Leo Tolstoy "Sevastopol Stories" (muchidimbu)

Leo Tolstoy "The Sevastopol Stories" (chikamu chokutanga) akanyora mwedzi mushure mekukomba muna 1854. Ichi chiitiko chekufungidzira kweguta. Mhedziso "Sevastopol nyaya" haigone kuzivisa, zvechokwadi, kuwedzera kwebasa. Ichitaura kune muverengi we "iwe", munyori anoratidza kuti anova chapupu chezvakaitika muzvipatara, pamabhadharo uye zvigaro zveguta rakakombwa.

"Sevastopol Stories": chidimbu chechikamu che1 pamusoro pezviitiko muna December 1854

MunaDecember muSevastopol muna 1854 kwakanga kusina chando, asi chaiva chando. Muguta racho nguva dzose musasa wemauto akatanga. Pakazosvika peder, mhepo yakazadzwa nekunhuwa kwemuriwo, marasha, dampness uye nyama. Vanhu vakanga vachikurira pamakumbo: masoja, vafambisi vezvikepe, vatengesi, vakadzi. Steamers uye skiffs, vakazadzwa nevanhu, vaigara vachifambisa uye vachifamba nengarava.

Pakafunga kuti akanga ari muSevastopol, mweya wakazadzwa nekudada uye ushingi, uye ropa rakatanga kutumhanya nekukurumidza kuburikidza nemumota. Kunyange zvazvo chiitiko ichi, chinomiririra musanganiswa weguta rakanaka uye bhavouac yehondo ine tsvina kana musasa wemauto, yakanga yakaipa.

Muchipatara cheSevastopol, chiri muimba huru yeGungano, avo vakakuvadzwa vari kutaura. Mumwe mufambisi wengarava haakanganwi kurwadziwa, kunyange zvazvo akarasikirwa negumbo rake. Mumwe murwere anotsigira pasi, kubva pasi peganda iro rakasara rakasara remaoko riri kutarisa. Inopa kunhuwa kunofadza. Kurutivi rwayo yakaisa mutyairi-mukadzi asina netsoka, akaunza murume wake masikati pachigadziko uye akapinda mumoto. Vakuvadzwa vakanga vakaiswa muchengeti muimba yekugadzirira, vakatarisa nekushamiswa kwekunyorerwa, kunzwa kuchema nekugomera kwevarwere. Kune kutambura, ropa nerufu kumativi ose.

Nzvimbo inonyanya kuipa ndeyese yechina. Mukuru wehurumende, achifamba achinyarara achibva pamusana wekumbomira, anotaura kuti mushure mokunge bhomba, bhuti rimwe chete rakaramba richiita mubhatiri rake, uye vanhu vasere bedzi, asi mangwanani akatevera akafuratirazve kubva pfuti dzake dzose. Kubva pamakumbo iwe unogona kuona rusvingo rwemuvengi - ivo vari pedyo. Mune vafambisi vechikepe vanoshumira pfuti, muhupamhi hwemapfudzi avo, mumusungo mumwe nomumwe, umwe neumwe wesangano ravo rakasimba uye risina tsvina, zvikamu zvehurumende yeRussia zvinoonekwa - zviri nyore uye kusindimara. Munhu wose akaona izvi, anganzwisisa kuti haugone kutora Sevastopol.

"Sevastopol Stories": muchidimbu muchikamu chechipiri pamusoro pezviitiko munaMay 1855

Kwehafu yegore hondo yeSevastopol. Zvido zvevanhu zvakawanda zvakagumburwa, zviuru zvakagutsikana, asi zviuru zvakanyarara, zvakapinda murufu. Iwe unogona kusahadzika kuvapo kwepfungwa dzevarwi, nokuti hondo haina musoro - izvi zvinopenga.

Pakati pekufambisa mutungamiriri wechikepe Mikhailov, uyo, kunze kwekupa mubayiro nemari, anoda kupinda mudenderedzwa remauto "aristocracy." Akave akaumbwa nemutungamiri Kalugin, Prince Galtsin, Lieutenant-Colonel Neferdov uye mukuru wePraskukhin. Ivo vanodada maererano naMikhailov.

Mangwanani akatevera Mikhailov akaenda panzvimbo yemukuru mukuru, kuti akarwara, panguva yegumi nematatu kusvika kumusasa. Bhomba rakaputika pedyo naye, Praskukhin akaurawa. Ikoko, Kalugin akaendawowo kumusoro. Achida kuongorora masvingo, anobvunza mutungamiri kuti avaratidze. Asi mutungamiri anorwisana pamusoro pemvura mitanhatu kwemwedzi mitanhatu asina kupera, uye kwete nguva nenguva, saKalugin. Nguva yezvisina maturo uye njodzi yakatopfuura, iye atowana mvumo uye anonzwisisa kuti ruva rake riri kuuya kusvika pakupera. Nokudaro, anopa mutungamiri kune mutevedzeri wechidiki, uyo vasiri kupikisa pasina panjodzi, vanofunga kuti vakanyanya kukunda kupfuura mutungamiriri.

"Sevastopol Stories": chidimbu chechikamu chechitatu chezviitiko muna August 1855

Mikhail Kozeltzov, mukuru mukuru airemekedzwa muuto, akadzokera kuSevastopol akakombwa mushure mekuvadzwa kwake. Vanhu vakawanda vakaunganidza pachiteshi. Mabhiza zvachose haana kukwana. Pakati peavo vakamirira, Michael anosangana nemukoma wake Vladimir, pachigaro chekunyora kuenda kumasimba anoshingaira.

Volodya akatsigirwa nebhateri iri muchikepe. Mureza wacho haugone kurara kwemazuva mazhinji; kusviba kwerima kunopindira naye.

Mukuru Kozeltsov, asvika kumukuru mukuru, anotora kambani yake yekare. Pakutanga vakanga vari shamwari, asi iye zvino pakati pavo ndeyerusvingo rwekugumburwa. Mune kambani munhu wese anofara nekudzoka kwaKozeltsov, anoremekedzwa nemauto nemahofisi.

Volodya anoziva mauto ehondo. Kunyanya ushamwari naye Junker Vlang. Vose vari vaviri vakatumirwa kubheteri ine ngozi zvikuru kuMalakhov Hill. Zvose zveVolodya zivo yezvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti hazvibatsiri pabhateri. Masoja maviri akakuvadzwa, hapana anozogadzirisa pfuti. The Junker anotya zvikuru zvokuti anofunga chete nekugara ari mupenyu. Masoja eboka rake ari kuvanda muchikepe cheVolodya.

Kubva mangwanani mangwanani pfuti dzave dzakarongeka. Volodya anofara chaizvo kuti haatyi, asi, asi, anogona kuita mabasa ake zvakanaka, anorasikirwa nekunzwa kwengozi.

Kurwisa kweFrance kunotora zvisingazivikanwi mukuru Kozeltsov. Anokwira kunze nemunondo wake muduku mberi, achikurudzira masoja. Mushure mekutora maronda anouraya mubhokisi, anobvunza kana vaFrench vakarohwa kana kwete. Vakasuruvara vanomuudza kuti hongu, ivo vakarohwa. Anofa, achifunga nezvehama yake uye achifara kuti akazadzisa basa rake.

Volodya anorayira nyore nyore uye achifara bheteri rake, asi vaFrance vanoramba vachimupandukira uye vachimuuraya. Paguruva iri mureza weFrance. Vlang, pamwe nebhateri, anopinda munzvimbo yakachengeteka. Anoshungurudza zvikuru nekufa kwaVolodya.

Varwi, vachibva muguta, vanoti maFrench haagari kwenguva refu mairi. Munhu wose anotendeuka anotarisa kuruboshwe Sevastopol nekurwadziwa nekurwadziwa, kuunganidza muhuvengo hwemweya kune muvengi.

Mukunyorwa kwezvirevo uye zvepfungwa - basa rakaoma "Sevastopol Stories". Nhepfenyuro haigoni kuratidza mitsetse yese yaro uye kukosha kwezvakanaka.