenykh vakauya Khlebnikov inoratidza kutanga nhetembo yake, uye akatanga kuverenga, pakarepo akatanga kuvaka pamusoro mberi. Saka akaberekwa nhetembo dzavo vadyi «The Game muGehena." Gare gare, vachiri pamwe kunyora libretto nokuda Futurist dhanzi "Kukunda Sun".

Izvi zvakatanga Kruchenykh mabasa mumunda chains-garde nhetembo, akabudisa bhuku debut kuti nhetembo "Old Love", iro anoramba kuva primitivist tsika. Bhuku, kufanana nhetembo yakanga kufananidzirwa hunoshamisa Russian chains-garde Larionov uye Natalia Goncharova, anomirira nzwisa kutaura usage, uye Graphics. Kruchenykh anotanga kuedza kuti kusika musoro ndima, ndichireurura akazogadzira nheyo "Mirskontsa", iro pashure yakazadzika ari kuunganidzwa nemabasa kubudikidza Khlebnikov uye torsion zvakafanana zita.

Mumakore 1913-14 Kruchenykh kuedza ine maitiro mutsva - the mabhuku maturo, akatanga kunyora nhetembo nerurimi yake kuvamba. mabasa New dziri muunganidzwa "Lipstick". The kupfuura ihwai yaiva acho:

schyl maburi Blvd.

ubeshschur

skooma

imi muri pamwe bu

peji L ez ..

Maererano Kruchenykh, zvakanga zvakawanda wokuRussia National mweya, kupfuura yose nhetembo ose Pushkin. saka ake mabhuku kuita mberi kusvikira 1930, apo yakabudisa dzakaunganidzwa nhetembo "Ironiada".

Years pasina nhetembo

Kubvira 1930, Kruchenyh Aleksey Eliseevich vane mapikicha kazhinji kwakaonekwa muunganidzwa mabasa chains-garde, anotanga kuenda kure mabhuku. Shamwari dzake mukamusiya, akafa Mayakovsky uye Khlebnikov, Burliuk hama, kufanana nezvimwe futurists zhinji uye mazhinji Painters uye vadetembi, kusiya nyika.

Kubvira 1934, kushanda Kruchenykh akarega kubudisa, gare gare akanga amboramba kubvuma kuti Union of Writers. Zvinonzi vaiita wechipiri-ruoko uye antiikki basa, ari kugadzirira kubudisa bhuku rake navo, kunyanya Mayakovsky uye Khlebnikov. Panguva Second World War, Alexei aishanda nhau sangano "TASS Windows". Mumakore ake upenyu Kruchenykh akaunganidzawo rakasiyana nemamwe raibhurari. Hurumende Soviet haina kubvumira nyanduri kushanda, akanga kwedzimwe mabasa akasiyana. Yakanga makore 2 chete rufu asati akamubata upenyu recital chete. June 17, 1968 Alex Eliseevich Kruchenykh akafa.