Rusaruraganda - nhaka yaitonga hurongwa

Chii rusaruraganda uye chii chakaita pfungwa iyi? duramazwi Chero tsananguro vachakuudza kuti rusaruraganda - chaiyo pakati "kuparadzana", shoko iri midzi mumutauro Boer kugara mu Africa - Afrikaans. Zvakanga ipapo, kuSouth Africa, unofanira kutsvaka mhinduro dzemibvunzo yose.

Background kwehurumende

Kudzvinyirirwa zvemo dema nevanhu vari yose Africa yakanga yatotanga
sezvo vokuEurope yokutanga ikoko. Pakatangwa yaitonga ezvinhu, zvinoti kubva XVI kusvikira pakutanga XX remakore, kudzvinyirirwa tsika akawana husingagumi akamboona. Zvasvika kusingaenzaniswi zvikuru kwevaranda chakaitika Resettlement rose dzavanhu pane vamwe mumakondinendi sevashandi varidzi itsva. White wehondo uye akagara Africa pachayo. Vakanga kunyanya nokukwezvwa mufumi nengoda uye nezvimwe zviwanikwa zvicherwa kuSouth Africa. Mukati vaviri emakore pano isu akagadzirisa vokuEurope, zvikurukuru vokuGermany, Belgians uye Dutch, gare gare akarongeka vomunzvimbo iyoyo - borax (rakashandurwa kubva Flemish - vanhuwo zvavo). Mukutanga XX remakore pamusoro munharaunda kuedza mugowana kodzero dzavo British Empire. Pakupedzisira, South African Union akasikwa ari dominion British muna 1910. In yokutanga yezana XX remakore. kunyange US, apo paiva zvizvarwa varanda vatema vazhinji, pasinei akaparidza Universal Declaration of Human Rights, paiva nematambudziko makuru pamwe chaiko wakaenzana vechitema vari vachiri vakamanikidza zvese. In South Africa, tsika iyi enshrined panguva zvemitemo vanochiva pamutemo vachizivisa kuti "chena" uye "dema" havana kuenzana. Saka, rusaruraganda - mugumisiro emakore Kugadzirwa South African Republic.

rusaruraganda makore

Gwaro iri pamutemo kuitwa panguva hurumende pamwero kubva 1948 (uye zvirokwazvo pamberi) kusvikira 1994. Chaizvoizvo hwakanga inotevera inokosha zvokudya:

• "Black" vanhu vave kunyimwa enyika kodzero zvose (kuvhota uye kuti kusarudzwa).
• The rusaruraganda hurumende zvinorambidzwa michato yakavhenganiswa.
• Black dzeChirungu dzaiva akarayira kugara chaiyo chengetedza. Kusiya vaizoda mvumo nezviremera.
• kudzivirirwa Social wo rave rakakamurwa (zvipatara, zvikoro uye mamwe masangano akafanana ariko voga kuti "chena" uye "dema"). Izvi zvinoshandawo dzevoruzhinji.
• Paiva mitemo, pasi dzimwe mitero "chena" ari mushandirwi, uyo akatora basa nhema.
• "Black" rakarambidzwa chero dzokutengesa basa.

Kwenguva refu, UN nehurumende zhinji dzakabudirira nyika munyika akaita kutsoropodza kuti chiitiko ichi munyika. Pashure pezvose, chii rusaruraganda? It chaizvoizvo kwepamutemo panguva soro nenhanho rusaruraganda - chinhu icho saka vachishingaira vakarwa kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose. Imwe yakakurumbira Vanorwisana Fani iyi vakava Nelson Mandela, nguva refu enyika musungwa uye gare gare (kubvira 1994) uye wokutanga dema purezidhendi South Africa. The dismantling kwehurumende rakatanga muna 1989-90 pasi yakawedzera kuomesa kweEurope uye kunyanya United States, akazivisa kamwe zvakare ake "kushingirira" nokuda hweruzhinji kupote nyika. Vakatya chaiye zveupfumi uye enyika zvirango, emo zvoupfumi vepamusoro anomanikidzwa gujunura rusaruraganda muSouth Africa. Muna 1990 vakawanda ruregero vasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika uye abolition mitemo musaruraganda. Uye muna 1994, nyika vakagamuchira mutungamiri wayo wokutanga dema munhau.

Chii chakanga ipapo navo

Nhasi, South Africa kuti rusaruraganda - icho chete ungira kare. Zvisinei, nokuti vanhu vakawanda zviri noushamwari kare kuti zvaiva nani nyika iyi rima. Access ravaIndia vanhu kuna entrepreneurial danho, dzidzo uye zvematongerwo enyika - Ichokwadi, zvakanaka divi. Zvisinei, panguva imwe chete zvinoshamisa zvakawedzera padanho mhosva ehurumende. "Black" vakawanda havana kuva akachengeteka zvikuru uye kufara. Izvi makakatanwa munzanga, kane makore kuvenga nokuda Vadzvinyiriri, vazukuru Boers akashandura upenyu kuva hondo vapone ari mhosva ezvinhu.