Vladimir Propp - Russian ngano. The Nhoroondo Midzi rungano. Russian umhare yakakura

Vladimir Propp - yakakurumbira musayendisiti, muongorori wokuRussia zvavo dzechembere. He akanyora yakasiyana ibasa philology. Nyanzvi Modern funga iye muvambi dzidziso acho.

vabereki philologist

Vladimir Propp - chizvarwa St. Petersburg, iye akaberekwa ari April 1895. zita rake chairo - German Voldemar. baba vake vaiva muzvinabhizimisi murimi mudiki kubva Volga nharaunda, chizvarwa Volgograd nharaunda. By nokudzidziswa akanga philologist, imwe nyanzvi mune Russian uye German mabhuku. Akapedza kudzidza kubva University of Petrograd.

baba Propp wakadzidzisa German vadzidzi muSt Petersburg mumayunivhesiti mutauro. Hondo Yenyika Rokutanga, akatora zvakananga chikamu mairi, kushanda sezvo yakarongeka uye munun'una tsitsi.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Mushure October Revolution, kwakabva mhuri yakatamira vanomboenda kurarama papurazi. Zvisinei, Vladimir Propp achishanyira vabereki nguva mashoma. Muna 1919, baba vake vakafa pashure pokurwara kwenguva refu. Vladimir akasvika mariro, uye ipapo akagara kwechinguva kushanda nyika kumaruwa. Kwete kuwana pachake ari murimi mudiki basa, akatora basa roudzidzisi mumusha Bare Karamysh, yaiva kure 70 chete kubva papurazi. Zvino guta Krasnoarmeysk muna Saratov mudunhu. Asi nokukurumidza, Vladimir Propp asi akadzokera Leningrad.

Muna 1929, mhuri Propp kuti kuvadzinga. Vose pfuma, chikuru muridzi iyo panguva yakanga mai vake - Anna Fridrihovna kuitira akapa kokupedzisira muna Stalin mupurazi rehurumende.

rokudzidzisa

Muna 1932, Propp anouya kushanda paYunivhesiti Leningrad, muna 5 makore akava mudzidzisi, uye muna 1938 muzvinadzidzo. It anoshanda panguva ino weDhipatimendi Romance uye ekuGermany Philology, Russian ngano uye mabhuku. Kubva 1963 kusvika 1964 yaaishandira pahofisi iri Kuita Musoro Department. Uyewo, anoda kusvika makore matatu achidzidzisa ari History Department, hurukuro yake vaiva kubudirira pane weDhipatimendi Ethnography uye Anthropology.

The Morphology of rungano

In Russian philology akapinda sezvo nemunyori mabhuku basa Vladimir Propp. "The Morphology pamusoro rungano" yakabudiswa muna 1928. Mairi munyori akaongorora muudzame nemamiriro zvemashiripiti mabasa. Izvi, zvichida, kudzidza Russian ngano iri XX remakore zvikuru nevanhu. Pabasa rake, Propp anoronga nyaya iri rokuti zvikamu uye anoongorora mafungiro neimwe kune mumwe. Kudzidza ngano, iye anoti mune rengano constants uye variables, kureva basa rokutanga yokusafa anokosha vatambi, uyewo kutevedzana umo izvi dzinotengeswa.

Izvozvo kuedza kutaura basa rake Vladimir Propp? "The Morphology pamusoro rungano" articulates akawanda anokosha zvokudya. Chekutanga, dzinokosha zvinoumba anoramba zvinhu zviri aumba. Vanoshumira mabasa kuti vatambi. Chechipiri, nhamba mashandiro ari nyaya ndekwokuda shoma. Chechitatu, ivo vose munguva iyoyo kutevedzana. Zvisinei, nguva dzose kwakadaro aripo chete nemabasa zvavo uye panguva zvidimbu hazvifaniri. Chechina, rengano vari zvakafanana mhando zvayo chivako. K variables Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp anorondedzera uwandu uye nzira iyo mabasa vari ichizadzika. Uyewo mitauro manyorerwo uye unhu hwake.

Mabasa ane rungano

Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp anoti mashandiro ari rungano pakupedzisira kuumba imwe sezvamunoita, shamhu yose Genre. Vakasiyana chete ari mashoko pebindu. Somugumisiro kukuru nesimba Propp rinozivisa 31 mabasa. Vose varipo vari Russian zvavo ngano. Vazhinji vavo dziri vaviri vaviri, Somuenzaniso, basa nguva dzose inoshora kwokurityora, kurwa - takunda, uye pashure kusunga chinhu fanira anofara retsono.

Uyewo kupinza nhamba pazvinhu wokuRussia rengano. Vanogara kupfuura 7. Propp Ava inokurukura chikuru hunhu, kuti chipembenene (ayo antipode), yatumira, nomupi mutevedzeri huru hunhu, muchindakadzi uye nhema gamba. Muchifunga zvose izvi, pakupedzisira Tinowana chaiwo chimedu kuti ane zita - Russian rungano. Propp anotirayira kuti vari shanduro dzose rungano.

rungano

Muna 1946, mukati Leningrad rokubudisa imba akabudisa imwe bhuku Propp - ". Historical Kwakabva imwe rungano" Mairi, iye rinowedzera kutsanangura pfungwa chinoitirwa ethnographer French mukupera XIX-mangwanani XX remakore Emilem Nurri. Maererano wake chevarwere dzechembere nezveruvara sakaramendi, izvo pasi huru mutambi, mune mamwe mazwi kudzidziswa. Chete hunhu ndiyewo nemamiriro ruzhinji Russian zvavo dzechembere.

Uyewo, kuongorora "nhoroondo Midzi rungano, Propp inokurukura nyaya prerequisites kukosha, achitarisa mabasa nezve evanhu masangano kare, ndiko rethinking pakati tsika zhinji. Russian ngano anoti huru basa ndiko kuona ndedzipi netsika zvinorondedzerwa ngano - kuti chaiyo Danho okukura munzanga, kana vari hakunei imwe nhoroondo kumwedzi.

mienzaniso initiations

The muenzaniso chaiwo, iyo inotungamira Propp - totemic kudzidziswa. Vaiva dzisingambosvikiki zvakakwana vakadzi, asi panguva imwe chete riri Russian rengano kudzidziswa kwakadaro kunoitika pamwe Baba-Yaga, akare muroyi, mumwe huru kunaka vanotaurwa kuti ngano. Saka, chimiro zvinoenderana pfungwa yacho Genesisi pamusoro tsika wokuRussia rengano. Baba Yaga mune iyi anoita se nokuendesa gamba.

Propp anogumisa kuti rengano havana nezveimwe nhoroondo kana tsika nguva. Styles uye zvinogara zviri ngano kuramba dhumhana uye kuwadzana mumwe. Izvi anoponesa chete chaiwo mifananidzo maitiro kuti ave chipo akawanda nhoroondo epochs.

Uchapupu kuti nyaya rakabva dzaiita zvokutaurwa tsika yapfuura kubva nomuromo chete Netsika kudzidziswa, ndiko kuti vavariro uye mashandiro akafanana vatambi vari yakasiyana zvachose tsika vanhu, kazhinji vanogara zviuru zvemakiromita voga.

Uyezve, sezvo uchapupu Propp anotaura mashoko pamusoro ethnography. sainzi ichi, naiyewo avepo. It unoratidza sei dzaiita zvokutaurwa tsika, kugashidzanwa kubva baba kumwanakomana, pakupedzisira akatora chimiro mune zvakanaka-yaizivikanwa ngano. Saka, kubva papfungwa idzi, anouya kwemamiriro pamusoro kubatana mavambo ose rengano dzose dzavanhu venyika. Muenzaniso unoshamisa pfungwa iyi inongova yokuRussia zvavo rengano.

Chimwe basa rinokosha ndiko kunzwisisa zvinorehwa Propp mu Russian philology - ". Russian mitambo okurima" In monograph iyi munyori rinoongorora ruzhinji necheSalvic mazororo, tsika nezvitendero, achiuya pakugumisa kuti vanenge vose vane zvokurima hunhu.

umhare yakakura

Muna 1955, Propp yakabudisa monograph vanoda "Russian umhare yakakura." Uyu anonakidza uye yepakutanga tsvakurudzo, izvo, zvisinei, zviri hakachadhindwi kwenguva pashure 1958. A-siyana muverengi basa rave richiwanika chete 2000s. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mukuru mabasa tichitarisa nemunyori. Uye vatsoropodzi vanoti hazvisi chete zvesainzi, asiwo patsika. Zvakanga kukamura uchishandisa panguva, saka anoramba nhasi.

"Russian umhare paakaita" - tikaenzanisa zvaidiwa yakakura akasiyana eras, tsanangudzo Kuongorora epics. Somugumisiro, munyori anouya mhedziso kuti hwaro mabasa awa - kurwira nevatambi vanhu pakunamata. A pachena kuchiitwa yakakura mabasa - mweya yavo nyika uye hunova vavariro edzidzo.

Vanyori vanhu bhizimisi iri paakaita mabasa anokosha - dzetsika, zvavo yakakura. Izvi ndizvo zvakananga kuratidzwa tsika hana nzanga iyo yakanga zvakasikwa. Propp anotirayira kuti hwaro epics National havasi vatorwa asi chete mudzimba nyaya uye ngano.

Chimwe chinokosha epos - nhetembo yake. Nemhaka nayo, uye zvinobva mubereko oneka vateereri uye vaverengi chero Hazvizivikanwi dzidzo. Mupfungwa yakakura, Epic vanhu - chinhu chinokosha kwayo munhoroondo. Epics dzinomirira manzwiro yomukati vanhu, chido chavo kuti vararame pachena, tisingatungamirirwi uye vachifara.

Propp monograph ambotirega rakada kuzivana paakaita nemabasa, kubvira kare. zvisinganzwisisiki nguva zvose zvinotsanangurwa zvizere.

mabasa Major

Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, pakati zvikuru mabhuku mabasa Vladimira Proppa, vaongorori kudoma monograph "Russian rungano", yakabudiswa chete muna 1984, rimwe nehafu emakore pashure yemunyori rufu.

Tinofanirawo kuziva ibasa "ngano uye Reality" yakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi "Science" muna 1989, rakabudiswa muna 1999th zviri muMoscow kubudiswa imba "Labyrinth." Uyezve, akasunungurwa shanduro "Zvinetso mutambo uye kuseka. Ritual kuseka ari ngano." basa iri inopa hwakadzama uye kwazvo Kuongorora nengano Nesmeyanov yokupora mabhuku dudziro.

Panoperera upenyu

Propp Vladimir Yakovlevich (1895-1970) - chinoshamisa musayendisiti-philologist, miteva, uyo panguva hwake aiva zvakawanda zvokuita uye ichiri kunzi kupfuura uye kupfuura yakavimbika mutsvakurudzi wokuRussia rengano. mabasa ake, uye monographs zviri kumayunivhesiti, mabhuku vatsoropodzi muvabvise sepokutangira paakasika pachako tsvakurudzo yako uye dissertations. Vladimir Propp akararama upenyu hwake hwose ari Leningrad. Akafa muna St. Petersburg pazera makore 75 okuberekwa August 22, 1970. Shure akabva vazhinji vadzidzi uye vateveri, izvo zvichiri kukosheswa uye vakarangarira nokubudirira ake. Pakati pavo: Cherednikova, Shakhnovich uye Becker.