Rachmaninov: pasi. Anozivikanwa basa Rachmaninoff

Mukuru Russian Munyori, Pianist uye kondakita Sergey Vasilevich Rahmaninov ndiye muvambi akawandisa mabasa Genres dzakasiyana - kubva yokunyora nokudhirowa kusvika dhanzi. mumhanzi yake penya anozivikanwa pasi rose. Famous mabasa Rachmaninov uye ruzha nhasi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika. Kuita mumhanzi Munyori akatanga 5 makore uye paaiva 13, akatanga kuna Tchaikovsky, akarumbidza tarenda rake.

Mabasa Rachmaninoff akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya romanticism uye lyricism, simba uye rusununguko. A rinokosha mashoko ari mumhanzi wake dingindira racho Motherland.

Mabasa Rachmaninov - Pamazita

Heino mazita mabasa akapa nyika munyori:

• Concerts zvina piyano uye boka revaimbi;
• symphonies matatu;
• operas matatu;
• Suite "Symphonic nokupembera";
• Vocalise nokuti inzwi uye piyano, yakatsaurirwa dhanzi muimbi Antonine Nezhdanovoy;
• 3 detembo ( "Muchinda Rostislav", "mabhero" uye "Chitsuwa akafa");
• 2 nezvimwe
• Pieces shanu Piano kufunga;
• 2 Sonatas nokuti Piano;
• sonata uye zvidimbu zviviri chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello uye piyano;
• Capriccio pamusoro yechiGypsy themes;
• Two Pieces nokuti chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello uye Piano;
• cantata "Spring";
• Pieces nokuti Piano Four Hands Six
• 2 mabasa nokuti korasi acapella;
• "Cliff" vantaziya.

Uye Preludes, Etudes, nziyo, nziyo Russian uye zvichingodaro.

Makore Student, munyori

Muna 1882 Sergey akapinda Conservatory muSt Petersburg, uye muna 1885 vakaramba mimwe dzidzo yake panguva Moscow Conservatory kare panguva mahofisi maviri - piyano uye sezvamunoita. Muna 1981 Rachmaninov pamwe chinokudza kudzidza piyano, uye gore papera zvidzidzo kunyora.

Anoshanda pedyo Rachmaninoff (zvawanyora), izvo zvakanga zvakanyorwa yake mudzidzi makore:

• Concerto nokuti piyano uye boka revaimbi №1;
• Youth Symphony;
• symphonic detembo "Muchinda Rostislav," rakanyorwa zvinobikwa NdiTolstoy, iyo kutanga Kwaiitirwa kuruzhinji pashure yemunyori rufu;
• dhanzi "Aleko", iro akava pasi kuti nhetembo, AS Pushkin, aiva basa chinyorwa pamusoro Rachmaninov pamusoro murwiyo dhipatimendi.

Mabasa akanyorwa mumakore 1893-1899

Muna 1893, Rachmaninoff akanyora Elegiac Trio vanoda "Memory ane Artist Great", izvo zvakatsaurirwa kuna Petru Ilichu Chaykovskomu uye zvakasikwa pachiitiko rufu rwake. basa iri rinogona kunzwika vafirwa uye panguva imwecheteyo inonaka kuyeuka munhu mukuru, uyewo nharo ouzivi sei imhute upenyu. Other mabasa Rachmaninoff, waakanyora munguva kubva 1893 kusvika makore 1899: mashoko symphonic kufungidzira "Cliff" Musical Panguva kuti piyano kuvhurira kuti piyano muna C-unopinza tuzvikanganiso. 1895 aizivikanwa achinyora Symphony №1, izvo premiered maviri chete makore ayo zvisikwa. Symphony rakakundikana, munyori akatora pachavo akawanda creatively kusauka makore akaita sechituso Pianist uye kondakita, kunyora nziyo haisi kuroorana.

1900s in rokusika muupenyu munyori

Panguva ino, munyori Unokunda emunyori misa , uye akatanga zvakare kunyora. Kubvira ipapo anotanga zvibereko kupfuura nguva basa rake. Musical mabasa ose Rachmaninoff, akasika mumakore aya:

• kubhendi wechipiri piyano uye boka revaimbi;
• Sonata nokuti chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello uye piyano;
• cantata "Spring", iyo akasika ndima N. A. Nekrasova;
• Symphony №2;
• №3 konzati nokuti piyano uye boka revaimbi;
• kwakakwidibira matauriro detembo "Isle Vakafa", iro akafuridzirwa munyori wacho-chena dema-uye kopi usingaonekwi mifananidzo Arnolda Beklina.

Munguva kubva 1904 kusvika 1906 Sergey akanyora maviri chete-chiito dhanzi, "Francesca mambo Rimini" by Dante, "The Miserly Knight" nemabasa Alexander Pushkin. Muna 1906, ivo operas maviri akaiswa Bolshoi Theater, asi mukurumbira kwakapararira haana kugamuchira. Panguva iyoyowo yaaishandira pamusoro dhanzi Rachmaninov "Monna Vanna" (inobva nyaya yacho kutamba ne M. Maeterlinck), asi akaramba konekwa.

Muna 1910, munyori akatendeukira kuna choral mumhanzi uye akanyora Divine yokunamata St. John Chrysostom, muna 1913 - the nhetembo "zvitare", uye muna 1915 - tsika rwiyo "All-Night Vigil." maviri kemabhuku Preludes kuti Piano zvakasikwa uye kemabhuku vazhinji, "Etudes-mifananidzo."

Muna 1917 munyori akaenda rwavakaita uye kudzokera Russia haana kudzokera. Kusvikira rufu rwake, akagara muUnited States. Mumakore okutanga makore mapfumbamwe hwake kuutapwa Sergey handina kunyora nziyo. Panopera vapfumbamwe makore akanyora №4 Concerto kuti Piano uye Orchestra (kwete mabasa zvakare yakakurumbira panguva yevupenyu hwake kuti akanga hachizobudiriri mhindu naye kanoverengeka), "Songs Three Russian" (zvaimushungurudza basa, umo iri midzi kupanga Russia) , Variations ari dingindira Corelli (izvo kujairika nokuda Genre ichi mimhanzi chimiro), yakakurumbira Rhapsody pamusoro dingindira Paganini Symphony №3, «Symphonic vachitamba" kuti chikwata chevaimbi. mabasa Recent nokuda Rachmaninoff azadzwa rokusuwa kumusha.

kumabasa

Rounding kubva nhoroondo Russian dzenhoroondo dzorudo kuti pre-echimurenga nguva Vocal mabasa kubudikidza Rachmaninov. List nziyo yakanyorwa Sergei Vasilyevich mumakore dzakasiyana:

• "Panguva masuo wemamongi" riri nhetembo kubudikidza M. Yu Lermontova.
• "In rakanyarara usiku" mumashoko A. Fet;
• "Unoyeuka here kana manheru" pamusoro ndima AK NdiTolstoy;
• "April" iri shanduro kubva yakakurumbira French V. Tushnova;
• "Regai ndiimbire, runako yangu," riri nhetembo naA S. Pushkina;
• "River Lily" mumashoko A. Pleshnova G.Geyne;
• "Spring mvura" riri nhetembo kubudikidza Tyutchev;
• "Oh, regai kuva kusuruvara" mumashoko A. Apukhtina;
• "Ivo vakati," shanduro yendima Viktora Gyugo;
• "Usiku, mumunda" mumashoko Alexander Blok;
• "Au" pamashoko Balmont.

Mabasa dzakakurumbira S.Rakhmaninov

Huge nhaka akasiya kuvazukuru mumwe mukuru Vanyori Russian - Rakhmaninov. Mabasa inozivikanwa kwazvo Sergei Vasilievich: ndivo vatatu operas ake, concertos nokuda piyano, Rhapsody pamusoro Theme pamusoro Paganini, Suite "Symphonic vachitamba" Vocalise kuti inzwi uye piyano, asi nhetembo "zvitare", kumabasa.

Akakurumbira "Vocalise" zvakanyorwa nokuda sezvinoreva kana soprano, asi vachiri kuita zvakawanda kuti wayo soprano. The vocal vakaimba pasina mashoko, mumwe (kana) ari nzvanyira inzwi. Basa riri vakarongawo rokuita pamwe mumhanzi, kwaya kwaya, kwaya pasina vocalist nokuda paku soloists, pane mhirikiro dzakawanda basa iri.

Suite "Symphonic vachitamba" rakanyorwa muutapwa muna 1940 uye aiva nebasa wekupedzisira Sergei Vasilievich, iye akasika nayo kwemakore matatu asati afa. mumhanzi iyi zvose yonhuwa kufunganya pamusoro zvichaitirwa vanhu takatakura Second World War.

Opera "Francesca mambo Rimini" - nyaya yake yatorwa Divine Dante raMwari Comedy. Munyori ari libretto nokuda dhanzi ichi chakava M. I. Chaykovsky.

Nhetembo "zvitare"

Zvichida anozivikanwa zvikuru mabasa Rachmaninov - a symphonic detembo ". Zvitare" Zvakanyorwa kuti soloists matatu (baritone, sezvinoreva, soprano), korasi uye chikwata chevaimbi. The eponymous detembo kubudikidza Edgar Allan Poe aiva musimboti basa iri. Nhetembo ine zvikamu zvina zvakasiyana hunhu, izvo zvinoratidza kuti nzendo siyana upenyu hwevanhu. Parts 1 ne2 (muchato chime uye mabhero) achitaura mufaro rwakanyarara, zvikamu 3 uye 4 - ndiwo aramu, wemariro bhero kuti inonzwika zvinosuruvarisa. Mugove wokutanga Allegro sezvinoreva ano; yechipiri chikamu Lento ano soprano - rinonzwika rin'i dzomuchato, uye mimhanzi nezverudo; chetatu Presto anoita kwaya uye kwaya - nenzwi aramu, mimhanzi inotaura kutya; ari wechina chikamu baritone ano - pano unonakidza rufu kutandadza of music - kuratidzwa rufu. Mumashoko Rachmaninoff, ibasa rake, aida pamusoro vamwe vose uye kuti ndizvo zvaakaita kunyanya nechido.

Opera "Aleko"

Operas Rachmaninoff dzakawanda. The chaizvo chokutanga dhanzi ake, zvaakakunyorerai somudzidzi panguva Conservatory, - "Aleko" pamusoro nhetembo naAlexander Pushkin kuti "vechiGypsy". Yaiva chinyorwa pamusoro wenziyo. Librettist VI Nemirovich-Danchenko. Kuratidzwa rakaitirwa papera gore muna Bolshoi Theater uye rakanga rakabudirira. In yakakura chaizvo dhanzi raiva guru Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky. In nyaya rakaisvonaka wechigypsy musikana zemfira alters murume Alec wechiduku wechigypsy, uyo kudanana. Aleko mukutsamwa anouraya zemfira anoda uye akazvifukidza. Roma regai kusiya pachavo kuti utsinye chiito Aleko uende, vachimusiya voga kushushikana kwake.

Rhapsody pamusoro Theme pamusoro Paganini

Sergeya Rahmaninova anoshandira piyano uye chikwata ndezvimwewo kupfuura akakurumbira mabasa ake. Rhapsody pamusoro Theme pamusoro Paganini ndomumwe wavo. basa akanyorwa kuutapwa. Inoitwa 24 kusiyana pamusoro dingindira rimwe yakakurumbira Caprice Niccolo Paganini - Caprice №24. Ichi chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira mabasa Rachmaninov nhasi, anogona kunzwikazve Shandurwa kune dzimwe nemafirimu akawanda.