The yeAustria Economist Friedrich Hayek: A Biography, mabasa, zvitendero uye mabhuku

Friedrich August Von Hayek - ane yeAustria uye British Economist uye muzivi. Akatsigira zvido dzekare liberalism. Muna 1974 akagamuchira Nobel Prize pamusana vaviri pamwe Gunnar Mirdelom kuti "kupayona basa iri dzidziso mari uye ... rakadzika kuongorora pakudyidzana zvoupfumi, zvemagariro uye masangano mananara." Hayek akadana mumiririri yeAustria uye Chicago zvikoro. Kubudirira kwake chikuru - iri dambudziko upfumi kukarukureta, catallactics dzidziso akapararira ruzivo, mutengo chiratidzo, vaingoerekana kurongeka, Hayek womuenzaniso, Hebb.

Vhuṱanzi

Friedrich Hayek aiva chinokosha munzanga theorist uye muzivi enyika yacho XX remakore. Maonero ake pamusoro sei kuchinja mutengo anonongedzera vanhu mashoko anokosha kuti zvinovabatsira kuti batanidza zvirongwa zvavo, aiva kubudirira inokosha upfumi. Hayek muchirongwa World War First, uye rave akati kuti chiitiko ichi akasika maari chokuva musayendisiti uye kubatsira vanhu kudzivisa zvikanganiso zvakazoita kuti kurwisana nezvombo. Muupenyu hwake, aiwanzotaura achinja nzvimbo yake yaanogara. Friedrich Hayek aishanda Austria, UK, USA uye Germany. Aiva purofesa London School of Economics, Chicago uye Yunivhesiti Friburgo. Muna 1939, Hayek akapiwa British citizenship. Muna 1984 vakava nhengo Revashumiri Knights Kukudzwa uye anenge ari Hans Martin Schleyer Prize yokutanga. nyaya yake "Kushandiswa ruzivo munzanga 'waibatanidzwa pamusoro makumi maviri, yakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi The American Economic Review nokuda 100 makore ivepo rokutanga.

Biography

Friedrich Hayek akaberekwa muVienna. baba vake aiva chiremba uye Visiting muzvinafundo bhotani payunivhesiti yemo. akaberekwa amai Hayek mune imwe akapfuma mhuri Varidzi. Kunze Frederick, vaviri vakanga mamwe mwanakomana maviri (muduku 1.5 uye 5 makore kupfuura iye). Both Hayek sekuru vaiva nyanzvi. Ake hama wechipiri ari rwaamai divi yaiva yakakurumbira muzivi Ludwig Vittgenstayn. izvi zvose zvikuru pakusarudza nzvimbo mubereko Musayendisiti nezveramangwana. Muna 1917, Friedrich Hayek akabatana atirari hondo muna rweAustro-Hungary hondo iri Italian mberi. Akanga paakavapa nokuda ushingi hwake panguva yehondo.

Muna 1921 uye 1923 akatsigira miteva ake muMutemo uye Political Science. Muna 1931 akatanga kushanda panguva London School of Economics. Akakurumidza nomukurumbira. Uye pamusoro Hayek akataura pamusoro sezvo huru theorists ari upfumi munyika. Shure Germany yaitongwa Nazi, akasarudza kutora British citizenship. Mumakore 1950-1962 aakararama muUnited States. Pashure paizvozvo, akatamira Germany. Zvisinei, Hayek kwakaramba cheBritain kuguma hwake pamberi. Muna 1974 iye akahwina Mubayiro. chiitiko ichi vakauya naye kunyange akakurumbira zvikuru. Munguva mhemberero, iye akasangana Russian dissident Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym. Ipapo akatuma kwaari shanduro yake basa yakakurumbira, "The Road kuna Serfdom."

upenyu Personal

Muna August 1926, Friedrich Hayek akaroora Helen Berte Marii of Fritsch. Vakasangana kubasa. The nomudzimai vaiva nevana vaviri, asi ivo vakarambana muna 1950. Mavhiki maviri pashure pokurambana Hayek akaroorwa Helen Bitterlich muna Arkansas, apo zvaigona kuitwa.

Friedrich Hayek: Book

The University of Chicago ari kuronga kusunungura dzakaunganidzwa mabasa musayendisiti, uyo akashanda kwenguva refu nguva pano. A munhevedzano yemavhoriyamu 19 ichange iine shanduro itsva mabhuku, munyori kubvunzurudza, nyaya, tsamba uye unpublished drafts. Mabasa Hayek wakakurumbira zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

• "Monetary pfungwa uye Trade Cycle" 1929.
• "Prices uye kugadzirwa" 1931.
• "Income, kufarira uye mari nezvimwe essays pamusoro dzidziso maindasitiri nokufamba," 1939.
• "The Road kuna Serfdom," 1944.
• "Individualism uye Economic Order," 1948.
• "Ibva pane nevatambi rusununguko", 1951.
• "The kaunda-chimurenga zvesayenzi: zveBhaibheri vanoshungurudzwa pfungwa", 1952.
• "The Constitution of Liberty," 1960.
• "Mitambo Ine kuzvikudza: Socialism kukanganisa" 1988.

Friedrich Hayek, "The Road kuti Serfdom"

Ibasa inozivikanwa dzakawanda yeAustria Economist uye muzivi. Akanyora muna 1940-1943 azvaitwa. Mairi, anonyevera nezvengozi vanodzvinyirirwa, izvo hazvo kugumisa hurumende kudzora kwezvaizosarudzwa nechepakati kuronga sarudzo. Friedrich Von Hayek anoti Kurambwa yokuti munhu pfungwa dzekare liberalism vanotozvikuvadza inotungamirira kurasikirwa rusununguko, kusikwa kungotarisa munzanga, udzvinyiriri uye "uranda" vanhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Mitsara musayendisiti akamhanyira yemabhuku nemabasa kwesayenzi aivapo panguva iyoyo maonero kuti Fascism (National Socialism) aiva capitalist Achipindura kukura gutsaruzhinji. Hayek akataura vanhuwo midzi maviri hurongwa. Makopi anopfuura mamiriyoni maviri "The Road kuna Serfdom," chatengeswa kubva bhuku. Basa Fridriha Hayeka akava chinokosha kwakabatsira zvoupfumi uye enyika hurukuro XX remakore. mazwi Her nhasi.

Mupiro uye Recognition

basa Hayek kwakaita aiva chinokosha kwakabatsira kukura zvoupfumi pfungwa. pfungwa dzake ndidzo Citation rechipiri (pashure Kenneth Arrow) iri hurukuro pamusoro Nobel laureates. Vernon Smith uye Herbert Simon akadana panguva nezvoupfumi ake dzakakurumbira. It Hayek wokutanga yokusuma chinguvana divi mumusika zvakanyatsoenzana. Aiva chinokosha simba pamusoro pokumuka kukura dzidziso, mashoko zvoupfumi uye pfungwa vaingoerekana kurongeka.

Legacy uye chinokudza

Kunyange pashure pokufa, Hayek anoramba mumwe akakurumbira nezvoupfumi vanhasi. maonero ake haana kuva usingachashandi. Anonzi ari kukudzwa kwake;

• Student Society panguva London School of Economics. It akasikwa muna 1996.
• Society pa Oxford. Created muna 1983.
• Vateereri panguva Cato Institute. Mumakore achangopfuura, Hayek akanga paakavapa musoro anokudzwa mukuru tsvakurudzo pamwe pamusoro American tsvakurudzo sangano.
• Vateereri paUniversity Francisco Marroquin muGuatemala.
• Foundation kuti masayendisiti ari Institute of okuyamura Studies. Anopa dhigirii mubayiro uye vaongorori vaduku.
• Annual Lecture muna Ludwig of Mises Institute. Iye masayendisiti nezvazvo Hayek mupiro kuti sayenzi.
• Award pa George Mason University kunyora zvoupfumi essays.