A. Platonov, "The Third Son": muchidimbu uye kuongorora kwebasa racho. A. Platonov muenzi wekufa nehupenyu

Apo muverengi, semurairo, akadzidziswa zvakanaka uye anoziva, anonzwa zita raAndrei Platonov, zvino anobva ayeuka "Pit" uye "Chevengur." Uye pamwe chete navo kunouya ruzivo rwakaoma rweSllavoni syllable iyo isingagoni kunzwika kamwechete, sezvo rurimi rwake rwunokurudzira muverengi seanorcotic dope, zvishoma nezvishoma, uye anokwevera mumvura. Hazvisi pachena kana munhu anofarira mabhuku ake kana kuti haagoni kungobuda munzvimbo inoshamisa inonyora yakazara nerufu neyeRussian classical yezana remakore rechi20. Zvose izvi ndezvechokwadi kune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa umo maitiro eChipatoni haashanduki. "Mwanakomana wechitatu" (chidimbu chinosanganisira) ndeye uchapupu humwe.

The plot

Mune rimwe divi reruwa rwechipiri murume akwegura anofa kune murume akwegura, uye anopa teregiramu kuvana vake (ivo vane matanhatu mumativi ose) muSoviet Union kuti avabatsire pamariro uye vobva vaudza amai vavo.

Chokutanga, mwanakomana wedangwe anouya pachiitiko chezviitiko, ipapo vamwe vose vanomutevera munguva pfupi. Nomwana anouya chete mwanakomana wechitatu - anounza naye mwana muduku. Neunyanzvi hukuru, akarondedzera munyaya iyo yose inotaura nezvekufa kweamai vake, Platonovs. "Mwanakomana wechitatu" (muchidimbu chinongotaura izvi chete muchikamu) - mupfungwa iyi basa shoma shoma.

Ipapo pakanga pane mariro muimba umo pasina munhu ainyanya kudavira kuna Mwari, saka iyo yose yakaratidza unhu hwakanyanya uye husinganzwisisiki: muprista akaverenga minyengetero, vanakomana vaimiririra varindi (hapana akanyengetera) pamusoro pebhokisi raamai uye vakachema vakanyarara, vachichema vachidurura misodzi. Uye muprista panguva iyoyo ainetseka zvikuru nehukama hwehukama hwakasungwa, ndaida kunzwa kusabatanidzwa mune zvakanga zviri kuitika, ndaida kutaura nevarume pamusoro pekusangana kwevanhu uye kuvakwa kwayo.

Sekuru vakaisa hama dzose muimba imwe chete, uye akaenda nemzukuru wake kune imwe. Pashure penguva, kuseka, kukakavara kwevana uye nziyo dzakanzwika kubva muimba yehama. Uye sekuru vangu vakaputika misodzi nemuzukuru wake. Ipapo musikana akarega kuchema pamusoro paambuya vake, avo vaakanga asingazivi, asi Baba havana kugona kudzikama.

Muimba yehama mune imwe chete - mwanakomana wechitatu - akanyarara. Mairi nokukurumidza kukakavara uye ruzha rwakanyarara. Mukova wakazaruka, mwanakomana wechitatu akabuda mumba, akaenda kubhokisi raamai vake, aida kuvimba naye ari murima kana kumubata, asi akaita chisina kunaka uye akabvisa chivharo kubva patafura, ndokubva arasikirwa. Dzimwe hama dzakakurumidza kumubatsira. Kwakange kusinazve dzimwe nziyo, zvakare hazvina kufara. Hama dzaipararira dzakapoteredza imba uye yadhi uye dzichinyengetera pamusoro paamai vakafa. Izvi zviitiko zvakatsanangurwa nenzira yakabva pamwoyo naPlatonov. "Mwana wechitatu" (muchidimbu muchidimbu chechi ichi chinopupurira izvi) ibasa duku asi rine simba.

Rufu semhuri inoitika uye sechiitiko chiripo

Asi nhaurirano haigumi kune izvo zviri munyaya ino. Apo pavanotaura uye kunyora pamusoro paPlatonov, pane nguva dzose muedzo wokutarisa kunze kwenyaya yebasa uye kuona chimwe chinhu chiri shure kwayo. Uyu ndiwo muedzo watinopa, kupfuurira kubva pakudzokorora kune kuvepo nekuongorora kwebasa iro Platonov akanyora. "Mwanakomana wechitatu" (muchidimbu hachikwanisi kuvanza izvi) zvine chokuita nekutsvakurudza kwakadaro sebasa rose remunyori.

Kusvikira nguva iyo hama yechitatu yakabuda muimba, rufu rwakaratidzika kune vose vakaunganidza vanhu, kunze kwe, zvichida, muzukuru uye sekuru, chiitiko chaicho uye kunyange, zvichida, zvakajairika. Zvakanaka, hongu, amai vangu vakafa, saka chii? Pashure pezvose, hupenyu hwevanakomana huripo. Upenyu hunoguma uye hunoguma nerufu - izvi zvakakwana. Hama dzakanga dzisina kutarisana kwenguva yakareba uye hazvizivikanwi kuti dzichasanganazve, kunze kwekuvigwa kwababa vavo. Saka wadii kunyengedza.

Logic mune izvi, nokuti pane zvinhu zvinokosha zvekufunga kwezuva nezuva. Kana iwe uchiyeuka, saka kazhinji hapana munhu anoona rufu rwevakwegura senjodzi yechokwadi. Zvakajairika kuti vanhu vakwegura vafe, asi vechidiki vanogara. Asi iyi "chimiro", sekutonga, haisi kuratidzwa, asi yakavanzwa mushure mechirongwa: vanozvikanda pachavo mubhokisi, kuchema uye kuchema pamusoro pemunhu akafa, kuitira kuti kusava nemunhu anoziva kuti zvirokwazvo vose havana hanya.

Chiitiko chiripo, rufu runowanikwa apo mwanakomana wechitatu ane "shoko rake rakanyarara" anodzivisa mufaro wehama, anosiya mukamuri kuzobata amai kwenguva yekupedzisira murima uye vanopera kubva pakuwedzerwa kwemanzwiro. Uye zvino mumwe munhu wose anonzwisisa kuti izvi zvose ndezvechokwadi - amai havasisipo uye havangambovi. Kupera kweumwe wevarwi vanochera ruvara rwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kuratidza hurombo hunotyisa hwekufa.

Izvozvo ndiko kududzirwa existential kwechiitiko chekufa kwemukadzi wekare mubasa "The Third Son". Andrei Platonov inyanzvi huru kwete chete nemashoko, asi ekufunga kwefilosofi.

Kusiyana kwehupenyu nerufu mubasa "Wechitatu Mwanakomana"

Kushamisika kubata, asi kutanga, kunyange kana wakafa ari mumba, manzwiro edambudziko anongoratidzwa chete nemutauro wakasiyana-siyana wePlatonov, vanakomana havazvinzwi. Kwavari, rufu rutivi rwehupenyu. Asi kana hama yechitatu ichirasikirwa, vamwe vanonzwisisa kuti rufu haruna kurega, chimwe chinhu chakasiyana nehupenyu. Izvi zvinowanikwa, zvechokwadi, zvinotyisa ma heroes (uye pamwechete navo uye muverengi). Yakanyatsorondedzera pfungwa yepakati yakaipa pakati pehupenyu nerufu rweMapatoni. Andrei Platonov "The Third Son" yakavakirwa pane musiyano pakati pehutano hwehupenyu uye kusagadzikana uye kusakosha kwekufa. Iri basa reRussian classic rinofanira kuverengwa. Mukuwedzera, zvakakwana kutanga kuzivana nebasa raA.P. Platonov.