Žil-158 - madhorobha bhazi yeSoviet nguva

Mabhazi mhando žil-158 rakanyorwa kubvira 1957 kusvika 1960 panguva fekitari žil. Kubvira 1959, kusvika 1970, kugadzirwa akaramba ari fekitari Likino Likino-Dulyovo Moscow nharaunda. Žil-158 chainyanya yakakurumbira muenzaniso Soviet nguva, izvozvo akagamuchira vairairwa zvinenge zvose bhazi fleets of USSR. Imwe chirimwa hadzikwanisi nechokwadi munyika kudiwa, asi kugadzirwa prices zvakanga zvakanaka. Panguva Moscow chirimwa Likhachev akasunungura 9515 Marori žil-158.

Changing chirimwa

Muna 1957, zuva hwomukova VI World Festival vadzidzi vaduku, dzakatorwa uye kumhanya-180 michina. Annual bhazi Kugadzirwa pashure kugadzirwa kuchinjirwa muna Likino-Dulyovo akanga 213 motokari muna 1959, 5419 inokwana zviyero muna 1963, 7045 inokwana zviyero muna 1969. Dzinokwana Likino Bus Factory anenge 50,000 mabhazi zvakabudiswa mumakore gumi. Kusunungurwa žil-158 (Lee AZ-158) akaramba kusvikira 1971, zviduku zvakawanda - kusvikira May 1973, apo mokupedza kopi razova chinhu indasitiri wezvokutengeserana zvinoratidza zviratidzwa gore iroro pasi auspices of US vakaungana.

kupuruvha

Bus žil-158 aiva kuenderera mazuvaano womuenzaniso zis-155. muviri wake akava refu nokuda 770 millimeters. Passenger vanokwanisa yakawedzera kusvika matanhatu zvigaro, 32 iyo zvave ndakagara. Exterior magadzirirwo 158th muenzaniso wo yekudyidzana achiudza, mahwindo akatora chimiro, pamberi Panel kwazova ano, shure vakagamuchira akawanda chisina kutsetseka chimiro, izvo dzateerera kuti fashoni nguva. Žil-158, izvo pane mapikicha munyaya yakanga akagadziridzwa panguva. Mazuvaano akabata powerplant injini huchisimba kubudikidza 9 muzana.

mugwagwa chitima

Muna 1960, kugadzirwa akatevedzana duku akapinda chitima bhazi žil-158 "Aremkuz-2PN", zvinosanganisira turera uye vachikweva motokari žil-158. The chitima akapiwa chinoshamisa zita "muzukuru" shoma uye vakatanga kumhanya pamusoro Moscow mumigwagwa. Pashure kushanda zvakadaro rudzi mutakurwi yomumugwagwa makore maviri chaifanira kusiyiwa nekuti turera zvizere akatakura chete panguva nhokwe awa, vose vasara nguva vakaenda chinhu. Kunyange zvakadaro, pfungwa haana kukanganwa zvachose, uye gare gare akanga ava chakafanana akodhiyoni-bhazi.

Muna 1960, musi Likinsky chirimwa kwakatangwa mune akatevedzana modernized bhazi žil-158. The muchina kwakasiyana chikuru shanduro itsanangudzo batira, chimwe-dhisiki, yakaoma. The batira yava nyore zvikuru, uye chikwata - zvikuru hwakavimbika. On motokari iwe kuva Kupfuudzwa kubva motokari žil-164 pamwe neshanduko giya.

Pamwe yoku- muenzaniso waibvisa pamusoro madhoo, izvo zvisina musoro kuti mumadhorobha kushandiswa, sapamazuva inopisa okunze unogona rutivi mahwindo.

Kushandiswa mu paterevhizheni kugadzirwa

Žil-158 womuenzaniso vaudzewo zvikuru ichiita mabasa akawanda, uye pafoni zveterevhizheni vakasikwa yawo hwaro. zvivako aya pakuvhiya kwacho kusvikira 1980. The wakapamhama kabhini nyore raitenda zvakafanira zvose nenhumbi, mira midziyo, zororo nzvimbo uye nyaya chikwata kuti operative basa uye kudzokera mhenyu yenhepfenyuro.

Simba chirimwa panguva bhazi žil-158 iri pamberi pakati. In yechando, injini casing anoshanda kuti vakuchidzire ari kabhini uye pamberi kabhini. Mid mutakurwi nzvimbo uye rwemberi mugove waro uye vanotsamwira zvinopisa mhepo ichibva injini nechisimba achishandisa rinokosha mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka ine feni simba.

chassis

Kutyaira kune veshure mavhiri wokushandura kutenderera kubva injini kuburikidza driveshaft maviri outboard mabheyaringi. Suspension sezvo shure uye mberi, pamwe matsime. All-nemavhiri mhikuriso vakapakata nehana absorbers. Panoperera kugadzirwa kwenguva yakati ari muchina iiswe itsva hydraulic kuvhunduka absorbers. Kunze muviri vakagadziridza pamwe edare pamwe rivets. Apo yepamusoro pendi bhodhi akatarisa tsvarakadenga ano.

Kubviswa kubva kugadzirwa kwetsvina

Žil-158 mabhazi vakanga kushanda mune zvose kumatunhu Soviet Union uye vaionekwa zvokufambisa nyore ano. Zvisinei, upenyu muchina asingadi kupfuudza makore 8-10, nokuti muviri asisiri budirira. Rinoitei simbi kuneta uye susceptibility kuti ngura. Muna 1973, musi žil-158 yokutsiva akauya muenzaniso itsva - LiAZ-677 uye 158th zvishoma nezvishoma kubva ndege uye kunyora kure. Nguva yokutanga yekare muchina akanga kwokuenda kuti mabhazi vakanga vamire pakachena mhepo uye Rusted. Asi nokukurumidza vatungamiriri bhizimisi vanoziva kuti pane mukana kutenga zvinenge hapana akasununguka bhazi, uye akatanga kushandisa kuti kutenga pakuguma upenyu nemotokari.

Massively yechinyakare mabhazi kuraswa yechipiri yezana makore 70 rokupedzisira remakore. Muna 1976, 158th akasiya mumigwagwa Moscow, muna 1977 - mumigwagwa Minsk, muna 1978, akasiya pakutengeserana muna Leningrad. Mukutanga '80s muna USSR inenge hapana rimwe žil-158, izvo zvaizoita kuti kubatanidzwa ave mufambi senga. Zvarakanyorwa kure mabhazi kana vakabvumira dzavo zvekushandisa ezvinhu, zvaiendeswa emakambani uye madhipatimendi ehurumende, capitally pakugadzira uye akaramba kushanda kwemakore akawanda.