The nitriding kwakaita sesimbi mumba: Structure, Technology uye tsananguro

nitriding michina kwakavakirwa kuchinja pechiso nemamiriro simbi chigadzirwa. kunzwisisa ichi remapazi zvaida kuti chinangwa kubaya chinhu zvikunde anodzivirira maitiro. Zvisinei, kwete chete anovandudza zvokunyama nitriding esimbi mumba pasina nzvimbo okunyanyisa matanho okuzadzisa kukohwa nani unongotaura.

General ruzivo pamusoro nitriding michina

Faniro kuramba hunhu nitriding kunokonzerwa, vachibvumira yepamusoro zvigadzirwa kuti kumuroora ehupfumi. Basic nzira mugove nitriding rinoitwa maererano nezvinodiwa kuti chafariz kubudiswa nzira zvikamu. Kunyanya, kupararira vachikuya michina naro nyanzvi inogona zvakarurama kuchinja simbi Kurongwa. Uyezve, may idzivirirwe dzoga, izvo vasiri pasi nitriding. Panyaya iyi, iyo unhani anogona kuiswa pachishandiswa matete akaturikidzana kuti gaba yakanamirwa pamifananidzo unyanzvi. Tichienzanisa chakadzama STRUCTURAL nzira kuvandudza zvechadenga simbi, nitriding - ndiye saturation nechepasi paiva simbi, ine zvishoma simba pamusoro nemamiriro preforms. Kuti nderei unhu esimbi zvinhu chokuita dzomunyika unhu, haana kuiswawo pakati nitrided kuvandudzika.

Dzakasiyana-siyana dzokudzidzisa nitriding

Nzira nitriding dzingasiyana. Kazhinji kusiyanisa nzira huru mbiri, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu nesimbi nitriding. Izvi zvingava nzira kunatsa pamusoro noukukutu uye vanopfeka nemishonga, uye nani ngura nemishonga. Musimboti wekutanga kunoratidzwa muna kuti STRUCTURAL kuchinja unoitwa pamusoro nechekumashure tembiricha anenge 500 ° C. The rutapudzo nitriding Kazhinji kubudirira nokuda Ion kubudiswa apo anodes uye cathodes kubudikidza excitation pamusoro sokupenya zvinoyerera akaziva. In wechipiri musimboti, kuti nitriding rinoitwa yakapambadzirwa simbi. Technology iyi mhando inopa tembiricha arapwe 600-700 ° C aine nguva acho kuti maawa 10. Muzviitiko zvakadaro kurapwa kunogona pamwe zvokuimba chiito uye chafariz kurovera zvinhu maererano chairo zvinodiwa zvaitika.

The matambudziko yeplasma ions

Izvi simbi iri senitrogen tubhokisi zvine vacuüm it nzira kupomera kuti inopfungaira electrically kufara umo. The anodes uve rusvingo kudziyisa yokumusoro, uye cathode chiito zvakananga workpieces. Kurerutsa zvakaturikidzaniswa mamiriro kuzvidzora anobvumirwa kururamiswa rikurumidze. Somuenzaniso, maitiro dzingasiyana kuitika arambe achirema, ukuru Vacuum, senitrogen nokuyerera prices zvokuwedzera yakaisvonaka kwacho gasi, uye zvichingodaro. D. Mune dzimwe embodiments, yeplasma nitriding simbi uye anopa maererano nokuda argon, methane uye rehydrogen. Izvi pamwe kuti optimize mashoko kwokunze zvechadenga simbi, asi hwokugadzira kuchinja vachiri zvichisiyana zvizere doping. Musiyano mukuru iri chokwadi kuti kuchinja zvakadzama STRUCTURAL uye padzimwe dzinoitwa kwete chete pane wokunze unhani uye cladding zvigadzirwa. Ionic kurapwa kungasanganisira wakakwana deformation mamiriro.

gasi nitriding

nzira iyi simbi zvigadzirwa kugadzirwa saturation pamwero ari tembiricha 400 ° C. Asi kunewo anosiyiwa. Somuenzaniso, refractory nesimbi uye austenitic steels anopa wakakwirira pamwero kupisa - kusvika 1200 ° C. The dissociated amoniya anoita se chikuru saturation svikiro. Manage STRUCTURAL deformation parameters runobvira achishandisa gasi nitriding nzira iyo kunosanganisira yakasiyana kugadzira zvinogona. The zvikuru nevanhu vanoonekwa modes pamusoro zviviri, vatatu-chikuva format, uyewo mubatanidzwa dissociated amoniya. Zvishoma yaiwanzoshandiswa modes, izvo zvinosanganisira activation mhepo uye rehydrogen. Pakati kuzvidzora parameters, izvo kuona nitriding simbi zvichienderana mhando unhu, zvinogona kupatsanurwa amoniya aibuda zvazvingava, tembiricha, votadza dissociation, aibuda kwacho magasi uye ancillary t. D.

kurapwa ane mhinduro ine electrolytes

Kazhinji, mabikirwo kushandisa anode kudziyisa. Kutaura zvazviri, mhando iyi elektrohimikotermicheskoy nokumhanya kubudiswa simbi zvinhu. Hwaro unyanzvi ichi ndicho musimboti kushandisa pulsed yemagetsi nokuchengeta, izvo runosvika pamwe pemvura workpiece, akaisa mukati electrolyte svikiro. Nokuda zvinokonzerwa electrostatic mhosva pamusoro simbi nomumativi makemikari ezvinhu uye pakuonekwa mugumisiro kubatanidzwa kunoitwa. Mukubata ichi, kubaya chinhu anogona kunzi sezvo anode pamwe eyeliner dzakanaka zvinogona electrocution. Panguva imwe cheteyo, Vhoriyamu cathode anofanira kuva asina kunze Vhoriyamu anode. Pano zvinofanira kucherechedzwa nehwunhu kuti Ion nitriding simbi converges pamwe electrolytes. Zvikurukuru, nyanzvi dzinoti zvakasiyana-siyana modes ose inotungamirwa nemagetsi pezvakaitwa pamwe anodes, izvo kusanganisira kuvimba chivhariso-electrolyte wemisanganiswa. Izvi zvinoita kunyatsoenderana murau pamusoro hwokugadzira uye operative unhu simbi blanks.

Catholic nitriding

Tools nzvimbo iyi nyaya achiumbwa pamwe dissociated amoniya rutsigiro kudziya sezvakarayirwa 200-400 ° C. Zvichienderana kwokutanga kunaka simbi beach anosarudzwa optimum saturation, zvakakwanira kugadzirisa preform. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuchinja haasaruri kumanikidzwa amoniya uye rehydrogen. The zvaida pamwero amoniya dissociation zvinoitwa vachiongorora kuita uye gasi zvitengeswa vhoriyamu. Nokudaro, muna Kusiyana dzenhoroondo dzokudzidzisa gasi saturation, Catholic nitriding simbi hakungorevi neusimbe kugadzira modes. Kazhinji, ruzivo urwu chaitwa mune imwe ambient mhepo sokupenya yemagetsi mutariri senitrogen-tune. Mashandiro akaita anode masvingo kudziyisa yokumusoro, uye cathode - zvigadzirwa.

Process deformation Zvivako

Zvinenge zvose Nzira saturation hukawanika nesimbi workpieces dzinobva unobatanidza tembiricha migumisiro. Chimwe chinhu kuti zvakare vanogona vakavhiyiwa electrically uye gasi mitoo kururamiswa unhu izvo handishanduki chete kunze asiwo rokunze nemamiriro acho. Kunyanya mainjiniya vanotsvaka kuvandudza simba zvechadenga chipfuro uye kudzivirira Kufurirwa nevamwe. Somuenzaniso, ngura kuramba mumwe chikuru matambudziko saturation, iro rinoitwa pasi nitriding simbi. simbi mamiriro pashure kubudiswa electrolytes uye gasi runyararo akapiwa kuputira, uye anokwanisa withstanding ari zvemaziso dzinongoitika kuparadzwa. Dzinenge kuchinja marongerwo parameters takatsunga nokushandisa zviri workpiece ramangwana.

Nitriding pamusoro pakanyorwa dzimwe ruzivo

Kuwedzera nzira nitriding ane zvokunze maumbirwo simbi workpieces hungasiyana cyanidation rwokugadzira uye cementation. Panyaya wokutanga unyanzvi, zvinonyanya nowenyika munhu chaiwo doping. The musiyano uyu muitiro ari kundiwedzera kuti zvinoshingaira kabhoni musanganiswa. Rine nyaya dzatinofanira uye cementation. Kunoitawo kushandiswa kabhoni, asi panguva ichirova kutonhora - vanenge 950 ° C. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha saturation ichi - kuzadzisa dzakakwirira operative pokuoma. Saka uye carburizing, nitriding simbi uye zvakafanana, kuti dzomunyika maumbirwo anogona kuramba mumwe mwero viscosity. In tsika, kurapwa ichi rinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri apo workpiece vanofanira kuramba wakawedzera kukweshera, zvokuimba kuneta, kupfeka kuzvidzivirira uye vamwe unhu nechokwadi mukurumari mashoko.

Kubatsira nitriding

The chikuru zvakanakira mabikirwo inorondedzera siyana workpieces saturation muoti uye pakawanda. Pamusoro kurapwa pamwe kudzika murayiro 0.2-0.8 mm uyewo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kuramba inokosha nemamiriro simbi chikamu. Zvisinei, zvakawanda zvinoenderana sangano acho, umo nitration rinoitwa hwendarira nezvimwe alloys. Saka, kana tichienzanisa doping, kushandiswa senitrogen kurapwa hazvichadhuri uye asvikire mumba.

payakaipira nitriding

Nzira rinonyatsotarira chakagadziridzwa nesimbi hukawanika kunze, izvo zvinoisa chengeto pamusoro unodzivirira indices. Kusiyana kabhoni kurapwa Somuenzaniso, nitriding haagoni kuchinja zvatiri nemamiriro preform kuti asanyanya kunetseka. Chimwe chinetso ndiwo mukana inokanganisa kunyange rokunze pakudzivirira ehupfumi zvibereko izvi. Kudivi rimwe, simbi nitriding muitiro unogona kuvandudza ngura nemishonga uye mwando nedziviriro, asi pane dzimwe - zvichaita zvakare kuderedza arambe achirema yechivako chacho uye, wakaenzana, sei simba ehupfumi.

mhedziso

simbi kugadzira michina zvinoda zvakawanda nzira zvemaziso uye namakemikari chiito. Vamwe vavo anowanzoramba uye akaverenga pamusoro kwezvipimo vesting blanks chaiwo hwokugadzira uye mumuviri nzira. Vamwe vanotungamirirwa unyanzvi dzokororo. Boka rechipiri zvingasanganisira nitriding kuti simbi, iyo anobvumira mukana anenge pointwise chakagadziridzwa chokunze pechiso zvinoriumba. nzira nadzurudzo kwakadaro ambotirega panguva wezvamatongerwe chipingamupinyi pamusoro yaivhuvhuta Kufurirwa nevamwe, asi pasina vachichinja nechepasi zvinhu. In tsika dzakadai kwema inozviisa kumativi uye kuvakwa izvo zvinoshandiswa kuvaka, muchina-chivako chiridzwa nokuitwa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya zvinhu pakutanga pasi kumusoro zvinorema. Zvisinei, pane zviratidzo simba, zvisingagone kuitwa nokuda nitriding. In nyaya dzakadaro, asi doping aine kwakadzika dzakazara kurapwa zvinhu mamiriro. Asi ane nekuipira muchimiro unyanzvi inokuvadza tsvina.