Shari River: tsanangudzo nemifananidzo

Africa inyika inoshamisa. Iine zvakawanda zvakavanzika uye njodzi. Masayendisiti anobva kumativi ose enyika akauya pano kuzodzidza zvirahwe zvake. Vatashanyi vanoshanyira Black Continent kuti vanakidzwe nemafuta ayo akasiyana nemhuka. Zvinhu zvakakonzerwa nezvose zvakanyanya-muAfrica zvinogara mhuka dzakakwirira kupfuura dzose pasi-girafes, mhuka huru pane dzimwe nyika - nzou, shiri huru dzepasi pose - mazhi.

Africa ine inzvimbo yayo pachayo. Mamiriro ekunze ari kunyanya kupisa, rupo runyoro. Kunyatsoteerera kunofanira kubhadharwa kumvura yepanyika yekondinendi, kunyanya kunzizi.

Muchikamu chino, isu tichataura pamusoro pekuti Rwizi rwaShari rwupi uye kupa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pemvura inoyerera.

Tsanangudzo

Shari irwizi runofamba muCentral Africa. Kubva mumutauro weko, "shari" rinoshandurwa se "kubuda". Iyo gorosi ndiyo yakatsauka. Kwemakore makumi matatu apfuura, iye akazadza nemvura, akazopera zvachose.

Kuyerera kunopfuurira kuburikidza neCentral African Republic (CAR), kunobata kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yeChaid, kunofamba uchifamba nemuganhu wayo neCameroon uye inoputika kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuChaid Chad.

Kureba kwemvura inoyerera makiromita 1400, nzvimbo yacho inosvika zviuru mazana matanhatu emakiromita. Km, uye 1159 m ³ / s chiratidzo chekuyerera kwemvura. Rwizi rweShari, sezvakataurwa, ndiyo nheyo yeLake Chad, sezvo inounza 80-90% yemvura yose mairi. Apo nguva yekunaya inouya, rukova harwuzadzisi gungwa chete, asi rinogona kuwedzera kwazvo nzvimbo inogarwa navanhu.

Rwizi rwaShari (Africa) runotanga ruchiyerera kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kusvika kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Nhamba huru yezvikwereti zvinopinda murwizi. Iyo huru (kuruboshwe) iri Logon, 1000 km kure, mamwe maduku - Bahr-Auk, Bahr-Salamat, Bahr-Keita, Bahr-Sarh.

Nzvimbo yeRwizi rwaShari inowanikwa munzvimbo yekuchamhembe nzizi - Ouam, Baminga neGribingi.

A bit of history

Shari akawanikwa muna 1823. Yakawanikwa nevaEurope. Iyi nguva yakauya panguva apo vatsvakurudzi veBritain Hugh Clapperton, Walter Oudney naDixon Denham vakadzidza Lake Chad, uko rwizi runopinda mukati. Panguva iyoyo, yakaomazve zvakare, asi kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kwepamberi yekare yePambambrian, masayendisiti akacherechedza nzira yekufambisa. Zvakanga zvakabva pane izvi zvakawanikwa kuti kudzidza kwaShari kwakatanga.

Kukosha kwerwizi

Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenzvimbo dzinogarwa navanhu, kusanganisira guta reSarh uye guta guru reChad, N'Djamena, rinowanikwa munzvimbo yaMu Shari. Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha inobva kunwa, inowanzoshandiswa kune zvinotakura uye ndiyo nheyo yekudiridza yezvinowanikwa zvirimwa zviri pedyo. Rwizi rwaShari inzvimbo yepamunharaunda yekusimudzirwa kwekambani yekuredza. Nyokwe yeNile ndiyo hove inokosha zvikuru inogara murwizi. Zvichengetedzwa zvaro zvichiri kuwanda.

Kushandisa kwakadaro kwakakonzera kuti gore negore pane kuoma kukuru kwehuwandu hwemvura inobva kurwizi kusvika kuLake Chad.

Chido chekuvaka dzimba

Nokuda kwekuti mvura yemvura muRwizi rwaShari inoderera gore rimwe nerimwe, masayendisiti vari kufunga nezvekushandiswa kweprojekiti ichave yakagadzirirwa kuvaka dhamu pedyo ne Livingston Falls. Iko inofanira kunge yakazara nemvura inoyerera ichipinda mumvura yakadzika yeCongo, kubatana. Kuvonga izvi, Rwizi rweShari, uye, maererano nezvo, Lake Chad, richazara zvakakwana nemvura. Uyewo, basa iri richabatsira kuwedzera nzvimbo yavo, iyo ichaunza hupfumi hunoenda kune iyo nzvimbo.

Uyewo, masayendisiti anoda kutungamira kubva kuLake Chad kuenda kuMediterranean kune kona yekugadzirira inonzi New Nile iyo inofema hupenyu munzvimbo dzerenje dzeAfrica.

Aya mapurisa ave achifungidzirwa kubvira kuma1900 ezana remakore rechi20, asi kusvika ikozvino hapana chigumo chekupedzisira chakatorwa. Nyanzvi dzeEcologist haibvumi kubvumirana nekuvakwa kwedamu uye kanzira, zvichiratidza kuti izvi zvinogona kuparadza zvinhu zvakasikwa zvepanyika.

Population

Rwizi rwaShari runofadza kune madzinza anogara pamahombekombe aro. Somuenzaniso, vanhu vasina kujairika vatenzi. Mune tsika yavo inosanganiswa kuisa mahwendefa pamiromo yevakadzi. Maererano nevarume vedzinza, mukadzi ane muromo wakadaro ndikanaka chaiye. Apo vaEurope vakauya pano, zvakaonekwa kwavari zvakashata zvikuru kuti vakaponesa vasikana kubva muuranda.

Mumwe haagoni kukanganwa vanhu vaSao vaigara mumupata weRwizi kubva muzana remakore rechi5 BC. BC. E. Muzana remakore re XVII. Izvo zvakanga zviri mumudziyo wekumucheto kwakadzika kweShari yakavaka maguta kubva mudzimba dzevhu. Basa ravo guru raiva kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zveimba uye zvishongo zvakagadzirwa nevhu, kusanganisira zvifananidzo zvepakutanga nemifananidzo.