Zvikamu uropi: yacho specialization neimwe

zvikamu uropi wemunhu - vanoumba boka "chikwata." Chinokosha mupiro bato rimwe mitambo, zvimwe haana kukwanisa mushandirapamwe - uye hatigoni kuva isu. Izvi zvinoitika kana munhu awana zvinokuvadza uropi. Ndizvo masayendisiti makasimbiswa uye mashandiro anoita siyana zvikamu uropi - musi zvaanorumbidza wevarwere neurologists. Kunyange zvazvo uropi mapurasitiki chaizvo nhengo, zvakakuvadza nharaunda anogona kupora basa ravo nokuda mamwe madhipatimendi.

Saka, uropi hwedu rakakamurwa chii zvinoriumba? Ndezvipi chikuru zvikamu uropi? Nyanzvi Western dzinoti nedhaimani serin'i uropi, chikamu ichocho ndicho chinoita maitiro uye neocortex. Ngatikurukurei madhipatimendi izvi.

rhombencephalon

Ndicho kupfuura kare nzvimbo uropi, uchiri kunzi kuuropi. Kureva, zvakajairika kuti vakawanda evolutionarily dzakabudirira mhuka. Ndiye anokonzera inokosha mashandiro anoita muviri womunhu. Hindbrain unotora ari medulla oblongata, pons uye cerebellum. Vanoitei pamuviri? Izvi chakakurukurwa mberi.

Medulla munyaya muviri wako otomatiki kushanda, pane kufema nzvimbo, kugaya uye mutemo mwoyo sunga. Saka kana chikamu ichi uropi wakuvadzwa, munhu kwakaoma zvisingaiti rokuponesa.

Bhiriji anosarudza pachiyero kwedu simba yauinayo, kunewo transmits kutsinga dzinouya nezvaunoona pamusoro uropi. On mamiriro kuti kuuropi kunoenderana nokugona kwedu kushanda.

The cerebellum yave rakagara richidudzirwa zvakurukurwa muviri mukuru, iyo anobata ari kufambisa nemafambiro, uyewo motokari ndangariro.

Chikamu ichocho ndicho chinoita maitiro

Chikamu ichi uropi akadana mupfungwa uropi kana yekare mammalian uropi. Unogara takasvinura, ndangariro inotanga pano. Chikamu ichi uropi kuyeuka uye manzwiro ikashandiswa, kukanganisa maitiro edu uye zuva nezuva kusarudza emotive. Pano tinoberekwa ukoshi nezvaakatonga. Chikamu chino uropi anosarudza chii chinorehwa uye chii haisi: pane filtration nevezvenhau. Its constituent zvikamu uropi anokonzera spontaneity zvinhu uye.

The amygdala ndiye anokonzera kuunganidza mashoko mupfungwa. Zvakanyanya kukosha muupenyu paumbwe manzwiro nokutya. Anopa murayiro kurasa kunetseka mahormone, chinoita ziya maoko edu uye mwoyo - kuti ndizvipete zvakawanda.

The hippocampus rinobatanidzwa vanoyeukwa uye kudzidza zvishoma yose. Rinogadzirira mashoko hutachiwana mundangariro kwenguva refu, rinotibatsira kunzwisisa spatial ukama uye kududzira kuuya anonongedzera kubva kutsinga dzinouya zvomukati.

Hypothalamus - kwemakemikari anobudiswa pfungwa dziri chokuita pituitary shwanu. Zvinonzi vaiita Ritmos circadianos (anokonzera chido kurara nokunonoka uye anomutsa wakatibudisa mangwana), vaine kugara ezvinhu womuviri, anodzora chido kudya, kuramba mvura mvura nechiyero.

Thalamus - pfungwa aunganidza mashoko ose dambudziko zvivako, kusanganisira mamiriro muviri uye nezvekufadza siyana.

neocortex

Ndiwo paumbwe kupfuura akakwana muuropi, kupfuura evolutionarily itsva. Inonzi ouchenjeri pfungwa yokunyanyisa kukosha kune ungwaru mashandiro anoita munhu. Cerebral cortex (neocortex) rakakamurwa hemispheres maviri. Ivo kudzora rumwe rutivi rwomuviri. In nomumwe wavo secrete zvakasiyana siyana mabasa.

Frontal akafukidza - chikuru "Musoro" wouropi. It haibvumiri munhu ave asina kumbofunga kuchititadzisa chido, basa ongororo uye nokuronga, vanhu vane kutyorwa wayo kuchinja maitiro akaoma akadai pfungwa zvinosetsa. Pasina chakaipa mashandiro chinokwana hazvibviri nehanya nevamwe uye urombo.

Parietal akafukidza - nepakati, izvo anotibvumira ribude nezvekufadza kubva ganda uye nhengo dzomukati, kusanganisira marwadzo. Chinobatsira zvekare ngaaverenge kumhanya zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa kuzivikanwa uye spatial nemunhu.

Rwepanyama akafukidza kurongedza inzwi maonero. Heino nzvimbo iri Wernicke wacho, izvo anotibvumira vasingazvioni.

Occipital akafukidza anogamuchira uye kurongedza kutarisana ruzivo, iri kubatanidzwa rwakati kuti spatial mafungiro.

The corpus callosum rinobatanidza hemispheres mbiri pamwe chete.

Sezvaunogona kuona zvikamu uropi zvine chokuita, uye kuita zvakasiyana-siyana mashandiro, asi ivo vari zvakakodzera kuti tikwanise kuita basa redu achiita mabasa. Kunakidzwa nokudzidza!