Yakub Kolas: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Yakub Kolas, ane Biography yakazara nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, vakararama here zvakaoma chaizvo, asi zviri pasina mubvunzo inofadza upenyu. Munyori uyu akawana murume hunoshamisa zvechokwadi, kwete chete kumba, Belarus, asi vakavawo kuzivikanwa kwose.
Kolas Yakub Mihaylovich anonzi kuva muvambi itsva uye ano Belarusian tsika. Asi ive yakavhurika nationalist pfungwa munguva yake, aifanira kubhadhara mubhadharo zvakakwana. Uyu murume anenge matatu apfuura, akanga aipika jeri ari musungwa enyika.

Yakub Kolas -biografiya zvinoshamisa murume

vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti zita chairo kuti Belarusian munyori -Konstantin Mickiewicz. mabhuku avo uye kushanda munhu kusaina kuti rekunyepedzera, uye ndokusaka ari mabhuku nyika, akasvika pakuzivikanwa pasi vaifungidzira zita -Yakub Colas. Biography Nyanduri rakatanga duku Belarusian musha wainzi Akinchitsy. Akaberekwa musi 03.11.1882, mune zvake mhuri forester.

Kunenge kuti vabereki aigona ipapo vanofungidzira kuti kubva zvavo kakomana akanga achiedza kudzidza kuverenga nokunyora uye muduku aifarira kuverenga, kukura anozivikanwa Yakub Kolas. Biography rake zvikurukuru vasarudzirwa ndechokuti baba, ari nyore forester, akaita zvose zvaanogona kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti mwanakomana wake dzidzo yakakodzera. Zviri zvakare mukuru kukanganisa Jakobho akanga babamukuru vake -Anton. Kuti akakwanisa kudzidzisa ari mukomana rudo rukuru mabhuku.

Biography: Yakub Kolas -Getting dzidzo uye nokuratidzwa rokutanga tarenda

Muna 1883, mudetembi ramangwana nemhuri yake Lastok, apo akanga kupinda makirasi "vaifamba" mudzidzisi anonzi Ales Fursevich. Next Jakub akaramba zvidzidzo ake pana Nikolaevschinskoy chepuraimari chikoro. Zvaive munguva iyi kuti akava kufarira mabasa Gogol, Krylov, Pushkin, Nekrasov, NdiTolstoy uye Lermontov. Pazvipfuwo vadetembi mukuru mupfungwa mukomana akaita nhetembo dzake Janka Lucina. Muna 1892, Yakub Kolas, mufananidzo uko munyaya iyi, akanyoresa paruzhinji chikoro muna Nikolaev, uye pashure 2 years zvikuru zvinobudirira kudzidza.

chigadzirwa yaakatanga Colas akanyora pazera makore 12. Rainzi "Spring", uye muteereri kwendima iyi yokutanga akabereka Nyanduri -Mikhail Kazimirovich. Akanga saka akafara Ndima mwanakomana, kuti akanga basa iri Maltsev akataura Ruble, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva yakawanda chitsama.

Tanga okugadzira zvinhu Kolas

Muna 1898, jaya vakapinda Nesvizh mudzidzisi wacho zvechitendero, kwaakanga aishingaira akatanga kukura kwake mabhuku Biography. Yakub Kolas nemwoyo wose nechido kuverenga mabasa Mickiewicz, Dzhafarova, Gogol, Koltsov, Franco. Uyezve, zviri zvinonyatsoda ari Belarusian ngano, akadzidza ethnography uye wakanyorwa yemabviro Belarusians.

In zvakafanana, iye pachake ari kuedza kunyora mutauro wavo waamai. Zvikurukuru, nhetembo dzake uye prose vaiva hunhu uye upenyu huri nyore varimi dzokumaruwa, iyo kumbova nyore.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vechiduku munyori ari kuvanzwira tsitsi kufurirwa mumwe wevadzidzisi vake - Kudrinsky. Waanofarira basa rake, vazvione. yokuti zvikuru kukosha ndizvo magwaro akanyorwa Belarusian. kurumbidzwa kwakadaro kubva somunhu chete akasimbisa chido kuramba mabhuku basa Yakub.

Tanga kwekuratidzira

Ndapedza chikoro, wechiduku akapedza zvidzidzo mudzidzisi Polesie. Anoramba kuunganidza Belarusian ngano, akanyora mabasa avo pachavo nyika uye panguva imwecheteyo kokutanga vakajairana echimurenga mabhuku.

Yakub Kolas unotanga vachiitisa basa hurukuro vanhuwo zvavo, izvo ari kuedza kutaura kwavari kukosha kurwira kodzero dzavo. Kuva mumwe murume akadzidza, iye kunovabatsira zvakakodzera agadzirire chikumbiro omunharaunda Varidzi. Inoratidza kudiwa kupa voruzhinji kushandiswa mafuro uye madhamu. Kwakadaro mabasa aigona rwakaonekwa nezviremera, uye sechirango basa rakadai, nokukurumidza Mitskevitsa akatamisira kudzidzisa voruzhinji chikoro Verhmenskoe.

Asi kunyange ipapo, munyori hakugumiri Advocacy yavo. Muna 1906, aiva kuronga uye mutori wechikamu vadzidzisi 'Congress (pamutemo), iro nokushingaira chakakurukurwa kudiwa kwoutongi hwenyika tsarist hwechiKomonisiti. Chokwadi, Congress iyi yarega nemapurisa, uye Mickiewicz akanga kuferefetwa.

mabhuku First uye kusungwa

Kamwe asiri kudzidzisa, munyori anogamuchira chikumbiro anozivikanwa publicist A. Vlasov uye anotanga kushanda mupepanhau reThe "mugove wedu '. September 1, 1906 ari kubudisa imba kokutanga, pasi rekunyepedzera Yakub Kolas, Mickiewicz yakabudiswa ndima.

Panguva ino, tiri kuenderera mberi feya sangano vadzidzisi 'Congress, uye pamusoro Payakapera munyori vakatongerwa makore matatu ari mujeri. Kushumira mutongo mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru, anoramba kushanda. Paaiva mujeri, vakaedza kuranga nomukurumbira Konstantin Mitskevitsa, zviri kuramba akasimbisa uye kwakatosimba nyanduri-Patriot Kolas Yakub. Poems, mabhuku kuti zvakanyorwa navo panguva yevasungwa, pakupedzisira akava vanozivikanwa ake. It mujeri, mudetembi akaberekwa pfungwa achinyora mabasa vakakurumbira vakadai:

• "Songs kunyunyuta."
• "Nyika Itsva."
• "Symon-muimbi".

Mabasa aya vanokwanisa wokushandura pakuda, uye vakanga yakabudiswa pakadhindwa "Nasha niva". Kunyange ipapo, akateerera vatsoropodzi Russian uyo akaona pamberi mabasa Kolas uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika, Belarusian urudzi uye pachena tsika Humanism. Gorky pachake akapa yera simba unongotaura ichi chakanaka.

The-refu akamirirwa kusunungurwa Jacob

Asunungurwa, mukati mumakore maviri, munyori achidzidzisa Pinsk. Panguva iyi, akasangana mudzimai wake weramangwana - Mariey Kamenskoy, uye muna 1913 vakaroorana. In muchato uyu vaviri vakagara pamwe chete kwemakore anoda kusvika 30. Nguva iyi zvave chakaorera muupenyu Mickiewicz, akanyora chaizvo uye akakwanisa kumisa pacharo sezvo yakasimba pamusoro Belarusian munyori.

Kubatanidzwa muhondo

Pashure pakatanga Hondo Yenyika I nyanduri iye akanzi kupinda muuto Czar raMwari. Akagamuchira chinzvimbo warandi mukuru uye aishumira basa rake muna Perm. Next akatumirwa yeRomania mberi uye muchiuto muna 1917 nezvikonzero zvoutano. Nekuti akanga yakanaka mudzidzisi nedzidzo, iye aibvumirwa kuramba basa rake panzvimbo kugara muguta norunako uye mudzidzisi kushanda ikoko. Panguva ino akabudisa muunganidzwa wake nhetembo, izvo zvakajeka anzwike Anti-hondo dzedaro.

Pamutemo Nyanduri

Pashure pehondo, Yakub Kolas akagamuchira yakafara mukurumbira uye kuzivikanwa. Muna 1921 akadzokera Minsk, kwaakanga aishingaira anonyora, inobudiswa. Iye vaiita basa chesayenzi uye anoshanda somudzidzisi. Muna 1926 akanga paakavapa ari honorary wenyaya "mudetembi emarudzi Belarus." Makore maviri gare gare akasarudzwa sezvo mutevedzeri purezidhendi Academy of Sciences pakati BSSR. Nokuti muunganidzwa wake nhetembo, Mickiewicz akanga kaviri paakavapa USSR State Prize. Pashure peHondo Yenyika II, sezvo kushingaira mushandi, iye akasarudzwa kuva mutevedzeri Supreme vokuSoviet of Byelorussian SSR uye USSR. Uyezve, munyori akava honorary nhengo Academy, akanga kuzivikanwa anokudzwa mushandi nesayenzi. Jakub muupenyu hwake hwose akanga paakavapa dzakawanda Medals uye zvemaoresa.

emunyori rufu

Pasi pokutonga Soviet, vanyori vakawanda nationalist pfungwa kuwira pasi dzakateerera zvokuongorora kuti utongi miviri. Ndaiva asingasiyi uye Yakub Kolas. Awards wamakagamuchira kubva vakuru veSoviet vakanga vasingagoni kuponesa munyori chenguva dzose nokufungira, mibvunzo uye tsvakiridzo. Izvi vasanyanya zvikuru morale ake uye utano. Mudetembi akafa muna 1956 uye akavigwa yokumusha, muguta Minsk.