Vladimir Odoyevski: Anoshanda nokuda Genre, poetics dzavo

Russian mabhuku okupedzisira remakore kuchengetedza kuzvibereko mazita akawanda matarenda vadetembi nevanyori. Odoevskogo anoshanda - mumwe wavo - vane mubereko ikozvino. upenyu hwaAbhigairi ake Ngano, munhu utopian yokufungidzira "4338 gore: St. Petersburg tsamba," muunganidzwa "usiku Russian" ichakurukurwa munyaya.

periodization kuti okugadzira zvinhu

munyori basa inokamukana conditionally zvikamu zvitatu - zvichienderana nzvimbo apo akasika Odoyevski anoshanda. Rokutanga "Moscow" Danho kuchiratidzwa ake kuita denderedzwa "Lyubomudry" uye mimwe rezvipfuwo. Kamwe muna 1826 Odoyevski akatamira St. Petersburg, akatanga itsva nguva basa rake, zvibereko chaizvo. Munyori akabudisa kuunganidza inoverengeka Ngano, ndiye akafadza kuverenga kunyange ikozvino, pashure anenge makore 200. Chechipiri "Moscow" Danho segwapa "usiku Russian" nokuumba Odoyevsky - mabasa ake yakanakisisa, uye anoshanda ari mumhanzi.

"Colorful Fairytales"

Odoyevski mabasa avo vanenge akarongwa zvishwe. Saka, kutanga "Motley Tales", munyori akashanda zvakafanana pamusoro dzakaunganidzwa "Madhouse", yakatsaurirwa dingindira penya kupenga. Muitiro cyclization kunogona kutsanangurwa zvimwe pezvakaitwa Russian mabhuku nguva idzodzo tinoberekwa. Zvadaro, mukuvamba 30s, muchiedza akabuda "Belkin" uye "manheru ari Farm pedyo Dikanka", iro raiva nemamwe hapana pane kutenderera. Dzidziso pamusoro Pushkin kunokonzera uye kunzwisisa nhoroondo gadziriro "Motley rengano." Abstract Odoevskogo kuti chigadzirwa (kana okutanga) anotanga mufananidzo wacho narrator - Irenaeus Modestovich Gomozeyko. Kusiyana zvichibatanidzwa Ivan Petrovich Belkin, kuti narrator mu "dzechembere Motley" anotaurwa autobiographical zvinhu. Zvadaro, achaedza pamusoro basa rimwe "mabhuku kaviri", akamirira uyo munyori achava kuitisa Nhaurirano kugamuchira webato - muverengi.

Chirahwe "kuguta snuffbox"

Kutaura zvazviri, munyori akanga ari piyona ari Genre nokunyora mabhuku rengano, aida kuti verenga pakutanga mwana. Muna 1834, kwakanga zvichida akanga akakurumbira kupfuura basa Odoevskogo - "guta riri snuffbox". Zano iri nyore: Baba anoratidza mukomana Misha mumhanzi bhokisi, mumwe snuffbox. Mwanakomana anoda kuziva sei akunoita, vouta izvozvo (iye, nenzira, zvinokwanisika, kana munhu unokwezva mukomana-bhokisi chigunwe). Michael akasangana vagari veguta - sando uye mabhero - uye paakamuka kunzwisisa musimboti nokushanda vawana gizmos. With vose vayo romubati dhigirii sechinhu chinofadza zvakaedza vabudirire mubatanidzwa pathos inodzidzisa uye yokunyepera. The chikuru Pfungwa basa - kuti vabvume kuti muverengi kuti mwana anofanira kudzidza kufunga, kuongorora, zvakakodzera kudzidzisa mwana wake chido zivo.

"Usiku Russian"

Genre rakabudiswa muna 1844, "usiku Russian" Zvakaoma chaizvo kuziva. Kazhinji basa iri Odoevskogo sokuva muunganidzwa nyaya vaitakura mutambi kwouzivi. Vari zvakazara akaratidza pfungwa yake chitarisiko kwenyika, nzira iyo Russia ine kuenda. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Bhuku "usiku Russian" akanga agadzirwa naMwari nokusimbisa Odoevskogo zvakavanzika sayenzi chaiwo - masvomhu, physiology uye zvepfungwa uyewo uzivi.

Panguva iyoyowo, munyori anoramba ugone kutaura chokwadi. Kufanana Voltaire, anoisa pfungwa kupinda succinct mifananidzo philosophicity Anovanzira dzinonakidza zano. Saka Odoyevski chivakwa anoshanda yose okusika. Zano inotenderera dzakaunganidzwa vanoverengeka nevechiduku vari kuenda kuva shamwari yakawiriranwa, rinonzi Faust. Ikoko kukurukura nhoroondo, vachiedza kunzwisisa mitemo evanhu kuvapo, uye dawo zvakavanzika nyika. Basa riri kusiyaniswa intellectualism, iyo rinosvika vaifanira mu dzeurongwa rokusika muitiro. Muchiitiko chino, kubudikidza Odoyevsky kuzadzisa mashandiro ari Meta-mutauro: unyanzvi nyaya art. Saka, wokuRussia munyori rokutanga yezana remakore rapfuura Zvinoshamisa pedyo akazotevera zvakaitika vanyori remakore rechimakumi maviri (zvichireva zvikurukuru ungwaru enganonyorwa Thomas Mann).

Dialogism "usiku Russian" - ndizvo akanamatirana Odoyevski. Mabasa inoiswa kwacho, sezvo kana kutya kupa mhinduro zvachose kuti tira kuti i. Asi, muverengi akagadzirira kupinda yokufungidzira, raizoshanda. Izvi "usiku Russian" vari pedyo mabasa nevamwe vanyori - sydäntä uye Belinsky - zvikuru zvisingatarisirwi, ndinofanira kutaura, akapa kusiyana kwavo aesthetic nemunhu.

"4338 gore" somunhu utopian yokufungidzira

Maviri emakore akapfuura imwe kometi kuva white aita yakawanda ruzha. Zvaidavirwa kuti mushure kunyange acharwisana kunyange pechiso Earth. Vamwe mabasa Odoevskogo akaratidza izvi "musoro kometi," pakati pavo - the utopian yokufungidzira "4338 gore: St. Petersburg tsamba," izvo, zvinosuruvarisa yakasiyiwa konekwa. Munyori inoratidza nyika kuburikidza makore 2500, apo kukura vanhu kuchaita kuti kuponesa pasi kubva kuchiuya kometi. The chigadzirwa rine prognostic zviri ingano uye utopian yokufungidzira; munyori anofungidzira remangwana chimiro zvigadzirwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira Indaneti. Zvisinei, vanhu anoratidzwa kwete uyewo zvinoita sokuti: kuramba sefungu mashoko asinganzwiri nyasha uropi hwomunhu reserves. Pakuva ichichinja kuita dystopia, kuti kusuma Genre izvi akazotevera zvinyorwa (kunyanya mu "City pasina zita").