"The Minor": akanaka uye kunaka vatambi. Magamba Comedy "Oaf" Fonvizina

Muna 1782, akapedza basa iri basa rake zvakanaka - the mutambo "The Minor" - Di Fonvizin.

Akanyorwa maererano netsika classicism, izvozvo asi vakava itsva kuti nguva yaro. Izvi zvaiva pachena mune matambudziko (munyori zvinomutsa mibvunzo iri nhau dzidzo, hurumende, magariro uye ukama hwemhuri), uye mufananidzo magamba. Pasinei chokwadi kuti mutambo "The Minor" akanaka uye kunaka vatambi vari delineated zvakajeka, mafungiro muverengi kwavari (kana Fafitera) haisi pachena nguva dzose. Edza kunzwisisa kuti nei?

Classical tsika mubasa

Ngatitange pamwe ndechokuti mutambo Fonvizin vakapemberera kubatana nguva (maawa) uye nzvimbo (aiva Prost), rudo, triangle , uye kuvapo arguer kutaura mhuri. The vanonyanya kutaurwa dzikarongwa kumativi Starodum uye Prostakova, yechipiri yakabatana mumwe kana mumwe. Sezvo vanoumba boka: vechiduku kudzidza jendurumani Mitrofanushka - ndiye ignoramus - akanaka uye kunaka vatambi, akasiyana munzanga, tsika nezvitendero, mafungiro kune vamwe, kutaura, etc.

"Kuti kuvengwa mouthed, ipapo ini kundorwa ..."

Mutsara hwakataurwa Prostakova zvakazara inechirevo vatambi, zvichikonzera kunaka kupima. Simba (kusvikira imwe nguva), muridzi wemunda - Nde akaipa.

"The Minor" - mumwe Parody pane zvaiitika vanokudzwa mhuri dzakawanda havana kusiyana vaiti uye kuverenga, asi aiva mari uye simba. Ms. Prost akatonga dzinoparadzirwa yose imba - zviri kutya kunyange murume simba kwake. "Chivimbo", "fuza", "Mug", "migero" uye pasi. - chinhu chakajairika kurapwa vamwe. mwanakomana chete iye anoshevedza "Mudikamwa" uye rinojekesa kuti anoita zvose mufaro wake. Prost - kudzidza uye zvakaipa munhu anonzwa mhepo huru. Iye anoziva asina kukodzera kuva damn, uye ndiani anofanira kunyemwerera, ndapota.

Sezvo kuita mutambo "The Oaf" akanaka uye kunaka vatambi dzinoratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Saka, nyaya Prostakova upenyu zvatinodzidza kwaari kukumbana pamwe Starodumov. All ake misimboti upenyu yava nhaka kubva vabereki chete vasingazivi. Uyewo, iye akaisa yavo kufarira Mitrofanushka.

Hapana zvakawanda zvakasiyana mukoma wake Skotinin. gamba iri Fonvizin dzinenge zvachose kunyimwa kwevanhu chitarisiko. Uye zita hakurevi unorira munhu, uye chete chitandadzo akatendeuka kuva chido - nguruve, uye runoenzanirana mashoko. Uye kana totaura muchato, muzukuru, anodawo kuti tibatisise vapfumi nhaka mwenga, unotsauka kuna nemuvengi waro.

Mitrofanushka - akaipa

Ignoramus - inonzi yechiduku kuduku wamambo kuRussia, achigere akabatanidzwa. Zviri muzera uyu Mitrofanushka - "sezvinoita amai." Ndiye sezvo vasingazivi, unhu, mbiri-yaitambura romubati wakachenjera, sezvakaitwawo Prost. Uyewo, simbe, achifinyamisa kureva ose sayenzi uye vadzidzisi, asi zvakazara nyanzvi mitemo unzenza, unyengeri, zvinofadza unyanzvi. Akatoita zvakazara akanzwa zvakabikwa simba kuti akamupa chinzvimbo. Kunyange baba Mitrofanushka zvinoshanda duku munhu, sezvinoratidzwa ake "hope." Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ignoramus achaenda ari mai vake. Panyaya iyi, zvinova anoratidza unhu gamba wokupedzisira chiitiko, apo kutoti kukutsvinyira anomhanyira mariri nemashoko: "Hungu, fuck kure, mai vangu sei kuisa ...". Nenzira, mushure mutambo Fonvizin shoko "ignoramus" vawana generalizing ukoshi ane kunaka kuongorora.

Antipodes Prost - Goodies

"The Minor" akasiyana zvakajeka achiratidzei yemunyori tinyatsonzwisisa enhoroondo zviitiko mukupera XYIII remakore. Izvi anobatsira basa rinokosha Starodum mufananidzo. Uyu murume-gore makumi matanhatu uyo pane imwe nguva akava pachako basa duku upfumi, kushanda kuSiberia. Akabva akarwa pashure mudyandigere aishanda mudare. Sezvo munhu akarurama, uye kuona zvakawanda, haana kupa norusaruro chaizvo characterization hurongwa hurumende, vakuru, ruzhinji ukama. Pfungwa iri inobhadharwa vaifanira Starodum vanoshumira kuti vabatsirwe Yababa akasimbisa basa dzidzo. No masanga kuti vakawanda mashoko ake, akadai sokuti "Ivai mwoyo, kutakura mweya, uye uchava murume ..." - Pakarepo vakava aphorisms.

Paiva nezvimwe Goodies - "The Minor" panyaya iyi inoomerera tsika. This Moscow mukuru PRAVDIN (akasvika afumure zlonravie), mwana wemunin'ina uye mugari wenhaka Staroduma Sofya, kwenguva refu zvichitambudzwa kunetswa mumba Prostakova, wechiduku mukuru, uyo akarota kutsaurira upenyu hwake kuna Yababa, Milo. Mashoko avo uye zviito zvakare pachena uipi hwevanhu vakaita Prost uye Skotinin. Havana dzinenge hapana zvainovhiringidzawo, saka vanogona kunzi vanhu vakakwana.

Saka, muna mutambo "The Minor" akanaka uye kunaka mabhii reDare basa yakajeka. pachena Chokutanga zvakaipa uye utsinye, uye kutaura kwavo vanoti nhungamiro imwe chete kurongeka munzanga. Yokupedzisira rinosanganisa rakajairika evanhu uipi: kusaziva, despotic, udyire, kuzvicheka-pachake ukuru, etc.

utsanzi munyori

With zvose tsika mutambo akanga wandei kusiyana kubva ayo vamutangira. Kuzvipira kuna realism - chiri chinhu chitsva kuti vakauya mutambo Fonvizin. "The Minor", magamba ayo pachena uye siyana, akasiyana chido nokuda achitaipa. Chii chakaitika mumhuri Prost aiona kuburikidza prism evanhu sangano uye kuti tifunge nyaya dzakadai serfdom rworudyi chimiro hurumende iri mamiriro, kukosha dzidzo. Somugumisiro, yatova kutyora utatu somumwe dzenhoroondo zvinodiwa.

Pakarepo anova chokwadi kuti chokupedzisira muverengi anonzwira tsitsi noutsinye Prostakova akazova waitirwa wayo zlonraviya. Against colour ichi, zvikuru kunonyatsopupurira kupfuura mashoko Starodum: "Itai mwoyo, atakure mweya, uye uchava munhu nguva dzose" - zvisingakwanisi rirasikirwe yavo nhasi.