Kudiwa wehurumende murau hwenyika. The chikero zvoupfumi basa. Kudzikamiswa hwenyika

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda kudiwa nehurumende murau hwenyika, asi kwete vose anozvinzwisisa. Market mashandiro kuti kudzora chinhu vanokwanisa inobudirira nzira kuitira Kufambisa uye harmonization pamusoro siyana mabhizimisi. Market kwakakonzera yakakwirira zvikuru, uye saka kugara basa kutora yakakodzera uye unhu zvisarudzo zvebhizimisi, uyewo migumisiro basa.

Kudiwa wehurumende murau hwenyika nokuti kuti kana kumusika mutengo chichagadzirirwa pasi pokudzora mutsigiro nomudonzvo, kudiwa, vagadziri vachakwanisa kuwana ruzivo kupfuura rakakwana pamusoro chokwadi kuti kunyanya zvakakodzera kuita uye chii nguva puranga. Panguva iyoyowo pamusika mutengo zvinokonzera kuitwa sarudzo dzakasiyana mumunda mari mutemo uye nevamwe vakawanda.

State mutemo hwenyika pachine kudikanwa nokuti pasina kuzvidzora uye predictability mumusika hazvimboiti kwawakarerekera zvisingaiti kuita chero kukosha kwenguva refu pazvinangwa, uyewo kero chero chikuru socio-zvoupfumi nyaya. With kushaya Kufambisa of ukama kuonekwe safunga mari nokuda zvisingakoshi kusunungurwa ezvokutengeserana zvigadzirwa, zviri kugara panowanikwa kusauka nokuda asingatarisirwi kuchinja pamusika ezvinhu, solvency uye solvency pamusoro counterparties uye zvimwe zvikonzero. mitemo pamusika oga anogona kumisa tarisiro kukura nzanga yose chete nomuzvarirwo, pamwe zvachose nezvimwewo zvabuda, uye ichi ndicho musimboti wavo makemikari hunhu, izvo kuratidza kudiwa nehurumende murau hwenyika.

Chii chinombodiwa rinomiririrei?

Nokuti kuti mumusika iri kukwana uye dzisingapindirani, kunyange munyika dzakabudirira, hurumende apindira iri upfumi vanonzi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yepamusoro padanho kugadzirwa vanokwanisa, kuti wakakwidzwa achava weboka basa pakati ose anodawo makambani, uye kupfuura makwikwi ndechokuti, zvikuru zviri pamusika upfumi kunoda murau hurumende.

kuzvidzora kwakadaro ndiko kushandiswa yakananga akagadzirwa zviyero zvainanga matambudziko ari nechepakati hurumende, uyewo yaro kwematunhu uye kuzviremera zvehurumende pamusoro dzinokosha zvinhu pamusika, kureva zvinhu zviri kuitika, wedzerai uye kudiwa, musika kwezvivako, chigadzirwa unhu, makwikwi uye vamwe vakawanda. Kazhinji kugamuchirwa kuti govera matatu kupfuura pamwero mukuru wehurumende Mabasa: isimbe, kururamisira uye kunyatsoshanda.

zvinobudirira

Zvakakurukurwa kumusika upfumi kwakatungamirira kuti hurumende vachishandisa siyana zvoupfumi zviridzwa anofanira akasika zvoupfumi vakadaro kuti kuchaita kupfuura vakarongeka ichishanda kugadzirwa. Zvikurukuru, rinokosha kukosha anopiwa kuti mamiriro antitrust basa, activation of Kukwikwidzana kunoita pamisika, uyewo nechokwadi kwazvo akanaka ezvinhu nokuda kwomudzimu pamusika zvigadziriswe.

kururamisira

Nokuti yanhasi musika zvakarurama pakati nhema yokuti dzakakwirira mari vane sangano rinopa mutengo uye Pricing, uye izvo akabudirira makwikwi mubasa nzvimbo kumusika uye nhumbi, guru uye basa, uye panguva imwecheteyo, kuderedzwa hwakaisvonaka kuna vaya I akakundikana munzvimbo iyi. Chete musika yavaive haisi runovimbisa chipenyu mubayiro, uye nokuda kwechikonzero ichi hurumende inofanira redistribute ari zveminda kuburikidza mitero yakasiyana-siyana, uyewo kupa zvakakwana kwerunyararo vakwegura, vakaremara zvimwe nevaishayiwa. Nemamwe mashoko, hurumende inofanira kutora vatarisire basa kuvagari vose, inonzi rakadzikadzika zvaibvira nenhanho kudyiwa kuburikidza tsanangudzo shoma mubayiro.

utsigo

State anodzokororwa zvoupfumi pakusimba, umo Pricing uye mutengo wadzikama chaizvo, uyewo cyclic chimiro iri ndokudzora kukura. Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti anoita antitrust negwaro.

Hurumende inofanira kusarudza kuti mabasa isingagoni kuitwa zvikurukuru nokuda pamusika oga. Saka, murau dzinongoitika nevhu rakawandisa uye nedzimwe nzvimbo unokubvumira kutsivira uye aruramise setsikawo pamusika anotsanangura mashandiro.

nyika dzakasiyana kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana kudzora michina pamusoro upfumi, izvo vanosarudzwa nokuda ruzivo chokuzviona kare. Izvi zvingava kudzora mari yomutero ezvinhu, kuitisa nyanzvi Mutengo, mashoko akanyorwa mumativi mwero, pakatanga refu dzemunharaunda, uye kunyange zvimwe matanho. Nokuda mutemo uyu dzinongoitika nevhu rakawandisa uye nemamwe masangano kushingaira kuchinja pamisika, uye inokupai iwe waidzora ukama pakati vatengi uye vaburitsi. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti dzakashandiswa anofanira ichi- achiudza uye modernized, achichinja kuita zvinhu zvitsva uye matambudziko kusimudzira hupfumi mamiriro, uye panguva imwecheteyo vasadzikatidza zvebhizimisi uye zvokuita. Saka, zvinobvira kuti vabudirire kuchinja uye musika anotsanangura yekuronga nheyo, kwete nemhaka kushora kwavo, uye inobudirira zvikuru pamwe.

zvinhu pfungwa

Tools ehurumende murau hwenyika kubvumira kuti itibatsire basa siyana ezvoupfumi masangano, uyewo misika mamiriro kuti vabudirire zvikuru Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu enyika akasiyana zvigadziriswe.

Chero zvinhu zvisingafadzi kuti varipo vari ano kumusika upfumi, anogona kutsanangura zvikonzero nei basa rehurumende mairi iri kuramba ichiwedzera. Kureva kudzivisa chero zvakaipa kuti misika regulators kana Anti-aliasing idambudziko guru kuti Anonangana hurumende midziyo ane upfumi basa.

mabasa

Kupiwa ose pamusoro, tinogona kuziva zvimwe inokosha kushanda, kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti kushandisa zviridzwa mamiriro murau hwenyika:

• kusikwa nomutemo yemibvunzo kunowanzoitika kushanda private Entrepreneurs;
• redistribution mari kuburikidza kushandisa mberi mitero yezvinhu, uyewo chinja mari;
• kugadzirisa kuti maumbirwo kugadzirwa kushandura hurumende ichiisa mari;
• mari sciences chikuru uye kuona kudzivirira zvakatikomberedza;
• kuzvidzora uye kuchinja kubva pamwero nebasa, zvoupfumi kukura uye mutengo mishonga siyana;
• mari inoshandiswa zvivako, uye zvakananga kugadzirwa zvimwe paruzhinji zvinhu kana mabasa;
• makwikwi kuchengetedzwa software.

On ekupedzisira zvinokosha kuziva kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro basa Anti-kuvimba zvivako, nekuti chero mamiriro murau youpfumi inoitirwa kubvisa mukana chindingindingi. The kutonga zvimwe nemakambani mumunda wayo pakupedzisira zvinoodza kukanganisa nzanga yose, saka, kwerunyararo munhu Kukwikwidzana kunoita ndechimwe zvemberi mashandiro anoita chero mamiriro.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pane mbiri dzinokosha siyana ehurumende murau hwenyika:

• kuburikidza yavose nemauto;
• nokuda nezvainoita private nemauto kushanda pamwe zvakawanda zvoupfumi zvishandiso.

Sei nechokwadi?

State murau pakati zvinhu hwemazuva musika upfumi kunosanganisira kushandisa wandei zviyero nevarikutonga, zvemitemo uye supervisory hunhu, vari kuitwa nomazvo hurumende nemasangano kana siyana masangano ehurumende nechinangwa pakudzikamisa uye zvimwe kwadzakabva iripo munzanga uye zvoupfumi kune dzichichinja ezvinhu.

Panyaya iyi, chinhu dzokuteerera akatsunga basa chokuita mutemo zvitatu interconnected zvikamu kugadzira kwacho; murau okuwana mari uye mari.

By kwevari remunharaunda vakuru pakati zvebasa mamiriro mitemo hwenyika dziri kuitwa kumativi vaviri kwematunhu uye batana mumatunhu.

zvinhu zvinotaurwa

nechokwadi kwakadaro kuzvidzora zano iri inobva zvinotaurwa:

• Under yakaenzana ezvinhu nguva dzose inofanira kupiwa zvinodiwa kuti musika chimiro zvoupfumi sangano. In tsika, ichi kunoratidza kuti hurumende inofanira nemari chete sectors kuti vari asingakwezvi vamiririri dzebhizimisi nomumwe nokuda yakaderera profitability chinokosha munzanga.
• State zvebhizimisi vanofanira hakuna nzira kukwikwidzana pamwe private nemauto, asi, chete pave ayo kukura, sezvo pakaunda kusvikira chinangwa mamiriro mitemo hwenyika. Kana ukasateerera zano iri pakupedzisira emakambani ehurumende nyore kutanga kuti atonge private,
• Credit, zvemari uye mutero wokuti mamiriro mitemo hwenyika zvinofanira zvainanga kuunza evanhu kugadzikana uye zvoupfumi kukura.
• Hurumende inogona kupindira pamusika pezvakaitwa zvakanyanya kana ine musika fomu.
• mitemo State ine kuitira kutonga vakawanda ezvoupfumi nematambudziko, uyewo siyana pezvakaitwa mumunda zvoupfumi ukama nedzimwe nyika.

Zvinangwa uye nzira

Development wehurumende murau hwenyika rinoitwa zvinotevera kuti:

• kurerutsa zvisingadzivisiki kunaka Magumo ekushandiswa musika siyana kwendangariro.
• paumbwe zvemitemo, magariro uye zvemari prerequisites kuti vakarongeka nokushanda pamusika upfumi;
• Urongwa munzanga nedziviriro avo mapoka musika vanhu, ndiyo pangozi zvikuru chinzvimbo chaiyo zvoupfumi ezvinhu.

Panguva iyoyowo, nzira dziri rakakamurwa zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga.

Direct nzira, izvo anoshandiswa ezvinhu mamiriro murau hwenyika, kunobva zvakasiyana-siyana zviri pamutemo uye okutarisira matanho kufurira basa siyana masangano.

Zvisina kunanga zvisingapindirani kuti havasi kupa chero rairambidzwa rusununguko upfumi sarudzo, asi nekusiyana, zvinopa humwe zvakakukurudzira pakuita yokutengesa zvisarudzo. The chikuru nzvimbo kushandiswa ndiwo upfumi ezvinhu yose. zvigadziriswe rwakadaro mamiriro murau hwenyika zvinosanganisira kushandisa mikana uye zvinhu zvinowanikwa kune mari uye mari gadziriro yacho.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nzira iyi zvinodyidzana.

zviridzwa

Kana isu kutaura zvokushandisa kuti anopiwa nehurumende murau hwenyika, zvinokwanisika kuziva dzakawanda kiyi:

• administrative mutemo;
• mari hurongwa;
• mugadziriro zvemari;
• hurumende zvibvumirano;
• State pfuma.

Uyewo kucherechedza kuti, kuwedzera kune apa zvishandiso kuitira neHurumende pamusoro upfumi, izvo kunyanya vane zvipfuwo zvoupfumi wezwi chete, kunewo ane zvombo zvekushandisa kuti anopa kwokunze zvoupfumi mutemo. Inenge ose levers, izvo zvinosanganisira migumisiro iri kubereka nzira mukati imwe nyika, uye yekudyidzana kukanganisa uye wokumwe mamiriro ezveupfumi. Saka, avo kushandiswa kunosanganisira kuchinja kufarira rates mitero, pakatanga dzinopiwa itsva uye incentives kuti mari iri wakaiswa yesangano uye boka zvimwe matanho.

Saka mamiriro inopiwa murau hwenyika kuitira kuti vawane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kumusika ezvinhu.