AC: Scheme. Electric Motors uye AC

Munyaya ino uchadzidza chii yemagetsi AC, funga mudziyo wavo, uchishandisa pfungwa, nzvimbo chikumbiro. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhasi munyika indasitiri kuti vanopfuura 95 muzana zvose vakashandisa michini zvawanikwa asynchronous michina. Vagamuchira kwakakurumbira nokuti kuti vane dzakakwirira kuvimbwa, vanogona kuva refu chaizvo nokuda kwayo maintainability.

Nheyo nokushanda induction Motors

Kuti tinzwisise kuti injini, unogona kuitisa zvishoma chiedzwa. Chokwadi, unofanira kuva chinokosha chokushandisa. Kuisa magineti mu chimiro chidhongi zvokuti zvakatanga parutivi mubato. Sezvaunoziva, kuti magineti ane matanda maviri. Pakati pavo zvakafanira kuronga humburumbira yakaitwa nemhangura. Nenzira yokuti anogona tenderera takasununguka kumativi ayo akabatana. Zvino kuedza pachayo. Tanga chamupidigori magineti, ichi pave munda zvinopfakanyikamo. Inside yemhangura humburumbira vanotanga simuka Eddy dzenzvimbo, izvo tikurire munda magineti.

Somugumisiro, mumwe humburumbira mhangura anotanga tenderera nenzira iyo zvinofamba zvachose magineti. Uyezve, zviri zvishoma kudzika nokukurumidza. Chikonzero ichi - panguva iyoyo nokukurumidza sezvo mitsetse simba regera kupindira musango magineti. The remagineti rotates synchronously. Asi kumhanya ari kwebasa magineti Nonsynchronous. Uye kana zvishoma akagerwa rondedzero, asynchronous. Saka zita yemagetsi muchina - induction motokari. Kana ine, ipapo AC gwenya redunhu iri anenge kufanana dziri pamusoro kuedza. Chete remagineti akasikwa kubudikidza stator ichitenderera.

DC Motors

Vakasiyana zvishoma kubva AC induction Motors. Chekutanga, pane ane mumwe kana vaviri stator ichitenderera. Chechipiri, nzira kuchinja rotor nokukurumidza siyanei. Asi rotor kutenderera direction kudzorwa polarity shanduko (mu asynchronous michina yacho mains danho kuchinja nzvimbo). Change kumhanya ane DC gwenya rotor zvinokwanisika, kana kuwedzera kana kutapudza voltage nechikoro kusvika stator ichitenderera.

DC injini haagoni kushanda pasina excitation ichitenderera, riri pamusoro rotor. voltage kutapukirwa kunoitika achishandisa bhurasho gungano. Ndiwo kupfuura wokusavimbika vanzwe zvakagadzirwa. Brushes yaigadzirwa graphite, pakupedzisira vakadzima, zvichitungamirira kukundikana injini, inoda kugadziriswa. Cherechedza kuti AC uye DC dzemagetsi Motors vane okunze, asi zvivako zvavo dzinosiyana chaizvo.

Pamasikiro electric motor

Somumwe non-kunofambira mberi yemagetsi muchina, imwe asynchronous injini ine huru zvikamu zviviri - the stator uye rotor. The chinhu chokutanga wakaiswa pamusoro payo akaisa windings matatu zvine chokuita mune imwe muenzaniso. The rotor ndiye chinjwa, magadzirirwo rinonzi "tsindi keji". Chikonzero zita iri riri kuti dzomunyika Murongerwo zvikuru zvakafanana vhiri pamwe tsindi.

Ekupedzisira, Chokwadi, kwete injini. kuvakira ari rotor inoitwa maviri cover, vakatasva pamusoro stator. Ndivo mabheyaringi kuti zviite kutenderera. Seri injini impeller iiswe. Achibatsirwa kutonhora ane zvemagetsi muchina rinoitwa. On the stator zvinoitwa mbabvu kuti kuvandudza kupisa kutapurirana. Nokudaro AC Motors vari kushanda mune kuipa chafariz hwechiKomonisiti.

The stator ane induction injini

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti stator matanda ano asynchronous Motors unexpressed. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, yose mukati pamusoro ndiyo yakarurama. Kuti kuderedza Eddy kurasikirwa ano, chinoumba inounganidzwa kubva mutete chaizvo machira ane simbi. machira ava pedyo zvakakodzera chaizvo nevamwe uye zvadaro kupinda mukati simbi casing. The stator ane grooves kuti kuisa windings.

The windings dzinoitwa nemhangura waya. Unobva navo ari "nyeredzi" kana "Triangle". In yokumusoro chikamu muviri ane nhoo duku, dzoga zvachose. Kune contactsGoogle uye kubatana kuti unobva windings. Uye unogona kubatanidza ichitenderera kushandisa jumpers kuiswa mune pemapuranga. The mudziyo chiri AC injini inoita nokukurumidza kubatana zviri windings iri achida muenzaniso.

Rotor induction injini

Nezvake zvakanga zvishoma hunonzi. Unotarisa sezvinoita tsindi keji. The rotor Magadzirirwo iri vakaungana kubva mutete simbi machira, uyewo stator. The rotor cheap car insurance iri ichitenderera, asi inogona kuva pakubhadhara anoverengeka. All zvinoenderana Pasika kana tsindi-keji rotor. Rakajairika matsva mazano. tsvimbo yemhangura gobvu anoiswa mukati grooves pasina insulating zvinhu. On mativi ose pematanda chokuita marin'i emhangura. Dzimwe nguva, pane "tsindi keji" rakashandiswa chiwanikwa rotors.

Asi kuchine AC Motors pamwe pitikoti-mhete Motors. Ivo anoshandiswa ndoda kazhinji, zvikurukuru dzemagetsi Motors, vane yakakwirira kwazvo simba. nyaya yechipiri, iyo zvakafanira kushandisa kapepa-mhete Motors mu dzemagetsi Motors - kusikwa yakawanda nesimba panguva kanda. Zvisinei, nokuti ichi zvakakodzera kushandisa rinokosha rheostat.

Nzira vanotanga induction injini

Run AC asynchronous injini iri nyore, unotofanira kubatanidza stator windings ari-danho matatu Network. Connection inoitwa nokubatsira rinobva contactors. Pamusana kwavari, unogona zvinenge michina pakutanga. Kunyange neizvi anogona kuitwa pasina dambudziko yakawandisa. Asi mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha kuderedza voltage kuti rinoshandisirwa stator windings.

Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nokushandisa maererano chati iri "Triangle". In ichi kutanga-up ndiyo apo windings chokuita ari "nyeredzi". With kuwedzera chaizvo, richisvika kudiwa chinja kuti "Delta" Dunhu kufadza ichitenderera. Saka pane zvinoderedza vapedzwa kuitika anenge katatu. Asi ziva kuti haasi stator ose ishande zvakanaka kana chokuita maererano anorimwa "Triangle".

Speed kuzvidzora

In indasitiri uye upenyu hwezuva nezuva zvava nevakawanda maitikiro converters. Vanogona kuva zvishomanana kufamba maoko kuchinja rotor kutenderera nokukurumidza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti AC Motors anoshandiswa pachiimbwa maitikiro converters miitiro dzakawanda. Kunoitawo kuti zvakanaka-chuna yacho nemotokari, hazvina zvakakodzera kushandisa simba rinonzi magnetic actuators. All chidhiraivho chokuita kuti zviteshi kakawanda inverter. Settings kukubvumira kushandura nguva kumhanyisa pakati injini rotor, kuamisa, apo zvishoma uye kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza, uyewo dzimwe unodzivirira mabasa.

mhedziso

Zvino munoziva kuti kushanda AC motokari kunoitika. Kunyange nevanhu akadzidza pamasikiro induction injini. Ndicho yakachipa pashiri zvose, izvo chaikurukurwa pamusika. Uyezve, nokuti zvakajairika oparesheni hapana chikonzero kushandisa akasiyana upiyona namano. Kunyanya, dimmers. Uye chete Kuwedzera kwakadaro, sezvo kakawanda convert anogona kugarwa nokushanda induction injini, richikura nezvaanogona ayo kwazvo.