Vanha Oskol: kwevanhu. Kuwanda vanogara mu vanha Oskol

Muna Belgorod nharaunda iri guta kujairika zvaitika - vanha Oskol. Zvinofadza kuti kwayo zvoupfumi kugadzikana uye wevanotungamirira zviratidzo. Tichakurukura nezvamai chii madhorobha vanhu vanha Oskol, mamiriro ezvinhu umo vanhu kurarama uye chii zvakavanzika inogona kuenderera kukura ugari ichi.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Kumaodzanyemba Central Russian Upland, pamahombekombe erwizi Oskol uye akawanda rechibharo ayo, ndiro guta rekare vanha Oskol. Population pano anorarama kwenguva refu, iyo nyasha yakaorera dema ivhu. The guta iri guru chikomo panguva confluence, vanha Oskol uye nenzizi. Mundima kugarwa ine makomo yakawanda zvikomo uye nenzizi duku ruchiyerera munzvimbo huru mvura tsinga kweguta. The Old Oskola ndiye 134 sq. km ari kukwira pamusoro pegungwa -. 150 M The agglomeration rweguta unotora 17 vokumaruwa misha guru nharaunda, Belgorod, zvinonzi akaparadzaniswa nevanhu 153? km.

Climate

The guta riri mapazi ose nepakati Continental okunze ane zvakarurama nounyoro uye chando chakanyanyisa uye kuchipisa yechirimo. It yagara dzakashandisa mamiriro okunze munharaunda dzavo uye kudzidza pundutso kuita kurima riri dema pasi nevhu munzvimbo ezvinhu kungogaroita kwemvura uye inopisa mhepo vomunzvimbo yacho. Vanha Oskol Kazhinji ane mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka muupenyu. Zuva rikasabuda anenge 2 zviuru zvemaawa pagore avhareji nhamba precipitations pagore riri 400 600 mm. Winter muguta kunobva pamugumo November, kunyange zvazvo pakutanga chando vanowiswa muna October. It rinopera yechando mwaka muna March. Avhareji tembiricha iri munzvimbo kubvisa 5-8 madhigirii January. Summer muna vanha Oskol anotanga mukupera May uye rinovapo kusvikira mid-September. The Hottest mwedzi - July, kana lämpömittari achisimuka neavhareji pamwero 22 Celsius. The driest mwedzi wegore - August. Spring uye mumatsutso mune pfupi uye imhute pamwe zvikuru yakawanda kunonaya.

Check History

Nechekare munguva dzekare, pamberi inotungamirwa Kievan Rus, munyika yacho Central Russian Upland akararama uye Vaidzungaira zhinji madzinza Pave sezvamunoita. Vanha Oskol, vanhu zvatiri kufunga, kutanga anotaurwa yaMakoronike kunze 13-14 emakore. Zvino paiva yokugara pamakona, iro nhasi ndiyo imwe nzvimbo muguta. Idzi panguva zvaiva Duchy pakati Lithuania nomuganhu mazambuko pfungwa dzaiva pamusoro miganhu Golden Horde. Gare gare, Ivan Grozny yakatora nyika umambo Russian akaraira munzvimbo ino kuti vavakire nhare dzokurwa kudzivirira pamusoro Mongol vachirwisa. Muna 1593 pano pakava yokugara, ainzi pashure rwizi womunharaunda Oskol. Pano kugadzirisa Cossacks kudzivirira kumaodzanyemba kumuganhu Yababa. City zvakanaka kukurumidza kukura, kunyanya muzana remakore rechi17, apo nyika runozununguswa yokutambudzika, asi pano pane rugare uye nyasha. Muna 1655, guta wakaunganidza zita rayo ano, sezvo munzvimbo akaonekwa Novy Oskol. izvozvo awana mamiriro woruwa mumusha pashure kwechinguva. Vanha Oskol ane refu umhare nhoroondo mumakore hondo munyika, haana kumira pakachengeteka ichimirira uye zvakarurama ndakawana musoro City Military Kubwinya. Sezvo 60s anotanga kukurumidza zvoupfumi ikure nharaunda uye guta. Pano isu kuvaka hombe maindasitiri mabhizimisi akawanda, izvo zvichaita kuti pave kuenderera uye chinhanho muguta.

The simba zvokuwedzera

Monitoring uwandu vagere muguta inotanga muna 1737. Ipapo akararama vanhu 9000. Mumakore akatevera, vanha Oskol, iyo ine vagari nenguva richibuda uye anowira, kusangana nguva dzakasiyana. Asingasviki makore 40, nhamba vagari kunowedzera ne 2,5 nguva, uye anotanga kuti kusviba. izvi zvose zvinotungamirira yokuti muna 1889, vanha Oskol, uyo vakawanda zvinoratidza unopinza nokufamba, anodzokera uwandu vagere vanhu 9000. Izvi zvakateverwa rimwezve kumwedzi multidirectional oscillations, izvo kwakaguma muna 1959 gore. Zvadaro, vemo 27.4 zviuru vanhu. Mumakore akatevera 10 makore vanhu nekaviri vanha Oskol. Muna 1975 pano paitova 82 zviuru vagari. By pakutanga perestroika muguta 173 000 vanhu vakanga akanyorwa. Kusiyana nezvimwe kumatunhu munyika dzakawanda, vanha Oskol rinoratidza kuchinja mumakore vachiwana kuwedzera kwevanhu. zvishomanana kuderera kwenhamba vagari chete yaiitwa muna 2012 uye 2014. Nokuti 2016 zvakanaka rinomutsa rakadzorerwa, uye nhasi 222 000 vanhu vanogara pano. Munguva yose mumaguta nzvimbo vanha Oskol kumba vanopfuura zviuru 400 vanhu.

Demographics

Vanha Oskol, ane vakawanda ari kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, riri pakati pamaguta avo, apo kuberekwa mwero akatsiga mberi mwero wokufa kwevanhu, kunyange kwete zvikuru. Munguva yokutambudzika, kuberekwa mwero aregedza zvishoma, asi yepanyama kwouwandu hwevanhu anoramba kuratidza zvakanaka muitiro. The hunotarisira achigara muguta upenyu haana kumbosiyana zvikuru kubva zvinonyatsorehwa kuita munyika uye makore 70 okuberekwa ane tsika kuwedzera. Zvisinei, pasi kuberekwa rates kuwedzera upenyu anotarisirwa kukonzera matambudziko akadai ari kukwegura kwevanhu. Mumakore achangopfuura, mamiriro ezvinhu inoputswa zvishoma, chikoro-zera vana achikura, asi wevanotungamirira mutoro pamusoro anobatwa zera vemo achiri kumusoro. Vanha Oskol tsindirana guta rine hwakanyatsorwisa yakakwirira nevanhu arambe achirema - vanhu 111 paminiti mativi kiromita. ? km. Pane tsika kuwedzera miganhu yeguta, inokura nokuda rokutora misha pedyo.

Economy uye basa

Taundi rine zvakanaka maindasitiri chawo, kuri muna 60-ies remakore rechi20. Pano kushanda emakambani makuru akadai Electrometallurgical Plant, iyo inoshandirwa vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 20, Stoilensky Mining uye Processing Plant (6 zviuru. Workers), metallurgia michina chirimwa, mumwe samende chirimwa, motokari chirimwa, uye makambani makuru anenge 30. Uye guta riri kukura uye kukura basa zvekutepfenyura uye zvokutengeserana, ishande emakambani chiedza uye zvokudya Mazinga. Vanha Oskol ndiye aitungamirira nharaunda tichitarisa kugadzirwa. The yokugara akasika kwezvivako chakanaka dzakabudirira upenyu-chokufambisa network, uye richikurukura chinokosha munzanga Enterprises. Kushanda-zera vagari vanha Oskol anokwanisa kuwana basa rine mari yakanaka. Zviratidzi kwemabasa muguta hakusi chete chepasipasi munharaunda, asi mumwe yakadereresa munyika (0,9%).