Potassium chlorate

Kakawanda iri pfuma inonzi potassium chlorate munyu, mumwe kemisiti nezita France - Berthollet, uyo akazarura potassium chlorate, iyo nzira iyo yakanyorwa sezvo KClO3. Berthollet mu kuedza kwavo kugamuchira zvinhu nokuda kuitwa kuiisa chlorine mu alkaline mhinduro pa mukuru tembiricha panguva kuita. Somugumisiro ichi kuita avapo potassium chloride, potassium chlorate uye zvitatu mvura mamorekuru. Kana isu kuongorora nzira yokuita nefuma, vanofanira kuteerera chii bertoletova munyu akafuma kwazvo oxygen.

Externally bertoletova munyu chinhu Hauoneki crystals vane arambe achirema pamusoro 2.32 magiramu por cubic sendimita ari tembiricha 356oS vanotanga kunyunguduka pa 400 ° C - anoora. The solubility of pfuma ndiyo 3.25 magiramu por zana magiramu ane aqueous mhinduro ari tembiricha of 0 ° C. With kuwedzera tembiricha iri solubility kuti potassium chlorate unowedzerawo.

With yakakwana kudziyisa tembiricha kwazvo nyore "vakaparadzana" okisijeni maatomu zvinogona akaratidzwa akadaro mukana wokuti vanhu vanga: 2KClO3 = 2KCl + 3O2.

Kazhinji, nokuti potassium chlorate iri akaita, umo kuiisa chlorine gasi akapfuura pasi kumanikidzwa mhepo kumanikidzwa kuburikidza yakakwirira tembiricha mhinduro kuti potassium - hydroxide kana carbonate.

Panguva zvakaitwa pamwe hydroxides, kuiisa chlorine rukova chinotungamirwa kuburikidza 30% potassium hydroxide mhinduro, uye kana kushandiswa senzira Sefa carbonates zviito zvakadaro pfungwa kuti azvipire 45% potassium carbonate mhinduro.

Zvakakosha kuti munguva oparesheni iyi kwaizoita crystals zvinhu regai kuzadza Naizvozvo gasi-vakatakura nzira vanofanira kupa kushandiswa panguva alonzha kuita.

Zvadaro, potassium chlorate, vakawana muchimiro crystals rinofanira yakasvinwa kuburikidza girazi shinda uye akaoma kwazvo. Zvinofanira kuitwa pakushandisa Sefa michina bepa zvinhu nokuti bertoletova munyu anogona sei pamwe faibha huri bepa, uraire kuputika.

Pane nzira dzakawanda kuburikidza paunogona kuwana potassium chlorate munyu. We tsanangura vamwe vavo.

Flag chinu Wurtz 5-10 magiramu permanganate, uye ipapo uchishandisa fanera yakanga kare kwakakodzera kuti vemabhuku chinu pamwe mhinduro, Explosão vanenge 30-70 millimeters zviri kuramba hydrochloric acid. Nani kazhinji kuita donhwe, nokuti nenzira iyi zvinobudirira nokudzorwa mwero paumbwe kuiisa chlorine panguva kuita.

Wana potassium chlorate kubudikidza electrolysis uye anozvigona. Nokuti chinangwa ichi ane pfungwa yokushanda mhinduro ine zvavo munyu yaora Magetsi. Izvi zvakaitwa rinoitwa sezvinotevera. Zvinotora imwe mari munyu, yakanakisisa asiri iodized uye zvinonyadzisa. The chatingatevedzera midziyo yaishandiswa electrodes maviri graphite, girazi, zvemagetsi waya, mumwe beaker, rimwe risina chinu Wurtz. Waya chokuita kuti danho-pasi transformer Via imwe rectifier kuti vatendeuki AC kuna DC. Electrolysis chaiitirwa kugadzirisa tembiricha 70 - 80 inegumi.

The kuita unoumba potassium chloride, riri zvikuru soluble mumvura pane bertoletova munyu. Naizvozvo, pashure nzira zvakaitwa, potassium chlorate rakachengetedzwa pamasvingo ngarava uye kuti potassium chloride yakanyauka mumvura.

Kana achiita kuedza siyana uye maitiro pamwe nenhumbi zvakakodzera kuti kuteerera chokwadi kuti wemisanganiswa, zvikurukuru Organic zvinhu - zvikuru putika, uyewo "tisanzwe" kupindura ose zvibhakera kugarotamba yakakwirira tembiricha. Zvezvisarudzo vanoshingaira zvinhu izvo vakaitei nemashoko chlorate munyu zvinosanganisira sarufa, namavara akanaka, dzose kabhoni dema, tsvuku phosphorus, kunyange shuga uye starch.

A mungozi chaiyo iri potassium perchlorate - Potassium Perchlorate. remubatanidzwa ichi ane putika simba chaizvo, saka rinoshandiswa senzira "kushanda svikiro" iri magirinedhi, projectiles uye zvimbambaira. Kana mazhinji okuchengetera nguva, remubatanidzwa ichi inogona nomuzvarirwo vesa.