The Vendome Column muParis. Mufananidzo, tsanangudzo

IVendome Column mumusha weFrance, Paris, yakavhurwa munaAgasti 1810. Yakagadzirwa seAusterlitz. Gare gare rainzi "Column of Victories". Nyaya inofamba: pakutanga kutonga kwake kweItaly Napoleon I Bonaparte yaida kupfuurira nenzira isina kujairika. Akatuka kuti atakure kubva kuRoma chimiro chaifananidzira kukunda kwaTrajan pamusoro pevarume. Chii chaiva mugumo wenharaunda dzenyika, uko kubvumirana kwaive nguva dzose nyaya?

Panzvimbo yeimba yamambo weDuke weWandome

Paanoongorora mari yekufambisa, mambo, sezviri pachena, akauya kumhedziso: ovchinka haina kukodzera kenduru - ndokuenda neimwe nzira. Musi waJanuary 1, 1806, chiedza chakaona chirevo pakutanga kwekuvakwa kwechiratidzo chechirangaridzo chitsva (vavaki vemuJB Leper naJ. Gonduin), mamita makumi mana akareba uye 3.67 mamita paupamhi.

Vendome Column ine nhoroondo inofadza. Inoiswa pachikwangwani chakavakirwa apo imba yamambo weDuke weVendôme yakambomira (Cesar de Vendome ndiye mwanakomana wepamutemo weHenry IV weGuru). Imwe yezvivako zvishanu zveParisiti yakatsaurirwa kuna Louis XIV, yakanga yakashongedzwa nemufananidzo weSain King pane bhiza rinoputika iro rakaparadzwa mukupisa kwehondo dzekuvandudza zvezana remakore rechisere.

Dzimwe nguva dzakauya, dzakaunza zvimwe zviratidzo. Yeuka, rutivi rwemakona uye ega ectagonal yakagadzirwa pamwe chete yekanguva yeklassicism yakashandura mazita kanopfuura kamwechete: nzvimbo yeKukunda, Louis the Great, Peak (iyo yakaratidza mauto avo Robespierre), International. Zvino iyi ndiyo Vendome Square.

Kunongedza chete!

Mumakore ekuzivisa kupisa kwekubatana kwenyika yose, hurumende yezvematongerwo enyika yakasarudza kugumisa kukudzwa kwevadzvinyiriri uye kupisa kwehondo dzeNapoleon. The Vendome column (chinyorwa pamusoro) yakagara kunze kwemaawa ekupedzisira. Yakaparadzwa zvachose musi waMay 16 (kwete nguva refu, musi waMay 5, yaiva makore makumi mashanu kubva pakufa kweNapoleon). Vanhu vakaudzwa kuti vanzwisise: Komani yeParis haina chinangwa chekudzokera kune yekare.

Kune imwe danho rakashata mukuparadzwa, humwe ushingi hwezvematongerwo enyika hwaidiwa: chikamu chetatu chenyika chakanga chakagara neuto rakashata, kereke yeBonapartism (kunyanya pakati pevagari vepasi) yakaramba iine simba, bourgeoisie yaifunga hondo dzeNapoleonic chivimbiso che simba reFrance.

Munyori wemurairo wakaoma waiva mutungamiri mutungamiri, muchengeti Gavtav Courbet. Pakutanga, akakumbira kutamisa chifananidzo kunzvimbo isina nzvimbo, asi yakanga isingatsigwi. Imwe nyanzvi inobvumirwa uye yakazara yakawanda basa rekuparadzaniswa kwevanhu. Zvinhu zvose zvakaenda kune chokwadi chokuti chiratidzo che "simba rakaipa uye kubwinya kwenhema" kunouya pakuguma. Uye akauya.

Ndinofanira kutakura zvinhu zvose kusvika pasi here?

Nokukurumidza kuchinja kwehurumende kwakawa. Dare rakapomerwa kuti rakaparadza shongwe yenyika, iyo yaiva Vendome Column. Mutissar akapukunyuka kuurawa, asi dare rakaraira chimiro chechimiro kuti chiite mari (kubhadhara kuparadza). Gustav akatiza kuSwitzerland. Pfuma yake yakasungwa uye yakatengeswa. Muna 1875 chikumbaridzo zvakare chakamhanyira kudenga. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti chikwereti chakabhadharwa nemufananidzo. Akafira muurombo.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti matambudziko ekuparadzwa kwemasimbiso anoratidza zviitiko zvekare, vanhu vazhinji vanoona zvisina kunaka. Vanotenda kuti zviitiko zvakakosha zvekuvandudzwa kwenyika uye makondinendi hazvifaniri kuparadzwa. Iyi nzira inobvumira zvizvarwa zvakasiyana zvevanhu vepanyika kuti vanyore zvakanyanyisa mufananidzo wekuvandudzwa kwenyika. Zvichida vakarurama.

Hongu, chinyorwa cheVendome chine nhoroondo inoshamisa. Zvinonzwisisika kuidzidza zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, shongwe (yebhandi trunk) yakakandwa kubva ku 1200 Austrian neRussia mazhenje akabatwa panguva yehondo yeAusterlitz (inozivikanwa se "hondo yevatongi vatatu" - French Napoleon, Austrian Franz II, Russian Alexander I).

Bvisa chimiro chako! Simba rachinja!

Iyo trumfa yakagadziriswa pachigadziko, yakasara kubva pachikumbaridzo kuenda kuna King of the Sun. Korome yeRoma yeTrajan yakanga yakabva pane pfungwa. 76 bas-reliefs vakapinda mudenga. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvichifamba kubva kumusoro kwechifananidzo pane ndege yakaratidzwa Austerlitz kukunda.

Chikwata chemukati chakakonzera kusvika pachikuva apo chifananidzo cheNapoleon chakanga chakashongedzwa. Bonaparte yakaratidzwa muToga yemambo weRoma. Musoro wake wakanga wakashongedzwa nemuchero wreath (munyori vanyori - Antoine Chaudet). Makore mana gare gare (1814), Paris yakabatwa nevakabatana.

Kudzoka Mabhiribheni kutumira chifananidzo kune vira rinoputika, kuisa chiratidzo chekukunda - mureza mutsvuku nemaruva. Muchigadziriswa, "akaonekwa" mambo webhron Henry Henry. Muna 1818, chifananidzo chakaiswa paNew Bridge.

Rudzi rwevanhu ruchamuka

Muna 1830, yaJuly Revolution yakauya munguva . IVendome Column muParis yakambochinja zvakare. Pamurairo yaMambo Louis Firipi I pachikuva mumatenga, Napoleon yakaiswa zvakare. Asi izvo zvisingatombovi necheputi uye yega, asi muchetatu unozivikanwa chikwata uye mukuru we uniform (muvezi ndiye Georges-Pierre Suret).

Inotevera "somersault" yakaitika muna 1863. Pamitemo yaNapoleon III, yekutanga yakatamirwa kunharaunda yedzimba dzakavakwa pasi peLouis XIV kuitira kuti vagare ipapo vevakuru veterans vemauto (House of the Disabled). Ikopi yakaitwa kumusangano usingakanganwiki.

Sezvavaitaura muRussia, mbeu yeBonapartes yakaita seyakatarisa mumvura. Yakanga iri gore rimwe chete ra1871, uye pasi peMarseillaise hondo yekupedzisira uye yakasimba yakapiwa mutongi webhandi. Podpilennaya muchengeti uye chitubu chakasununguka cheVendome Square chakawira pasi.

Chiratidzo chokudzvinyirira hachina kutora kwenguva refu. Tsamba dzakaputsika, zvigunhi zvakaputsika. Pakupedzisira trori yakakotama ndokuwa. Vanhu vakakurumidza kuenda kundoona chishamiso chezviyeuchidzo. Mugumo wekufananidzira kwekukunda kunosuruvarisa. Yakararama nemifananidzo yaNapoleon I, yakapukunyuka kuparadzwa kwe1814. Akabva anyangarika.

Mune joke uye nemwoyo wose

Pashure pemakore mana, Vendome Column zvakare yakamutswazve panzvimbo yayo. Izvo zvinomira kusvikira nhasi, zvakakomberedzwa nezvivako zvakajeka uye zvakaoma. Mukuchengeteka uye kuimba yaDuke weVendôme. Zviyeuchidzo zvekuvakwa zvinoita chifananidzo chepfuma yakawanda yezviitiko zvezvakaitika mumutauro weFrance kunyanya kufadza.

Napoleon I zvakare inoratidzika kunyika nenzira yeumambo weRoma, sezvazvakaitwa pakutanga. Vamwe vafambi vanosekwa: sezvo chikamu chacho chakakandwa kubva kumapurosi ePrussian neRussia, nyika dzine kodzero yekutsvaga chikamu chavo chendarira. Zvichida zvakanyanya, vatariri vanocherechedza: kukurumidza kudengenyeka kwezviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika hazvina kuvhara nzvimbo inoshanda yehurumende yeFrench.

Nguva imwe neimwe mushure mekuparadzwa kwechiratidzo chechirangaridzo, mutungamiri wemauto akafira muna 1821 akawanikwa zvakare mu "nzvimbo yake yakakodzera". Iyo korona yeVendome muParis yakafanana neFenix zvakare yakaberekwa kubva mumadota. Zvichida muRussia zvingave zvakakosha kushandisa tsika iyi? Hazvina maturo nguva dzose kuti "zvisakanganisika" kubvisa kare.