Vagere mugungwa (ona mufananidzo). Marine zvisikwa Dangerous. Tsvaga chii makungwa kune Sharks, hove huru uye Dolphins

Chakavanzika agara kukwezvwa uye dzinokwezva murume. World Ocean pakadzika kare zvakurukurwa inoshamisa hwaJehoshafati ngwena uye Neptune. Nyaya nenyoka uye Squid kukura chikepe akamanikidzwa ndizvipete zvikuru ruzivo vezvikepe. Kujairika uye dzinonakidza vagere mugungwa ichakurukurwa nesu munyaya ino.

Tichataura pamusoro hove ngozi uye zvinoshamisa, uyewo rwehofori akafanana Sharks uye hove huru. Verenga pamusoro, uye chinoshamisa nyika womumvuri-gungwa vagari ichava zvakajeka kwauri.

zvomugungwa

Mvura pamusoro rinotaura nzvimbo yakakura kupfuura nyika. Nyika zhinji yakadzika akafukidza vanopfuura chiuru chimwe zvakavanzika zvinokwezva vasayendisiti uye adventurers. Nhasi tinoziva chete chikamu mhuka kurarama mumvura mbiru.

Munyaya ino tichashandisa muchidimbu kubata pamusoro zvinofadza zvikuru chokuita zvomugungwa. Uchadzidza sei yakadzika-gungwa chinoratidza tsvimbo hove pahuma ane furashiraiti. You tinyatsoziva dzakasiyana-siyana Sharks uye vanoziva kuti mhuka vashomanana kukuisa ngozi kune vanhu.

Vamwe hove megungwa kuchaitawo waongororwa nesu. Photos yemhuka idzi kujairika inoyeuchidza Fauna of tarenda zvepasi Hollywood mafirimu. Kunyange zvakadaro, izvi ndizvo vagari chaiye penyanza pamusoro Nyika.

Saka, kushanya kwedu inotanga kudzokorora zvinouraya mhando hove mumakungwa uye nyanza.

Dangerous gungwa vagari

Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka zvomumvura. Usati kubata mhuka huru, dzakadai Dolphins, Sharks uye hove huru, tine vagere gungwa ngozi ichakurukurwa.

The chikuru chinokonzera rufu nomuchetura ari usina kufukidzwa dhaivha muchetura, kwete shark kurwisa, zvingaita sezvinoshamisa.

Chinonyanya zvinouraya zvinobvira kungodudza zvishomanana mhando hove. Ichi hove-ibwe, fugue, mbizi hove (kana hove-shumba), stingray, moray eels uye barracuda. The nhatu dzokutanga zvinokuvadza chaizvo. The mvura iri yakatesvera panyanga dzacho dzavo chiito kunokonzera tsinga nevamiririri. Scat anogona kuuraya munhu akarova pfupa kana munondo muswe ano apo achisiya mumwe mumiririri magetsi chimiro. Moray muramba uye barracuda zvisinganyanyi ngozi, asi kunogona kuvhiringidza gumbo kana ruoko dhaivha wacho aine hove diki uye chikonzero kwetsika. Pasina rubatsiro kwakakodzera munhu kazhinji asingadi kurarama.

Uyewo mungozi yakavanda crevices wamatombo pasi anamasumbu algae. Zviri musha hove kwete chete ichangobva kutaurwa, asiwo hove chinyavada, lionfish, uye synanceia puffer. mhuka idzi hazvikuvadzi, uye vokutanga havana kuva kurwiswa. Asi pano neapo kutsamwa zvinogoneka nokuda hanya ikabatwa. Chokwadi kuti vari camouflaged kwazvo uye zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva dzakapoteredza nzvimbo. Tichifunga izvi akataura siyana kushambira vaviri vaviri kana mumapoka, asi kwete chete. Panguva chiitiko pakarepo Kushatiswa utano uye jekiseni hwobva simuka pemvura uye kutsvaka zano zvokurapa.

Munyaya uchaona mapikicha zvomugungwa. Izvi zvichava hofori uye dwarfs, kujairika anglers uye hove sezvo Brawn.

Sharks

Vagari vakawanda ngozi zhinji - shark. Masayendisiti nhasi ane marudzi anopfuura mazana mana namakumi mashanu. Uchashamisika, asi pane zvishomanana vamiririri zvikara izvi. Somuenzaniso, nemhenderekedzo Colombia uye Venezuela anorarama yakadzika rehove Etmopterus perryi, ane kureba masendimita anenge maviri.

Mhando chikuru rehove shato huru, izvo zvinogona kusvika mamita makumi maviri pakureba. Kusiyana yakatotsakatika Megalodon, hachisi chikara. Zvokudya Its rinosanganisira Squid, hove diki uye plankton.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti rehove haasi maitiro rehove dzinoshambira dundira. Kubva izvi siyana mune warwo nenzira. Somuenzaniso, jecha rehove kuwana mhepo mudumbu nokusika hazvimo kufanana muviri. Most dundira pane kushandisa chiropa. Ikoko, rehydrogen rinoungana squalene, riri nyore zvakakwana.

Uyezve Sharks muri mapfupa chiedza chaizvo uye shwashwa. Izvi inowana munhu kwazvakarerekera buoyancy. The zororo akasikwa nokuda kuramba kufamba. Saka, vakawanda kwemarudzi vari zvishomanana hope.

Kazhinji vanhu vanobvunza chii ari rehove muGungwa Dema anogona kurwisa vanhu. Mhinduro iri nyore. In dziva ichi pane mhando mbiri chete - spiny dogfish (makwapa spiny dogfish) uye stsillium (katsi). Both akasiyana vari vakachengeteka zvakakwana.

Vanogona kusangana chiso nechiso chete siyana, asi kunyange ipapo chete kutyisidzirwa chinovapo kana ukaedza kubata katrana maoko. It ane chepfu spines paganda. Havazosimudzirani kundorwa, nokuti vanhu vakawanda vavo. Kureba marudzi aya anoda kubatsira vanenge mumwe mita.

Umo makungwa vari Sharks

ruzivo urwu hazvirevi kuvhiringidza vaya vari kuenda rwendo. Vashanyi kazhinji vanofarira mubvunzo, umo yamakungwa vari Sharks. Kazhinji, mafaro uyu anokonzerwa nehanya kwavo vakachengeteka. Kutaura zvazviri, shark kurwisa munhu - chiitiko isingawanzowanikwi zvakakwana.

Statistics vanoti mhuka chete mashomanana Sharks dzinorwisa vanhu. Uye chikonzero kazhinji kuti hove havanzwisisi, uyo pamberi paro. Kutaura zvazviri, nenyama yevanhu hairevi akasarudzwa zvibereko chikara ichi. Studies vanoti, dzichiruma payo, rehove kazhinji akasvipira mumwe shure, nokuti hairevi vysokozhirnoy zvokudya iye anoda.

Saka, zvakadini makungwa vanogona kuva mahombekombe panopinda zvikara ngozi? Izvi ruzhinji kumiganhu enzvimbo zvakananga mumakungwa. Somuenzaniso, Gungwa Dzvuku, gungwa kuEast ari Far nevamwe.

Zvikuru ngozi ina chete mhando rehove - whitetip, ingwe, roundnose uye chena. Okupedzisira maviri kupfuura zvinouraya. White rehove - mumwe zvikara simba kupfuura. Inogona kunzwa kuderera ropa chinhambwe makiromita mashanu uye vanoverevedza kusvikira akuvara. Zvose izvi nokuda chaizvo ruvara, zvinoita asingaoneki pachiso.

Ghana, Tanzania uye Mozambique, maererano ndibatsireiwo nenhamba vanonzi nyika dzakawanda ngozi tichitaura shaki kurwiswa. Maererano pamutemo data, izvi zvinosanganisira Brazil, Australia neNew Zealand, USA uye South Africa.

MuMediterranean, kupfuura ngozi kwemarudzi chipo whitetip uye ingwe shark. hove izvi zvinogona kushambira kubva gungwa muGungwa Dzvuku. North Sea uye Gungwa Dema uye Gungwa Azov, wakachengeteka zvakakwana mashoko kurwiswa vanhu kubudikidza Sharks.

Whale mhando

Most Vagari makuru egungwa - shato huru. To musi, pasinei dzavo chaizvo kukura uye zvakakwana guru Nhamba yevanhu vanogara kwemarudzi insufficiently aidzidza mhuka. Gore negore kuitika chaisatarisirwa kuwanikwa zvirevo zvitsva kana chaiwo tsika.

Panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti vanoziva anenge masere mhando hove huru. Vaverengi Hapana mubvunzo kuti kufarira kuziva kuti dzepedyo hama mhuka iri mvuu. Uyezve, pakutanga hove huru vaigara panyika uye vakanga zvinetsoka hoofed. Vaongorori vanoti kuti baba ava mvura Hofori vakaburukira anenge mamiriyoni makumi mashanu apfuura.

Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu kusiyanisa mapoka matatu cetaceans - toothed, baleen, uye ikozvino yakatotsakatika yekare hove huru. Boka rokutanga zvinosanganisira marudzi ose Dolphins, dzisingaoneki hove huru uye porpoises. Vane Mbeswa. Vakaguta cephalopods, hove uye zvomumvura mhuka dzakadai zvisimbiso fur seal.

Baleen hove huru, kusiyana vaimbova, vasina meno. Asi, ivo inoiswa pamuromo ndiro, nani kuzivikanwa pasi zita "baleen". Kuburikidza ichi kuvakwa mhuka zvaunoswedera mumvura ine hove diki kana plankton. Zvokudya yakasvinwa panze, uye mvura iri vabudiswa kuburikidza buri muchimiro yakakurumbira tsime.

Izvi mhuka huru. The kupfuura baleen ndiyo ruvara whale. uremu Its inosvika zana matani matanhatu, uye kureba - makumi matatu mamita. Vatsvakurudzi Total ane marudzi gumi. Ichi zvitema, kuchena, pfupi, humpback, kumaodzanyemba bowhead hove huru, anoti, zenze hove huru uye vaviri subspecies.

Sezvaunogona kuona, gungwa navageremo mubatirire anonakidza zvakavanzika zhinji. Ngatione kupi Hofori idzi dzinowanikwa.

Umo makungwa zvinowanikwa hove huru

Vakwasvi vanoti shato huru gungwa - akafanana nzou iri China chitoro. For Hofori izvi vanowanzotevedzera Surf pakadzika munyanza. Chete neapo vanoonekwa vari kure negungwa mumakungwa, inokwanisika kupinda shoma uye Inter-chitsuwa.
Mhuri hove huru, dzakadai humpback hove huru, zvitema, zenze, minke uye anoti shato huru, vanosarudza kuramba mumakungwa wokuchamhembe latitudes. Chikonzero maitiro ichi ndechokuti zvakawanda wokumaodzanyemba mumvura, vakabatirira kwavari tupukanana siyana uye remora.

Somuenzaniso, shato huru inda anogona kukonzera ulcerated maronda muviri yavaRefaimu izvi.
Pakati hove huru ndiyo wo vanhu - vakawanda vaigara yamakungwa.

Zita mvura yavanofanira kushambira, zvinotevera: White, Barents, Zimbabwe, Sea Norwegian uye Baffin Island muAtlantic Ocean uye chukchi - iri Pacific Ocean.

Blue whale anozivikanwa kufambidzana mu mhando ina. North uye zasi mhando yayo vanogara chando mumakungwa dzazvinogara hemispheres, uye Pygmy uye Indian zvinoodza kurarama munyika dzinopisa latitudes. Nokuda chaizvo kuti Whaling mhuka iyi pakati remakore rechimakumi maviri akanga rakapotsa aparadzwe. Muna 1982 akatanga ataure moratorium. Nhasi kune vanenge zviuru gumi vanhu munyika.

Saka, hove huru, kufanana Dolphins, mapikicha izvo zvichakurukurwa gare gare, zvinowanika anenge zvose mumakungwa uye zviratidzo zvinoendesa kune makungwa. In kure negungwa Mvura akadai muMediterranean uye Red makungwa, havaiti kushambira mupfungwa kushaya kudzika uye kushaya zvokudya zvakakodzera.

marudzi Dolphins

Pasina mubvunzo, kupfuura dzakakurumbira uye ushamwari nevenyama gungwa ndivo Dolphins. Photos of mhuka idzi zvichakurukurwa gare gare.

To musi, pane anenge makumi mana marudzi. Gumi vavo zviri mumvura Russian.

Kana iwe kugovera zvisikwa izvi gungwa pamusoro pazororo, zvinoitika asangana mufananidzo anonakidza. Kune mavara, kuchena, vatema, uye Malaysian, irvadiyskie, humpback uye mafungu-toothed Dolphin. Pane humpback, dlinnoklyuvye, besklyuvye, brachycephalic uye protodelfiny. Izvi zvinosanganisira hove huru, diki uye zvipfupi hove huru uye bottlenose Dolphins.

Zvikurukuru, ndicho chechipiri maonero chinonyanya kusimudzirwa mumabhuku uye cinema. With yakakwirira fungidziro vagari ne "Dolphin" shoko vanoyeuka mumiririri rudzi urwu.

Asi kwete Dolphins zvose - gungwa vagere. Kune mhando ina rwizi. Vari ne murombo chiratidzo uye simba Akash. Saka, mhuka idzi vava kuda kutsakatika.

Somuenzaniso, Amazon rwizi Dolphin ine blue ruvara uye marudzi Indian vaiona dzvene. zvisikwa izvi zvinoshamisa vanogarawo Ganges, wokuChina nzizi uye La Plata.

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro chitarisiko remhuka, dzinomutevera kunogona kutaurwa. Vanogona kuwana kureba mamita maviri, ari pectoral zvimbi - anenge makumi matanhatu, uye shure - kusvika makumi masere masendimita pakureba.

Uwandu meno Dolphins hakusi kwechigarire. It zvichisiyana zana mazana maviri. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pane zvakakwana mapoka makuru mhuka idzi, kusvikira zviuru zvinoverengeka.

A shoma zvinoshamisa zvine chokuita Dolphins. pfungwa dzavo vanenge mazana matatu magiramu kunorema kupfuura munhu. Paro kaviri convolutions. Vanokwanisa urombo, uye avo "Dictionary" rine ruzha anosvika zviuru gumi akasiyana. Anonongedzera vari Akash (nokuti dzidziso) uye kukurukurirana.

Man anoshandisa mhuka idzi norugare (dzinovaraidza kurapa), uye uto (vasabatwa ezvimbambaira, kamikaze nokuti Ngarava dzepasi pemvura) zvinangwa.

Umo makungwa zvinowanikwa Dolphins

vangani makungwa munyika, saka nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana mhando Dolphins. Asi avo dungwerungwe haringorevi mvura miviri kwakadaro. Vanorarama nomunzizi uye pakachena munyanza.

Mhando Dolphins zvinosiyana zvichienderana tembiricha egungwa. Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe latitudes kutonhora kurarama vanonzi vamiririri "kuchamhembe". Izvi zvinosanganisira beluga uye narwhal, kana gungwa dzenyati.

The mhenyu yokutanga munzvimbo hapana zvachose chando viomak. Havakwanisi kupinda pakukora ari nechando mvura. Munguva yechando belugas tama kumaodzanyemba muGungwa reBaltic kana Gungwa Japan. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti marudzi ichi zvirege kubva mweya kwemaminitsi anopfuura gumi, saka havaiti kunyura chaizvo. Sezvo beluga uye kwete kusvetukira mumhepo sezvo wokumaodzanyemba hama. Kufema buri Vanotarisira kuti akafuka goko echando kunyange panguva kuti fema.

Narwhals zvakawanda dzakashandisa kuchamhembe ezvinhu. Musinga ravakanga makadanirwa dzenyati iri riite zino mumwe. Kazhinji zviri varume, kazhinji kurutivi rworuboshwe, kunyange pane tusks maviri.

Narwhal nyanga punchi buri chando kuti unarmed vakadzi uye vana vayo vaigona kufema. Saka vanoramba nemombe.

Zvisinei, vakawanda kumaodzanyemba mhuka. Photos of mhuka idzi akashongedzwa Logos zhinji, kudzokororwa mumaindasitiri siyana. Vamiririri inodziya mumakungwa Dolphins starred ari firimu, ivo vayemurwe vashanyi. Uyewo, mhuka idzi dzinoshandiswa kuti mushonga.

Vanogona kuwanikwa chero mugungwa kubva unozvidzora latitudes kusvika neequator. Asi chinonyanya akakurumbira ndiye Atlantic bottlenose Dolphin. Ivo kusvika mamita mana pakureba, vapedzei anenge gumi namashanu makirogiramu ehove zuva. Nyore yakadzidziswa, non-hasha, nekusiyana, ushamwari chaizvo.

Musiyano mukuru pakati Oceanic Dolphins kubva kugungwa - mune ukuru kunyudzwa uye kukwanisa kuenda pasina okisijeni kwenguva yakareba.

Mashiripiti nyika kweGungwa Dema

Zvino tichava kubata pamusoro Fauna of rimwe zvinofadza zvikuru makungwa ose redu. Ichi Sea Black. It ane kunonyanyisa kureba kubva kumabvazuva kusvikira kumavirira, 1150 makiromita, uye kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba - 580? Km. Specificity of dziva Hwakadzika kupfuura kuti mazana maviri metres hakurevi kusangana chimwe chipenyu muviri, kunze anaerobic utachiona. Chokwadi kuti mberi kune pasi, mvura kwazvo nomuti rehydrogen sulfide.

Naizvozvo hove mupenyu muGungwa Dema, musoro akaturikidzana vanosarudzwa kana pasherefu apo demersal marudzi dzichiitika. Izvi zvinosanganisira gobies, flatfish nevamwe.

Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vanoti mumuviri uyu mvura inogarwa mana nguva shoma siyana kwemarudzi zvipenyu pane muGungwa reMediterranean. Izvi, zana hove matanhatu marudzi chete uye. Urombo fauna of zvinotsanangurwa kwete chete nemupristi zviri rehydrogen sulfide, asiwo salinity mvura shoma.

Marine Shato, gungwa katsi uye chinyavada hove - hove zvikuru ngozi kuti vanogara Sea Black. On ganda ravo uye muswe zvinokuvadza growths, prickles nemhinzwa. In dziva iri miviri chete mhando Sharks kuti pozi zvishoma kutyisidzira vanhu. It dogfish (spiny dogfish) uye katsi rehove, izvo, kufanana swordfish, dzimwe nguva chinopinda kuburikidza Bosporus.

Uyewo muGungwa Dema mune Sarimoni, Rainbow, bakayawu, herring, Sturgeon uye dzimwe mhando hove.

The dzinonakidza zvikuru megungwa hove

Next isu zvikuru kujairika Vagari mugungwa zvichaparadzwa kudzidzwa. Ndivo siyana ruvara, marongerwo uye nzira kutsvaga dzokubudisa uye anodzivirira nzira. Uchashamisika sei hunhu anomudzora fungidziro.

Hapana mubvunzo Palm anotora yakadzika monkfish. Chinhu chinorura kuti anogara ari kudzika rimwe nehafu kusvika makiromita matatu. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vanhurume ndivo parasitic pamusoro muviri munhukadzi. Vane pakukura anenge mashanu masendimita, apo vanhukadzi ukoshi kusvikira-makumi matanhatu nemashanu masendimita uye achirema makirogiramu makumi maviri.

The chikuru chinoratidza hove iri rinokosha outgrowths pahuma aine shwanu pakupedzisira. Nechokunze, afanane shamhu hove, nokuti iyo vaakadana monkfish hove angler. Utachiona namatare anogona emit chiedza, izvo abuda hove kushumira zvokudya pamusoro chikara ichi.

The chechienzi upenyu zvomumvura yechipiri meshkoglot. hove ichi anosvika matatu masendimita. Asi iye anogona kumedza munhu kanokwana kupfuura ini, uye kusvikira kagumi kwakanyanya. kugona kwakadaro kunoitwa nokuda kusavapo micheto uye kuva huru kwakavharwa nenyama dumbu.

Kufanana yapfuura mumiriri zvomugungwa, largemouth chibayiro anogona kumedza kupfuura pachake. The chaizvo hove iri kuti musoro muromo guru riri chetatu muviri wake, vamwe afanane ane muramba.

Kunewo chaizvo kujairika yakadzika-gungwa hove. Photo hove-donhwe unogona kuona pazasi. mhuka iyi chinoshamisa muchimiro mondo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti nyama yaro dzinodyiwa uye inowanikwa kumativi Australia chete, howa iyi vava kuda kutsakatika. Vabati vehove zvokukutapukira kuti matkamuistoja.

Saka, munyaya ino tiri nemi, anodiwa vaverengi, akasangana unotyisa uye ngozi vagere yamakungwa. Tinodzidza pamusoro rakasiyana-siyana hove huru, Sharks uye Dolphins. Uyewo akataura sei, mune chii rusununguko pane mukana kusangana navo, uye sei zvakawanda zvinogona zvinouraya, vamwe vanhu.