Nhaka uremu: pfungwa, mamiriro

Branch mutemo chokuita mutemo ukama yenhaka, ndiyo mitemo mumatare wedare mhosva unoenderana kodzero, ivo Mapato pangava vatsivi, mukova nzira iri zvarinoroora chepfuma wemufi. Kakawanda vanhu vokutanga kusangana ane nzira yakadaro, vakarasika uye handizivi kuti, maererano nomutemo, kuti ape kuchinjwa kodzero, uye Chikurukuru, zvavanogona vanoti. Huru tsanangudzo, pasina iro hwaizodai kutaura nebazi iyi yomurayiro, ndiye nhaka pacharo (nhaka guru nhaka pfuma). Naizvozvo zvinokosha kuziva uye kunzwisisa chii chinobatanidzwa mu ichi pfungwa uye chii inoitwa.

Midziyo uye munataisireva kuti nenhaka uremu

Vatsivi havasi pfuma chete, asiwo vamwe mabasa hama yake. Nhaka sezvo kodzero chinhu, kunoitika pakarepo pashure pokufa munhu muridzi Kutamiswa kodzero uye mitoro. Kusvikira zvaitika, zvinogona vatsivi pfuma inonzi akangorara. Nhaka gobvu ndiro chisinganzwisisiki pane zvose pfuma kodzero uye mitoro rweberere mufi muupenyu hwake mugari, uye achipfuura maererano mutemo zviri pamutemo vatsivi. All kodzero yacho, iyo yakanga afa, enda mhuri sezvo chinokosha, uye zvose nokubatira wemufi - ave kuita nhaka guru. mitoro yemhuri, vachitora pfuma iri zvinhu, kubhadhara zvikwereti zvomufi zvinobva zvakasikwa yakatevedzana.

Legacy uye mukuru zvomumba pfuma

Zvinonzwisiswa kuti zvakafanira kuti vaviri varidzi pfuma vawana panguva muchato, sezvo Kazhinji, pane nyaya rufu mumwe vatsivi zvavo zvichava pasi kuchinjwa chete nehafu pfuma. Imwe hafu kana kuti mumwe chikamu anoramba mupenyu naye.

Kuti pakuitika yokugara kurapa agamuchire hama?

Maererano Civil Code of Russian Federation nhaka - zvose pfuma zvinhu, kodzero uye mitoro (zvisina zvakabatana chaizvo unhu).

The pfuma, iyo zvinofamba vakazotevera, unogona kukamurwa kuva mapoka matatu:

1. The pfuma pachayo sezvo vakadaro, kusanganisira mari mari uye mari neShanduro.
2. akafa dzevanhukadzi kuti pfuma (muridzi), kusanganisira kodzero aiva naye sezvo nyaya contractual ukama kuti vavapo pakararama akaiita.
3. Property mitoro (chikwereti, chikwereti).

Ibasa rinokosha kuziva pachine Zvinoumba nhaka guru. Mashoko aya, tinogona ngaaverenge chitsama muripo zvinofanira kubhadharwa kuti vawane gwaro muridzi. Nhaka guru rine mishoma chaizvo, zvinokosha kufunga mapoka aya zvizere.

Zvinhu uye Other Property

Murwiyo chepfuma zvaitambidzwa wepamutemo vatsivi, yaisanganisira, somunhu mutemo, Zvivako: imba, Villa, furati, motokari, nyika, uyewo zvemumba uye mari nemari.

Nhaka uremu, zvikurukuru apo inorwara zvinhu somunhu oga kuparadzwa, zvinhu enyaradzo nyore, (fenicha, midziyo yemagetsi, ndiro), ari kune vatsivi avo, ivo, zvisinei kuisa akagara wemufi pamwe gore vanopfuura mumwe uye akavashandisa pamwe naye hwake kusangana hwemazuva mhuri zvinodiwa. Kana havana kurarama pamwe chete, asi muchirongwa maitiro nevakawanda vepaimba mufi, maererano ichi, uye kushandisa nyaya veimba midziyo pamwe akaiita. Kana vanhu vakadaro havasi iripo, ipapo zvemumba vanobatanidzwa zvachose guru iri nhaka.

Kutamisirwa achava pasi mari nemari mu deposits uye kuchengetedzeka. Zvakakosha kuti pakupedzisira vakanga akanyorwa uwandu ari gweta pakugadzirira rwakatsigirwa, kana kuratidza kuvapo kuchengetedzeka muridzi parutivi mufi, vatsivi vachava zvakaoma. Kana nhaka mugove, kuwedzera kune mukuru kodzero zvaitambidzwa asiri kodzero, akadai kodzero kuvhota panguva shareholders 'musangano. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pamusoro okutambirwa nhaka migove vari transferee anowana kwete chete pfuma asi tsika kodzero.

Panyaya mari mipiro, ipapo vanoenda vatsivi vari mukuru muitiro, kunze zviitiko apo vashakabvu mumazuva ake zviwanikwe kune mubhangi, kuitira kuti iye hwakatamisirwa imwe munhu kana hurumende.

Modern mitemo Russian anopa mhosva apo mumwe mugari vakafa mumazuva ake aitofanira zvinyorwa kuti privatization pamusoro Apartments, izvo zvave zvakanaka rakanyorwawo, asi maererano norufu chitupa muridzi asina kugamuchira. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, privatized Apartments anogona zviri pamutemo kuva nhau nhaka, kugutsa zvido zvinogona vatsivi.

Zvinhu, ane kuvaka haisati yapera, unogonawo kuva chikamu nhaka. Nokuti ichi zvakafanira kuti chinhu ichi chaiva uchapupu muridzi.

Contractual kodzero wemufi

mugari kodzero, rwaiumbwa ari contractual ukama, enda venhaka. Somuenzaniso, panguva upenyu wemufi waiva basa noukama uye kugona kugamuchira mari mazuva vaishanda. Pashure pokufa mutsivi achava nekodzero yokugamuchira mari kubva waaishandira. Kana mumwe munhu akaita kukuvadza pfuma wemufi, kodzero nekuripira kukuvadza chiri chakasvitswa hama. Kana zvakakanganiswa kwakakonzerwa utano akaiita wacho, apo kodzero reparation vatsivi hakuna inoparadzirwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti pane iyi, kodzero rinopiwa chete kune munhu anenge atambura kukuvadza. Maererano Civil Code of Russian Federation nhaka haagoni zvakabatanidzwa ribatane unhu wemufi.

Credit nezvimwe mitoro yemari

Mhando inokosha nhaka kunobvumirwa zvikwereti - mari nezvimwe. Zvisinei, kuti transferee achava nemhosva pamusoro kukwana mutsividzo zvikwereti mushakabvu, uye chete bedzi mukati nhaka yavo uremu kuenderana pfuma raakanga apiwa. Munhu akadaro asingachaiti kuripwa zvikwereti zvavo pachavo zvinhu. Dzimwe nguva vakomana mamiriro: akaiita muupenyu hwake hwaakapa chikwereti, asi mukwereti vasina nguva kumudzosera mari nokuda kworufu rwake chikwereti. Panyaya iyi, vadyi venhaka tine kodzero ikwidzwe kudare pamusoro kwebasa rinofanira pfuma iri kutsivana vakawanda. Kuti ibasa pamutemo vatsivi zvichava rinogonawo kuva chikamu nevakariri pfuma. Kuchava kungada uchapupu hwakadaro - magwaro kuratidza kuvapo chikwereti (a murayiro dare), ipapo vazhinji kutsivana, kutaura pamusoro rakaiswa, anogona ngazviwedzerwe.

mhedziso

Modern mitemo Russian kurerutsa pamazita constraints kuti kuchinjwa pfuma ibasa. Izvi rakasiyana zvinobatsira: akaiita Somuenzaniso, kunyange apo upenyu anova vanofarira kukura kwayo zvebhizimisi mubhizimisi, nokuti rokumusoro mari, zvikuru vanhu pedyosa afa.

Nenzira iyi, akaiita anogona kutarisira zvinhu zvakanaka zvaigona vatsivi, asi tsika, kana mamiriro murayiro kunosvika pfuma wemufi (escheat), anova isingawanzowanikwi.