Yomumuzongoza kukireshi: Ndicho sei vanozovhiringidzika utachiona, sei kudzivisa chirwere?

Yomumuzongoza akadana ngozi chirwere apo kuzvimba pachena uropi uye musana. Akatumidza chirwere mumwe kana kupfuura utachiona, zvingava utachiona kana utachiona, mumwe chakuvhe.

Govera chikuru yomumuzongoza, apo chirwere chiri rakazvimirira chimiro uye kunogona kukonzerwa noutachiona kana utachiona (kunyanya meningococcus kana Haemophilus influenzae). Kazhinji achitambura vana, kuyaruka, vakwegura. Panewo yomumuzongoza chesekondari, usina kusiyana zera-ukama. It kunoitika somunhu kuomesa kwakaita nemavhairasi zvirwere (gwirikwiti, varicella, mumps, rubella) kana purulent (otitis, sinusitis, sepsis). Yomumuzongoza kukireshi - chikuru kwacho, uye kakawanda nayo kunokonzerwa nechinhu kupfuura meningococcus. Meningococcal yomumuzongoza inzira chirwere.

Chii meningococcal chirwere?

The chirwere kunokonzerwa nokuziva microbe, anowira kubva mumwe munhu mumwe ne kuenda neherikoputa mumate. Utachiona Izvi zvikuru chinotapuriranwa, asi nokukurumidza kufa inotonhorera mhepo, saka panowanikwa panomuka kuburikidza pedyo kuonana kana mune vanhu vari inodziya mumba.

80% kuti zviitiko zvikuru yomumuzongoza hwakabatana meningococcus, uye zvakasimba siyana anowanikwa dzinenge nguva dzose muna vana kubva mwedzi mitanhatu upenyu (vana 6-10 mwedzi kudzivirirwa kubva utachiona rwaamai antibodies) kana kuyaruka nokuti havana asi aiva nguva yokukudziridza kutapata kwairi . Naizvozvo, meningococcal yomumuzongoza yave anonzi "yomumuzongoza vana" (pamberi zvakanga zvakafanira kuti infectiousness inonzi chekorera cerebrospinal).

Gore negore, pane munhu zviitiko meningococcal noutachiona, ipapo akanyorwa meningococcal boka B. Asi kamwe pamakore matatu kana mana pane yomumuzongoza nzvongo kunokonzerwa meningococcal boka A matenda kuitika kazhinji muchando uye chitubu, iyo kwakabatana mukuru kuderera mune kutapata nguva, uye kuti panguva ino yegore, vana vari kashoma kufamba uye vari mumba.

Pane zvakawanda siyana meningococcal noutachiona. Inonyanya ngozi vavo maererano infectiousness:

- ngoro, kana munhu asingadi kunzwa kurwara panguva imwe chete vachishingaira mukati 2-4 masvondo nemabhakitiriya kuenda neherikoputa;

- meningococcal nasopharyngitis, riri nyore kutakura, chinowanzoonekwa asina chirwere, sezvo rakafanana chakaipa pamusoro SARS.

Nezvimwe zvirwere zvinouraya. It yomumuzongoza (kana meningoencephalitis) uye meningococcal septicemia (meningococcemia). Yomumuzongoza kukireshi, kunokonzerwa utachiona ichi hazvireve runoyerera kubva mapundu, saka hapana chikonzero kumirira chitarisiko chake. Uyewo panowanikwa kujairika mapundu kunyange pasina zvimwe zviratidzo zviri chikonzero kudanwa "amburenzi" (kwete wevana, kureva, "ER", sezvo dzimwe nguva zvibodzwa anoenda maminitsi).

meningococcal yomumuzongoza sei?

The chirwere dzinenge nguva dzose rinotanga acutely, asi kunogonawo kuva ave kuomesa kwakaita meningococcal nasopharyngitis, ipapo Pachatanga pakurukurwa munyoro fivha, runny mhino, kwazvo huro uye kusanzwa. Zviratidzo zvokutanga - ndiyo anotemwa nemusoro, kunoitika panguva imwe chete kuwedzera kupisa yakakwirira nhamba. Uyewo kuzviratidza kurutsa (iye aigara, pashure zvinova nyore), photophobia. Inosimudzira ganda aikanganiswa kwakajairika ikabatwa (vanotanga kuti kusagadzikana). Yomumuzongoza angatanga nokukurumidza apo nechitarisiko anotemwa nemusoro kuti vakadhakwa kuziva zvinoda maawa 2-3 chete, asi anogona kutora nzvimbo zvishoma nezvishoma.

Kuvhiringidzika Kazhinji hunoratidzika chidhina, iyo zvinopfakanyika somnolence, mwana zvava zvinonetsa kumutsa. Dzimwe nguva izvi ezvinhu ari pakurukurwa nokugwinha (pfupi uye refu havachanyatsogoni kuziva), dzimwe nguva - kufara uye havazozvikwanisi mwana.

Upundu - kwete fanira chinhu. Kana meningococcal chirwere ari okuvhurumuka okunze anenge nguva dzose zvinotevera unhu:

- rima ruvara;

- plotnovata kuti kubata, zvinoratidzika sokuti protrude pamusoro pemvura ganda;

- vanowanzotanga kuoneka pamusoro maoko, tsoka, makumbo, maoko, magaro, hunde uye musoro - ipapo;

- mufananidzo - pedyo chimiro nyeredzi;

- kungava nzvimbo necrosis;

- upundu rikasauya rakachenuruka kana chinokutsimbirirai paro girazi kana kutambanudzira ganda pasi.

Kunyange kana pasina zviratidzo, chete zvisingambonzwisisiki mapundu akaonekwa kumashure mukuru tembiricha, uye hazvina kufanana kuti sema, ndiwo mukana kudana "amburenzi."

kwete sei "hove" yomumuzongoza kukireshi?

100% chirwere ichi hamungaponeswi. Asi kana hasha wemwana, usakanganwa pamusoro chokudzivirira yaunodya mavhitamini panguva inotonhora mwaka, pakarepo kutaura Laura chiremba kana zvirwere kana kuti chikosoro, madzihwa uye zvimwe zviratidzo SARS, zvinokwanisika kudzivirira meningococcal nasopharyngeal kumwe mberi. Kana akawanikwa mubindu meningococcal utachiona, zvakakodzera kubvunza ane zvirwere nyanzvi pamusoro prophylactic mishonga (zvichida zvine musoro kuti anunure chirimwa kusvikira nasopharynx). vakuru zvose zvinoitirwa zviratidzo SARS ari mwana kufamba chifukidzo.

Anopa zvikuru nechokwadi kubaya pamusoro meningococcus, izvo zvinogona kuitwa chete vana vakura kupfuura makore maviri, matatu nemana ose (zvichienderana mushonga). Pashure kubaya, kakawanda chete akacherechedza dzomunharaunda maitiro uye nefivhiri mumaawa 36 (nayo anotaura pamusoro paumbwe kutapata).

Kunyanya kuratidzwa kubaya vana vane zvinetso vachiberekwa vaine nechepakati tsinga, sezvo ivo vari kukireshi yomumuzongoza hwapedyo unowanzosangana.