Southern Federal District: kwayo marongerwo uye kukosha

Southern Federal District - ndomumwe vomumatunhu yeRussian Federation, kana ndirege kutaura kudaro. Zvinofadza kuti vamwe nguva (kuva chaiwo, pamwe 13.05.2000 kuna 21.06.2000), rainzi North Caucasian Federal District. Asi, sezvaungaona, hazvina kutora nguva refu - pfuurei mwedzi. Gare gare, zvisinei, January 19, 2010 First, North-Caucasian Federal District rave dzinounzwa kubva SFD. Asi chinhu siyanei musoro.

Vhuṱanzi

Southern Federal District ndiye dziwande zvikuru duku yose Russia. nzvimbo yacho 447.821 sq.m. - iri 2,61 chete% of nzvimbo yeRussia! Pasati aizivikanwa North-Caucasian Federal District (170,439 km²). Enzanisa kuSiberia Federal District ane nzvimbo 5.145.000 km². vanotongwa Kunyange chete 12 vaisanganisira wayo sezvamunoita. Asi mumwe Krasnoyarsk Territory chete anofukidza 2.366.797 mativi makiromita.

Nokudaro, Southern Federal District inosanganisira 8 nyaya. Uye vagari vemo - 16.367.949 vanhu, zvichienderana achangopfuura nhamba. Zviri pamusoro 11.17%. Avhareji arambe achirema yakaderera - vanhu 36,5 muzana mativi kiromita. District centre, nenzira, ndiro guta Rostov-on-Don.

mamiriro

Chinhu iyo guta zvinosanganisira SFD, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa vainyatsotarisirwa. Southern Federal District ane diki chikamu. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vanosvika 8 nyaya.

The duku nzvimbo - guta-gamba Sevastopol. Total 864 km². Sezvo zviri kumusha vanhu vanenge 420,000. guta rino rine zvakawanda zvakanaka, asi chinonyanya kukosha - chii chiri mauri chiri chikuru wengarava mujinga Black Sea Fleet yeRussian Navy.

Republic of Adygea, iri inonzi iri Krasnodar nharaunda, ine nzvimbo 7800 km². The peculiarity mudunhu rino - kwayo dondo kupfuma. Anogara kupfuura 1/3 yose zvokuvhoterwa. Asi pano pane kuramba guru zvicherwa.

Kwete yakakura, uye kuCrimea - vanenge 27 zviuru mativi makiromita. Asi pano Ndiyo Astrakhan nharaunda munguva maviri nehafu mukuru kupfuura. nharaunda yayo 49.024 mativi makiromita. Astrakhan nharaunda vapfumi mumarenje aishandiswa mafuro. The Volga Delta iri maberekero pasi nokuda beluga, stellate Sturgeon uye Sturgeon.

nharaunda Next - Republic kubva Kalmykia, guta guru iro ndiro ėlista. Zvinofadza kuti munharaunda ino mutauro unonyanya haisi chete Russian. Asi zvakawanda uye Kalmyk (mu mutemo).

Uye kupfuura kumatunhu matatu - nayo Krasnodar Krai, Rostov Oblast uye Volgograd.

upfumi

Southern Federal District pagore chinokwezva zviuru zvevashanyi. Nekuti ayo sezvamunoita yaisanganisira Krasnodar nharaunda uye muCrimea. Uye kuti nharaunda akapfuma spas. Sochi, Tuapse, Gelendzhik, Anapa, Sevastopol, Yalta - emari maguta aya (uye, naizvozvovo, ruwa yose) ndiyo kunobatsira yomugumo kwematsutso, zhizha mangwanani kwematsutso. Ndizvo specificity okunze, panguva ino ari dzisina nzvimbo SFD hakuna kusunungurwa kubva vashanyi.

Asi, kunze toerisme indasitiri, achiri zvakanaka kunyatsobudirira zvokurima uye zvokufambisa hurongwa, uye zvakawanda kutengeserana. Zvisinei, hakusi zvose pamusoro County. Transport mugadziriro Inter-kwematunhu uye renyika kukosha Somuenzaniso, zviri pfungwa muna Astrakhan Region uye Krasnodar Territory nomukurumbira.

kugadzirwa mubereko

Asi kwete ndizvozvo maindasitiri zvose, izvo zvinogona kuzvirumbidza pamusoro Southern Federal District. Guta FD - zvivako zvakanaka unyanzvi chiedza indasitiri. It chaizvoizvo pano, uye nezvatinovavarira nerubatsiro nhumbi nezvimwe Russian Federal District. Zviri pamusoro munharaunda woruwa chinoitwa 1/10 zvose dzakarukwa zvinhu munyika yedu uye vanenge 28% of shangu.

Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Uyewo, Southern Federal District, kadhi kunopiwa kumusoro, ndiye ane nzvimbo munyika, iyo inobudisa zvikamu 21% cheBhuku Russia yaJehovha zvikwepa simbi, 13% - achicheka michina, vanenge 19% nematarakita anofamba, motokari 7% uye 9% pakati Vacheri.

Mukuwedzera, muna Southern Federal District yakabereka vanenge 18% esimende, 10% kuti Precast kongiri hurongwa uye 15% chivako chidhinha.

Kuwedzera

Kana kutarira Southern Federal District (mepu yakapiwa pamusoro), tinogona kuona kuti nechivako ayo achiri zvinosanganisira Republic of Crimea uye guta-gamba Sevastopol. Ndadzokera March 2014, nyaya idzi akadzokera Russian Federation. Asi avo miganhu chinzvimbo anotenderwa ichangopfuura - nepakati muzhizha 2016 ichi.

Pashure kwebasa rinofanira Crimea muna Southern District yakawedzera 27 000 mativi makiromita. Vagari rakawedzera - vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 2,3. Zviya, chaiyo nokuda ezvinhu yakaitika November 2015, chokuita kurerutsa yedzimudzangara peshongwe Kherson, SFD akadana simba wakareruka nharaunda. Sezvo tsaona ichi akudzivisa yose kuCrimea (a guru chikamu County) dzemagetsi zvachose. Asi sezvo imi munoziva, kana panzvimbo imwe yose yakaipa, uye mumwe - zvakanaka, zvose zvakafanana zviratidzo zviri muchidimbu. Ndizvo nokuti SFD zvino chishoma uye vaiona.

agro-Industrial kunzwisisa

Center of Southern Federal District, uyewo zvose ake dzimwe nharaunda anogona pamusoro zvakanaka okunze. Nemamwe DOF tiri vamwe, uye haana kusvika pakukura okurima indasitiri. Uye ichi ndicho chikuru zvinorehwa South nekuda yose nyika yedu yakakura. Ndiyo Southern Federal District, murwiyo izvo zvisiri guru chaizvo uye inopa Russian zvokudya hazvikuvadzi. Zviri pano rinonyanya anenge 1/6 of acreage yose. Uye zvairimwa kupfuura kota reRussia zvachose vhoriyamu ezviyo, 50% (!) - Sunflower mbeu, uye vanenge 1/5 miriwo.

On avhareji muna Southern Federal District chinoitwa 1/7 yose inowanwa zvokurima kugadzirwa. Uye chaizvo. Kunosanganisirawo ane 33% shuga, 46% muriwo mafuta, vanenge 11% kubva nomukaka zvinhu uye mazai, anenge 12,5% nyama zvigadzirwa. Kazhinji, zvakarongwa zvinogona refu, asi chokwadi kuti SFD zvinokosha chaizvo kuti Russia, unequivocal uye chisingarambiki.