Aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza enyika. Nzira aerodynamic miedzo

Aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza hurongwa chinhu chinokosha chikamu nokutumwa zvivako ano. Izvi ichokwadi zvose maererano dzinogarwa uye utility dzimba dzokugara uye private dzimba uye maindasitiri zvitoro. Miedzo yaitwa pashure kuvakwa rapera, uye vakaungana vose chivakwa kuchengeteka hurongwa. Kufefetedza hurongwa vari kuva kunzwisisa uye siyana, vakawedzera zvinodiwa kuti simba kunyatsoshanda, saka zvinokosha kuti zvakarurama uye yakarurama kugadziridzwa kuti kufefetedza enyika.

mhando kufefetedza

In zvivako uye zvakagadzirwa anoshandiswa matatu mhando kufefetedza. Nyore, kanenge nechokunze, dzinongoitika kufefetedza. Air anopinda nzvimbo uye akabvisa kwazviri nepahwindo uye musuo mawindo, kufefetedza ducts.

Zvokuimba kufefetedza - hurongwa zvinosanganisira zvitengeswa uye pedza hurongwa kuti zvinopa kumanikidzwa mhepo kuparadzirwa muimba.

Pane Misiyano kumanikidzwa kufefetedza kana inopiwa kana mhepo aibuda chete (mhepo-ndege hurongwa) kana mushoma. kufefetedza hurongwa bvisa chiutsi mhepo kubva musha. In sezvamunoita kwavo, yemanyorero zvinosanganisira ducts, izvo zvinoumba samambure kufefetedza ducts, pedza mafeni uye kufefetedza grilles.

By Zvikwepa kufefetedza uye migwagwa preheated mhepo vanogona kusvitsa kubva kunze. Ndiwo yaisanganisa kufefetedza uye mhepo kudziyisa enyika.

Two Mhando mikuru kufefetedza gadziriro anogona kubatanidzwa mune embodiments siyana, zvichienderana nezvinangwa uye zvinangwa, pova mhando wechitatu - kufefetedza mubatanidzwa.

Imhandoi kufefetedza zvakakodzera imwe kamuri, akatsunga nemagadzirirwo rwakazara, pahwaro unyanzvi uye zvoupfumi nezvavanofunga, kunobva kuchengetwa utsanana dzemunharaunda uye mitemo.

The kufefetedza Tsika yoga dzimba uye zvivako yose kunoratidzwa mana zvinhu. Zviri dzayo basa, nzvimbo basa, nzira kutamira mhepo uye mazano.

kufefetedza zvinodiwa

Chinangwa chikuru kufefetedza - kuramba indoor mhepo zvimwe zviratidzo. pamwero ichi yokuchena uye unyoro. Air makore zvinofanira kuparadzirwa zvakaenzana, uye ichi, zvakare, anofanira kukurira kufefetedza hurongwa.

Anofanira kubviswa mumba mhepo rinamakwapa carbon dioxide, guruva, utsi, vatarisane munhuhwi, uye mahuri - fresh, vakachenesa nouipi.

Air Exchange mu kufefetedza hurongwa hazvo kudzorwa.

Mukuvaka dzinogarwa, kunyanya kukosha ndiye akarurama kufefetedza mu dzekubikira, zvimbuzi uye zvimbudzi, ipapo dzekurara uye nemaruva.

In maindasitiri mafomu izvi kunokosha kana pakubata ngozi zvinhu kana mamiriro ngozi. Izvi, somuenzaniso, zvemakemikari uye simbi kugadzirwa. In dzoutano zvivako uye wemhuka mumarabhoritari, apo pangava dzakakwirira kwevari pathogenic utachiona mudenga, zvinoda nguva okuchenesa.

Kuti unhu uye anoumba dzedenga titevedzere dzemunharaunda uye inoitwa aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza.

bvunzo parameters

Munguva bvunzo cheki, chokutanga, yakarurama kukarukureta basa kuita uye abvume uchapupu. Achaongorora mhepo aibuda, hurongwa kuita, mhepo exchange.

nekuongororwa Aerodynamic kuedza kushanda kwacho michina uye ayo nezvainoita kufefetedza gadziriro, kuti chinja aibuda mhepo mairi.

Panguva bvunzo midziyo iri kumamiriro zvizere kugona zvose bhuku muzano. The ano mutengo ndiyo goho pashure nokuyerwa uye kuenzanisa kwokudzvinyirira iyo nezvechinhu chimwe kurudza ane magadzirirwo chinhu.

Kuziva chokugadza urema --siyana pedyo okunze, taita rakanyorwawo nzvimbo, rwakakwana kudzivirira vibration uye ruzha - zvakare dambudziko riri kugadziriswa aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza enyika.

Imwe ongororo yakaitwa huripo kufefetedza gadziriro anofanira kuitwa kuongorora kushanda kufefetedza enyika, kuona mhaka mhosva uye kubvisa breakage.

Documents kunovhenekwa

Kuti huwandu basa pamusoro ongororo yacho kufefetedza hurongwa inoda explication (urongwa pamwe mashoko yacho) uye kugadzwa kwakavakirwa hworusvingo, iyo chichaitwa aerodynamic nemiedzo. Uyezve, munhu schematic kufefetedza gadziriro, izvo zvinoratidza zvose matavi, nokusunungura mapfundo, midziyo uye inobatanidza mapasipoti kana zvitupa kufanana.

Kana rukasimbiswa uchishandisa kufefetedza gadziriro anoonekwa pasipoti pairi.

Independent kudzora kufefetedza nehurongwa

Mabasa kunze vashandi anokosha mumarabhoritari abvumirwa kuti kuitisa miedzo yakadaro kwemamwe maitirwo ezvinhu raanotaura GOST. nekuongororwa Aerodynamic pamusoro kufefetedza hurongwa anoitwa vanopupurirwa chepakarepo ose zvakawanda kana zvishoma rimwe guta guru.

Nyanzvi vanofanira kuziva utsanana dzemunharaunda uye mitemo pamusoro okutarisira, matunhu neminisiparati uye dzinogarwa zvivako, kufefetedza uye mhepo-kutonhodza.

Pasipoti kuti kufefetedza hurongwa anogona kuzadza sangano achiita kugadzwa kwayo. Asi pane makambani vashoma tarisa pachavo uye kubvisa zvikanganiso uye matambudziko zvinogona pasina kwokunze kumanikidzwa. Kunyanya kuti zviparare anogona kuitika panguva nokushanda chivakwa enyika kuburikidza refu nguva pashure pokupedza basa uye kuvakwa nemisha pamwe installers.

Naizvozvo, kuzvidzora kuyerwa uye advertising zvinofanira anoitwa akazvimiririra nyanzvi weboka kugamuchirwa wegadziriro, uye kwete kana uchida kuona sei hapana akazvigadzira mhepo mwero.

GOST 12.3.018-79

Nzira dzekufambisa aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza hurongwa anotsanangurwa mu mamiriro indasitiri mitemo, kubvumirwa muna 1979 muSoviet Union uye achiri kushanda.

Standard akasimbisa nzira kuti kusarudzwa yakayerwa pfungwa, uye kubudiswa pakuongororwa dzemaitirwe of kuyerwa ndakakanganisa kutsunga mhepo kuyerera mwero uye kurasikirwa ayo kumanikidzwa kana kushanda yakachengeteka.

aerodynamic yokuedzwa nzira inosanganisira vakasarudzwa zvikamu umo kuyerwa dzakaitwa. Kwakadaro chipimo nguva kunzvenga kukanganisa humboo inofanira kurongwa maererano GOST pane imwe nechokure, peta hydraulic dhayamita ari mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka chikamu kubva zvakavhara ari wokufema nzira (semuenzaniso, mavharuvhu uye arrays) uye ayo muchichinjana.

Ndeiya yakaita chikamu anogona dzinongoda munzvimbo chimbichimbi nokuchinja mugero dhayamita. Munzvimbo iyi anonzi kuva duku muchinjikwa-sectional nzvimbo panguva huro.

Equipment kunovhenekwa

GOST "Nzira aerodynamic nemiedzo» (№ 12.3. 018-79) kwete chete inopa mazita zvakakodzera midziyo yokuyeresa, asi kururama kwaro makirasi achitevedza ehurumende mitemo.

Combined kumanikidzwa mugamuchiri yose kufurirwa mugamuchiri inoshandiswa kuyera simba uye zvachose nevamwe kufambira chokubuda pamwero zvinopfuura 5 m / s, uyewo kunofambira mberi nevamwe pevashoma.

Kuyera mwando dzedenga hama uye kwakakwana gasi uye guruva runoyerera kubva 10 kusvika 90% zviri nezvimedu kunze tembiricha of 0 kusvika 50 ° C, dova pfungwa uye mwero wokufema kushandisa mudziyo vasanganiswa zvinosanganisira mhepo geji uye thermohygrometer. Unogona kushandisa mano aya voga. Izvi zvinoenderana kushandiswa rabhoritari zvokushandisa, zvakadai Thermo-7 IVTM M2 uye vanekuva anemometer pamwe akavaka TESTO 417.

The kumanikidzwa geji rinoshandiswa kuti kufurirwa kuyerwa, uye musiyano pakati kufurirwa kusiyana gasi uye mhepo Rwako.

Nokuti nokuyerwa mumhepo kumanikidzwa rinoshandisirwa metrology chaicho.

Kuti tizive mhepo tembiricha, vachishandisa kwakajairika thermometers, uye ayo mwando - psychrometers.

Pamasikiro nhumbi, kunyanya kukura mune huruva murukova vanofanira nechokwadi kuchenesa yavo nyore, kunyanya maoko avo kana mumakwenzi.

Kuitisa aerodynamic nemiedzo zvisingabviri pasina fanera kuti kuyera mhepo vhoriyamu chokubuda. Rinoshandiswa ane anemometer. Nokuda geometry kuti kufefetedza grids vari kutyora zvakakodzera kuti kuyera zvakafanana uye achitungamirirwa mhepo kuyerera. Saka, pamwe mudziyo uyu kuerera inoendeswa imwe Switch vachiongorora zviri dzinongoda mu panosangana, ari chikamu umo unhu kuyerwa kupfuura zvinogutsa.

All kuyera mano vari iongororwe nguva Standardization uye advertising miviri.

Kugadzirira hurongwa kunovhenekwa

nekuongororwa Aerodynamic pamusoro kufefetedza samambure rinoitwa panguva zvizere rakazaruka throttle mano, izvo akatasva vanhuwo mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka uye pamapazi zvose. Kazhinji pamasikiro diffusers mhepo mukugadzirisa zviumbu zvakavaka-kudzora mano. Vanofanirawo zvakazara akazarurwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, panguva kunonyanyisa mhepo unyatsoshanda dzinoshandisa injini anogona overheat kumanikidzwa kufefetedza hurongwa.

Kana izvi zvaitika, mukuru kubuda restrictor kufukidza, uye kana isina akapa pamasikiro, akaiswa pakati flanges ari diaphragm ane nhete simbi nemakadhibhokisi, kuderedza mhepo aibuda romugove mhepo kana mhepo vakawanda maberekero.

Zvadaro akagadzawo mano uye midziyo sezvo Standard rinoti. nekuongororwa Aerodynamic zvinofanira kuitika kuitira kuti kuverengwa havasi yakavhiringidzwa nokuda wakaisvonaka uye convective kupisa, vibration nezvimwe extraneous zvinhu.

Akagadzirira kushanda maererano mapasipoti avo pamusoro pavo kana Chinyorwa.

mashandiro

On zvaidiwa hwokugadzira mapepa ari zvazvakaipira panzvimbo yokuvakira tichitarisa kudziyisa, mhepo kutonhodza uye kufefetedza hurongwa, mapasipoti uye zvitupa zvinodiwa pamusoro muitiro michina. Ndiwo Danho rokutanga, iyo inotanga aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza enyika.

Zvadaro rabhoritari nyanzvi kuona kuwanda raida kuyerwa, kutanga mashoko reference, kuona mari basa uye kuti mutengo inofungidzirwa.

Munyaya inotevera Danho vane nhumbi nemidziyo vakatakudzwa kubva ose anodiwa aerodynamic miedzo uye kuyerwa. Akayera mhepo nevezera uye mumba tembiricha, hunosanduka kunofambira mberi uye azere aibuda kufurirwa, munguva iyo anemometer wakanyorwa rukova uye kuchinja kwayo kuverenga.

Check kana mhepo aibuda zvazvingava, mwando, uye ayo aibuda zvazvingava, zvachose kumanikidza kurasikirwa, yakarurama kugadzwa grids uye mavharuvhu siyana munyika; akayera zvakawandisa mhepo nevamwe stairwells dzakaderera uriri, lobbies, elevators zvimbambaira; uye differential kufurirwa mhiri namahwindo musuo kubvisa pakutengeserana; Zvinonzi pakutsvaga mwero kubviswa combustion zvinhu uye zvakawanda. Nzira aerodynamic miedzo zviri nokudzorwa hurumende indasitiri tichienzanisa.

Kubasa zvakakodzera kuitira kuti munguva kuyerwa hatuzoumbiki magasi ngozi kana putika yevasungwa.

Mugumisiro basa zvakakodzera vaurayiwa magwaro. It anoita uye protocols basa, kana zvakakodzera, kuti pasipoti yacho kufefetedza ino uye munhu dzakabatana.

yokupedzisira zvinyorwa

At kwokutanga Maonero rwokuzvarwa kufefetedza wavhomorwa rokuongorora kwakadaro. Pashure pokutarira ventilator chinoitwa kuyerwa aerodynamic parameters ose kufefetedza hurongwa dzakati uye rakapa pfungwa pamusoro pokuita kwavo chaiko parameters nechirongwa.

Aerodynamic kuidzwa kufefetedza inogona kupedzwa chiito, izvo zvinosanganisira mashoko basa kwacho zvokushandisa, avo negoho, kufefetedza mwero zvivako, mhepo ducts uye mano dzedenga filters uye kutarisana rokuongorora Data.

Aktiruyut impeller mhando yayo dhayamita, uye anoramba chisimudziso dhayamita, zvizere kuyerera uye kumanikidzwa kuita kuti feni; mhando majana, simba yedzimudzangara nzira torque chisimudziso dhayamita - nokuti electric motor; kumanikidzwa donhwe, kuti kubva muzana kubatwa uye bandwidth - firita; mhando mudziyo, riparadzirwe redunhu uye mhando coolant, Muedzo zvabuda - nokuti Heaters uye mhepo conditioners.

Pasipoti yacho kufefetedza gadziriro, iyo kunodiwa panguva inspections utsanana cherechedzo, vanofanira ane mashoko pamusoro chinangwa chacho uye nzvimbo, kuita uye zvimwe zvinhu zvechadenga kwacho zvokushandisa, muedzo zvabuda.

Zano kufefetedza vose mhepo diffusers vanofanirawo kuva nepasipoti.

Check kuitika kufefetedza anoona kukundikana kwayo, kukosha vakiridza kana okuchenesa.

Sei sei kuona hurongwa kufefetedza, nzira aerodynamic miedzo zvavo uye mapepa, yakaitwa pakati migumisiro nemiedzo, - mukuru Muvaki, mutengi okuvaka yokugara uye voruzhinji, zvivako, unyanzvi utariri makambani uye mamaneja engineering mabasa maindasitiri, mashoko aya kunodiwa kweinenge kunzwisisa chii mapepa unofanira kubika, apo kushandisa kuti advertising uye vakaongorora kufefetedza enyika.