2nd chiBelorussia Front: Mutungamiriri, akafanana, kuzorwa nzira yenyu

Panguva yokupedzisira pavaipfuura Great Patriotic War, apo mauto eSoviet akanga recaptured kubva vokuGermany nharaunda yose RSFSR yakaumbwa 2nd chiBelorussia Front. Paiva zviviri paumbwe sangano, izvo zvinosanganisira hondo dzakawanda.

Wokutanga inotungamirwa

February 17 kwakasarudzwa kuumba 2nd chiBelorussia Front muna Supreme Command. aurayiwe chirevo kwakaitika musi February rechi24. The itsva mberi akapinda Army (47 vakasuwa 61 vakasuwa 70 ndipo), izvo kushanda muna Polesie - nharaunda iri pamuganhu pakati Belarus uye Ukraine. Pano, vanhu vokuGermany aine inokosha zvinobatsira, pasinei chinokosha kukundwa kumabvazuva. Masoja Wehrmacht vakabata maguta inokosha torazve kuti zvakanga zvisiri nyore kudaro. Nokuti kuti inokosha kutanga hondo zvakajeka yakatamira Soviet Union, Stalin akabvunza kunonyanyisa kumhanyisa ari kurwisa, kuti ave wokutanga muGermany kubata Berlin. Zvisinei, usati netsoka paivhu German, masoja veSoviet vakanga zvakaitika kwete chete Belarus asiwo Poland.

2nd chiBelorussia Front inotungamirirwa Colonel-General Pavel Kurochkin. Mukuru Staff akava Lt. Gen. Vladimir Kolpakchi. vanhu ava akatungamirira Polesskaya tsamwisa oparesheni, kubvira March 15 kusvika April 5, 1944. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha wemauto Soviet munharaunda iyi raiva guta Kovel. Uyewo zvakafanana kutanga tsamwisa nenzira iri Pripyat River.

Tibve Kovel

Paiva mapoka mapoka German "Center" uye "South". Maererano naye yezvisikwa ichivhuvhuta chikarohwa, uye mauto Soviet muchidimbu vakakwanisa chaivharidzira Kovel, izvo zvisinei haana kukanda mapfumo. Uyewo, Wehrmacht yakadzurwa reserves kuti vaiva vokuGermany vari necheshure. 2nd chiBelorussia Front nemhuru. Nokukurumidza yakava kuoneka kushaya simba, iyo murayiro Soviet vasina kuripa. The chikonzero akarara ari ndechokuti zvakuri kuramba pakuti munhu kunokurumidza kurwisa, zvisinei mamiriro dzevanhu mari. Varwi vakanga vari pamberi, havana kumusiya kwemwedzi yakawanda, uye kare nepaImba kufora mazana makiromita.

Nekuda izvi zvikonzero zvose mberi akakundikana kuita ayo chikuru basa - kusunungura Kovel. Zvisinei, nheyo yakanaka yenguva kwaitwa. VokuGermany kontrnastupat aivawo chinhu, saka kuti kwechinguva hondo akava positional. April 5 akanga emauto akadzingwa mabasa 2nd chiBelorussia Front. Mutungamiri Pavel Kurochkin mune chipfuro itsva.

chiBelorussia oparesheni

Zvisinei, vhiki shomanana bedzi gare gare, musi waApril 24, 2nd chiBelorussia Front yakaumbwa patsva. inotungamirwa yake yechipiri kusvikira pakuguma hondo uye emauto akadzingwa mabasa muna June 1945. A gore pamberi basa pamberi pake pakupedzisira yokusunungura Belarus.

Muna May, pamberi weuto akatungamirira positional hondo, akamirira akaraira kuti inogumbura itsva. Zvakatanga musi June 23, kana kuti kuenda mberi uye akapa mamwe mapoka. Raiva kurwisa akaronga Soviet vehondo, vakanga kurongwazve pashure chitubu takanga tisisanakidzwi uye vakanga vagadzirira zvakare kuenda mberi achitevera kuenda masoja eGermany.

Mugore Byelorussian kushanda akanga apinda kwete chete 2nd chiBelorussia Front, asiwo 1st reBaltic (mutungamiri - Ivan Bagramyan), 3rd chiBelorussia (mutungamiri - Ivan Chernyakhovsky), 1st chiBelorussia (Konstantin Rokossovsky). Pakutanga remapazi mauto eSoviet vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matanhatu, zviuru dzehondo uye atirari zvidimbu kwakanga.

Mogilev Kurwisa

Pausiku ari General idzva akatungamirira 2nd Byelorussian Front. Mutungamiri Ivan Petrov akagamuchira hondo dzakawanda, kusanganisira 50th uye 4th Air Force.

Mukupera June, yakanakira hondo kushamwaridzana vaiitawo Mogilev oparesheni. Panguva yake chete pavhiki akavhuniwa zvinzvimbo muvengi, akayambuka Dnieper River uye Pronya. Vakasunungurwa maguta akadai kuchikosha sezvo Mogilev, uye Bykhov Shklov. Army Group "Center" Akagamuchira yakawanda gwanza, razova yayo achilles chitsitsinho. On nzira 2nd Byelorussian Front rakanga yechi12 Infantry Division pakati vokuGermany, iro rakaparadzwa zvachose. Uyewo panguva airstrike vakauraya yakakurumbira mukuru ane tangi Corps yeAustria Robert Martinek.

Panguva iyoyowo, Colonel-General Georgiy Fedorovich Zaharov akatungamirira 2nd chiBelorussia Front. Kurwisana nzira inotungamirwa ichi vakayambuka gobvu doro pazviri zvakaoma kundorwa vokuGermany neSoviet zvavo.

Bialystok oparesheni

Nokukurumidza, nechemberi wehondo akatora mugove Bialystok kushanda kuti yaiva chikamu chiBelorussia kuvhiyiwa. The tsamwisa itsva yakatanga musi July 5 uye kwakaguma 27 July. Muzhizha chikamu mberi takashanda pamwe nemauto muduku General Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovsky, uyo zvinosuruvarisa akafira East Prussia mumwedzi mishoma iri hondo.

July 24, akazosunungurwa pamusoro Belarusian guta Grodno. Mberi - nomuganhu Poland. Yakanga vamazana makiromita, izvo wachengeta 2nd chiBelorussia Front. Murwiyo wemauto aigara achiudza pamwe varwi itsva vakauya neshure, kurapa maronda avo kana kudzidza nokukurumidza ekudzidzisa varwi. Belarus rave waisakurwa ne Wehrmacht.

July yechi27 Soviet Army akapinda Bialystok. Yaiva makuru uye anokosha guta rokutanga Polish, rave kusiyiwa zvisingaiti German, uyo akauya pano panguva pakutanga Second World War, muna 1939. Bialystok oparesheni yakapera uye kusunungura Belostok C.

East Prussian oparesheni

Muna November, musoro mberi kwakaitwa Marshal of Soviet Union Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. Muzhizha kunopera uye kuburikidza kupunzika, mauto eSoviet zvakare akawana simba kuitira kuti budiriro muPoland. Mukuwedzera, mberi rakanga East Prussia - German Enclave, iyo administratively kare vaiva Third Reich. Paiva guta inokosha Koenigsberg, uyewo "Wolf kuti inogara" - nhamba chikuru Adolf Hitler, umo akatungamirira yakarwisa Soviet Union, apo mamiriro ezvinhu munharaunda hauzoti kwazvo isingafadzi nokuda Wehrmacht.

January 13 vakatanga East Prussian oparesheni, iyo wakapindwa ari 2nd chiBelorussia Front. List evakurukuri kwehondo iguru kuti hazvibviri kutungamirira. mazita evanhu akachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa magwaro. Mukuvamba kwa1945, vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 1,6 vakatora chikamu mukushanda.

Kana 3rd chiBelorussia Front akatamira kurutivi Königsberg, kuti 2nd akaenda neguta reMarienburg (Malbork kwePoland ano). nepavanogona zvavanoita vanofanira kutungamirira encirclement wenyika yose East Prussian muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano of Wehrmacht. Kazhinji kwakanga mudonzvo "Center" (mu January kunzi "North") of Army Group.

Mlavsko-oparesheni Elbingskaya

January 26 nemauto eSoviet kungova 2nd Byelorussian Front, vakasvika pemahombekombe ari Vistula rwizi. Mumakore vhiki mbiri, mauto eSoviet zvapedza Mlavsko Elbingskuyu-oparesheni. Zvakanzi zvekare akabatwa chinhu midzi inokosha pedyo netaundi Bromberg. Pakupedzisira neguta reMarienburg akawira, zvichibvumira muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano mauto kuti inogumbura muna Pomerania. The Masurian Lake District airarama uye vakakundwa 2nd Wehrmacht Army. Uyewo zvakaipisisa damage 4th Army.

East Pomeranian Kurwisa

Kubva February 10 April 4, akaramba East Pomeranian Kurwisa, iyo wakapindwa ari 2nd Byelorussian Front. 1945 akavimbisa kuti kukunda, asi pane vachiri kuchamhembe Polish kudunhu, uyewo Berlin.

Pamazuva gumi tsamwisa rokutanga mauto eSoviet vakakwanisa mberi makiromita 40 chete. Nokuda rinorema nezvinhu uye nekusagona mberi mberi nokushanda yambomiswa zvishoma. February 24 rakabatanidzwa pamberi rechi19 Army uye 2nd Shock Army. Chinangwa chavo chaiva guta Keslin (Koszalin ano). VokuGermany akadzivisa yakaoma, achiziva kuti shure pedyo uye makuru kune kumwe.

Panguva iyoyowo, wa1 chiBelorussia Front akatamira kubatsira Rokossovskogo boka. Kwakarongeka chakaitwa vaviri akabvumira kuputsa kudzivirira mauto eGermany. It akagurwa muzvikwata akawanda maduku, mumwe nomumwe riri, kana shure, kana vamwe. March 5, mauto eSoviet akasvika kumahombekombe eGungwa reBaltic. Panopera mwedzi kunokosha chengarava Danzig (Flughafen) akabatwa. East Pomeranian mashandiro rakapera zvinobudirira. A guru pakuita kukunda iyi, airidza Byelorussian Front wechipiri. Zvinoumba akanga paakavapa Medals siyana uye mitemo. Hwakawanda vanhu vakanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union.

Berlin oparesheni

Mberi aiva hondo mutsindo, kunyange mugumisiro hondo kare pachena mapato. The mubvunzo waiva chete vari vokutanga kuenda muBerlin - Soviet Army kana Western dzairwisa. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin aida kupa Churchill uye Roosevelt. Kubva zvose vatungamiri vake, akabvunza chero mutengo danho, zvisinei uwandu akafa. zvibayiro Human vava zvikuru vawanda.

Kunyange zvakadaro, pakatarisana akanga mberi. Berlin mashandiro akatanga musi April rechi16. Chokutanga zvakanzi huvandudzike Oder, inova muganhu pakati Poland uye Germany chaivo. Mauto eSoviet vakatamira pamwe chete ne 200 makiromita, dzichitsvaira kure mauto asara German. On Victory Day, May 9, rechi19 Army akatora mugove kumhara pamusoro Danish pachitsuwa Bornholm. Kazhinji, asi 2nd chiBelorussia Front rakafukidza zviito dzimwe dzakabatana, vapinda zvakananga muBerlin.

ukoshi

Hondo 2nd Byelorussian Front mugore waro kuvapo, akasunungura Belarus rose. Ivo vakarwa kure vokuGermany kuchamhembe kwePoland, richibatsira zvikuru vomunzvimbo racho tinorwisana vanopinda nechisimba. Pakupedzisira, hondo, pasuo mberi, akatora mugove Hondo Berlin. Muzhizha 1945 mberi akanga tinoshandurirwa Northern Group of Forces, kuGermany kuti Soviet Union.