Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka: kero miziyamu muunganidzwa

guta rekare Russian Tula ndiyo inozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda gunsmiths ayo, uye aizivikanwa nyika yose gingerbread, asiwo refu zvinoyevedza tsika, huchibva kubva pre-echimurenga nguva, apo ari XIX remakore ari Akanaka Arts Museum yakatangwa. Somugumisiro, vazhinji mifananidzo Polenov uye Surikov, Shishkin, Serov, uye vomuguta vanozivikanwa kwete reproductions, uye vave muupenyu hwavo hwomudzimu.

nyika kutozoedza

Muna 1884, ndiko kuti, panguva yaitonga Mambo Alexander III - Slavophile wepachokwadi uye vaneshungu muteveri yepakutanga nzira okukura reRussia - nokutanga ari diocesan rokutarisira muguta Tula National Museum, ainzi Drevlekhranilishche rakaumbwa. Gare gare, muna 1902, ari necheSalvic chivara zvekare zita chikatsiviwa zvakawanda ano, vachiva kumutumidza Imba Antiques.

Asi ayo Chaizvoizvo rinoramba chete iyi. Sapakutanga, mabasa ounyanzvi uyo akanga kushanda kuti nhoroondo wokuRussia, uye kunyanya kare Tula nharaunda, wana, vanova chikamu miziyamu muunganidzwa uye vainyatsoongorora senyanzvi omunharaunda uye vatsva izvi muMoscow. Most yaunganidzwa munguva iyi Exhibits muri mipiro private vateresi vaida saka dzinobatsira zvavo nyika basa.

Kubva mapepanhau nguva zvinozivikanwa kuti musi weSvondo uye voruzhinji mazororo vose yakavhurwa vakasununguka kuenda yokurovedza muviri, pane kuratidza yakanga, uye pamusoro kunoshamisa kukurumbira iyo ainakidzwa. Nokukurumidza kamuri, riri Fund kurega kubata vashoma parutivi nguva kuunganidza, uye muna 1908 zviremera guta amuvakira muna Tula Kremlin chivakwa chaiyo.

Expropriation, muzadze Museum

Zvinhu zvakachinja pashure October Revolution, apo muunganidzwa Antiquities yeImba akanga nationalized uye akanga tinoshandurirwa Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka. Sezvaunoziva, pakarepo pashure kuuya nesimba, kuti Bolsheviks akaita hombe-pamwero expropriation ounyanzvi (uye vamwe vose) tsika, kare vaiva vamiririri zvikamu vakapfuma munzanga. Panguva iyi, mabasa akawanda uri kubva mupfumi nyika Estates vakabatana miziyamu.

Sezvo Bolsheviks havana kutsaura pakati basa mudzimba uye vatorwa vemifananidzo, uye nechisimba zvose rapfuura varidzi havana kuvanda kana kutora kunze, nokukurumidza Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka, apo paiva mifananidzo, vakarasikirwa unoriumba, yakatetepa National nemunhu. In dzimba dzaro paiva mifananidzo acclaimed vemifananidzo Western akadai Luca Giordano, Domenico Fetti, Frans Snyders nevamwe vazhinji.

Kutendeuka makore okutanga Soviet

Muna 1918, kuti kuronga mabasa ose ndakauya miziyamu kubva Suburban Estates, guta Board of Education akamisa basa, izvo zvaisanganisira vanosvika vachibva Moscow vemifananidzo uye unyanzvi nevatsoropodzi. Somugumisiro basa vakanga akaanyora zvine Exhibits uye zvakajeka. Kuti uwane mashoko pamusoro zvose mifananidzo Commission akatora gore, pashure izvo miziyamu dzimba akazarurwa kune voruzhinji.

Muna 1927 iri Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka Yakazopiwa zita rokuti yomunharaunda lore, ari sezvo chikamu chinokosha kwaro dzokuteerera akasikwa panguva vaiva nhoroondo yomunharaunda dhipatimendi. More nokuti gore pamberi miziyamu vakagamuchira kuunganidzwa emifananidzo kubva pashoo hall vemo Art uye Industry. basa rake yaisanganisira kuitwa zvinhu zvakadai sekuimba Tula vemifananidzo, asi paivawo Exhibits kubva mari yacho Tretyakov Gallery.

Uyezve Museum upenyu

Somugumisiro izvi uye zvimwe pakutengeserana ose Exhibits yawedzera zvikuru, uye muna 1939 kwakasarudzwa kuti asimbise wezvikamu zviviri akazvimirira mamiziyamu - kwematunhu zvidzidzo uye nounyanzvi. Nokudaro Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka kamwe zvakare akava yakazvimirira kuratidza centre.

Mune ramangwana, kuti miziyamu akasangana zhinji nguva zvakaoma munhau dzayo, akawanda raiva hondo uye akabatanidza kubvisa kuSiberia. Kwete nyore, uye akadzoka kunyika yakakuvara uye chete vakatanga kuvakazve Tula. Own kwakavakirwa ari miziyamu panguva iyoyo akanga asina, uye akaisa mutaundi House varanda, apo aifanira kupedza anenge maviri emakore.

Novoselye vachiona kwaizotevera kuwedzera

Chete muna 1964, imba yakavakwa pakero nokuti: mumugwagwa Shona, 64. Kubvira ipapo, muunganidzwa wake zvikuru kukasawedzerwa tichiregeredza acquisitions kubva voga kuunganidza muMoscow, Leningrad uye Tula pacharo. Zvakakwana kutaura kuti zvinosanganisira mifananidzo Polenov, Shishkin, Repin, Borovikovsky nevamwe Artists mazita vanozivikanwa munyika yose. Nokuda nekutambira completions nyora mazita aya haana kuwedzera zvikuru.

Pakati vemifananidzo mabasa avo kuzvikudza miziyamu, kanoda inogarwa Ik Aayvazovsky. The Mifananidzo iyi hunoshamisa zvomumvura painter nguva ndirumbidzwe, uye imba, apo vari hwakaratidza, nguva dzose kuwandisa.

Tikatora Tula Museum

Muna 1995, yose inoratidzirwa zvakaoma kupinda achangobva akasika kushamwaridzana Tula Museum of Arts Akanaka. Tula - guta rekare unyanzvi tsika, uye hachizati kwadzikira kufarira mifananidzo, saka zvakawanda mamiziyamu nounyanzvi namaberere rakanyatsojeka chaivo. The chete dambudziko iri kuwana nzira yakanakisisa kuronga basa ravo.

Kuti izvi magumo kwakasarudzwa vashanu vavo, kusanganisira mumwe kuti riri mumugwagwa Shona, 64 (rinobuda nyaya yedu) - chokubatanidza pamwe chete. Somugumisiro, zvachose inoratidzirwa nharaunda yacho zvakaoma raiva zviuru gumi paupamhi metres, izvo akabvumira nharaunda yayo, kunze kuratidzira zvachose, vanoratidza inoshanda zvakanaka, kuuya pano kubva muunganidzwa dzakawanda mamiziyamu munyika uye private kuunganidza.

Regional Museum of batana kukosha

Muna 2013, kuti miziyamu akagamuchira zita idzva. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, akasvika pakuzivikanwa se Tula Regional Art Museum. Hakusi kuwedzerera kutaura kuti iye zvakakodzera rakava pakati Russia guru kuratidza nzvimbo. Nhasi, muunganidzwa wake chinosanganisira anopfuura makumi maviri nezvitatu zvidimbu, kusanganisira mifananidzo, chivezwa, decoration unyanzvi uye ounyanzvi.

Exhibition zvine miziyamu vari yakashongedzwa mazita akawanda mudzimba vanatenzi ari mumakwenzi, akadai Levitan, Korovin, Tropinin uye Aivazovsky. The Mifananidzo nenyanzvi idzi kakawanda vaeni ari kuratidzira yarongwa vaikudzwa mamiziyamu zvenyika. ukoshi Great ariwo muunganidzwa emifananidzo European Western, kusanganisira pakusikwa aiziva geniuses wokuItaly, France, Netherlands uye dzimwe nyika dzakawanda.

Educational mabasa miziyamu

Mabasa miziyamu hakusi chete chete sangano kuratidzira. vashandi vayo vari zvikuru zvesayenzi uye kuti ndiro basa rinokosha chaizvo rokudzidzisa. Pahwaro zviri footage ari dzimba dzose miziyamu zvinhu akasunungurwa Zvirongwa anoverengeka Category pamusoro gwara "Culture" uye nhamba vamwe, kupa yenguva yokubudisa nhau kusimudzira aesthetic nedzidzo vokuRussia.

Mukuwedzera, pamusoro echiShinto rebhuku matura nyika unokwanisa kuona zvakasiyana-siyana mabhuku, ine reproductions emifananidzo uye vanodhirowa kuti zvinochengeterwa mudura miziyamu, uyewo rwakazvitsaurira nyaya dzavo kutungamirira Russian unyanzvi.