Public Health Administration of Russian Federation: ari nhengo, nhanho

представляет собой одно из ключевых направлений госполитики. Public Kutarisirwa mumunda Occupational kuchengeteka uye utano mumwe kiyi zvataurwa ehurumende itsika. Chaizvoizvo Its ndiko kusika zvinhu nokuda kwayo upenyu, kuchengetedza utano rwekuita vemo. . Gare gare munyaya ichakurukurwa zvakadzama sechivako ehurumende Occupational kuchengeteka uye utano zvakanaka.

General unhu

предполагают разработку нормативных актов, определение требований к производственным средствам, используемым технологиям, гарантирующих безопасные рабочие условия, защиту здоровья и жизни персонала. Sangano Occupational kuchengeteka uye utano, voruzhinji kutarisira basa kudzivirirwa inosanganisira pave nemitemo, tsanangudzo zvinodiwa kugadzirwa zvivako, mabikirwo rinoshandiswa nechokwadi yakakotsekana vachishanda zvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza utano uye upenyu yevashandi. Mugadziriro wehurumende gwara vanotenderwa mitemo kuitira Kuzadziswa kodzero dzevashandi iri yekare.

zvinangwa

включает в себя комплекс мероприятий, которые выполняются уполномоченными инстанциями, наделенными надзорными, координирующими, разрешительными, регулирующими и прочими функциями. Public kuchengeteka kutarisirwa hurongwa kunosanganisira zvakawanda zvinhu anoitwa nomazvo zviremera mhosva kutungamirira, ekufambisa, kutyora, pamutemo uye mamwe mabasa. The chikuru zvebasa mutemo uri:

1. Development uye Implementation pamusoro yeUnited bazi uye Regional zvirongwa kunatsiridza kushanda ezvinhu.
2. Vanobatsira kuronga uye Implementation zviyero zvainanga kuunza vakachengeteka yevashandi.
3. Madzivirirwe kubviswa kutyorwa pamutemo uye pamutemo zvinodiwa kuti yekare.

Ndiani anoita mamiriro kudzora Occupational kuchengeteka uye utano?

Kutsunga kwavo uye kugadzwa tichitarisa bhuku kwakavakirwa mazano ane yeUnited nemamiriro nyika, enshrined muBumbiro reMitemo. Maererano zvokudya Article 5, vari:

1. Kubatana uye kuvimbika ehurumende simba.
2. Kuparadzaniswa kwemasimba uye vanotongwa vachiitisa kwematunhu uye batana masangano.

Правительством. State kurapa basa chokudzivirira kuitwa Hurumende. mabasa ayo anogona kuitwa zvakananga kana kuburikidza kuMudzidzisi eHurumende. реализуют полномочия по поручению Правительства. Miviri wehurumende OSH utariri pakutevedzera masimba vachimiririra Government. Rinotaurawo inorondedzera miganhu kugona kwavo. действуют в соответствии с Положениями, актами, регламентирующими взаимодействием между институтами исполнительной власти. Vanotongwa wehurumende OSH utariri ushande maererano Regulation, yakabatsira yokudzora nesungano pakati masangano anemasimba bazi. Zvinyorwa izvi zviri anotendwa nemirayiro hurumende.

anokosha inisitichusheni

Sezvo riri Ministry of Labor. On mirairo Hurumende, izvozvo zvokurimisa mashandiro ari kukura wehurumende nemaitiro uye normative murau ukama chokuita yekare. осуществляется Министерством путем самостоятельного принятия нормативных актов: Administration pamusoro Occupational akachengetwa Ushumiri nemapoka akazvimirira sarudzo mirayiro:

1. Order simbiso pokuita zvinoitwa Kuronga hwakagadzwa zvinodiwa.
2. Mitemo nokudzidziswa uye yokuedzwa mitemo kuchengetedza basa. The mugumisiro Act uyu unoshanda vashandi vose, kusanganisira mamaneja uye vashandirwi netumedu Entrepreneurs.
3. Nzira kurovedzwa kubva nomumwe Mapato vanhu insured kuzorwa Occupational zvirwere uye tsaona.
4. The pamazita basa iro accreditation kunodiwa kupa, mitemo mufambiro wayo.
5. Zvinotarisirwa kuti uwandu vashandi uye maumbirwo kuchengeteka mabasa ari vachida.
6. Mitemo RT uye womuenzaniso nemirau, kuchengeteka mitemo.
7. Of nhungamiro kutsanangura pamutemo zvinodiwa kuti utano uye kuchengeteka.
8. Model zvokudya pamusoro mabasa komiti (komiti) of yekare.

решают вопросы в рамках своей компетенции. Nedzimwe nhengo weHurumende OSH utariri vanosarudza zvinhu mukati kugona kwaro. mazwi avo panotaurwa chinorondedzerwa muna Regulation, uye dzimwe mirayiro. Somuenzaniso, zviri 100 TC nyaya (ch. 2), asi specificity yokushanda nguva, zororo nguva yevashandi vanobatanidzwa iri zvekufambisa, mune foni uye dzimwe sectors hwenyika ane akasiyana hunhu kwebasa, maererano nemirau wakasiyiwa hurumende, iri pakutsvaga akakodzera batana hurumende nemasangano mu kufambisa pamwe Ministry of Labor.

The mabasa anemasimba nemasangano

– деятельность, предполагающая привлечение различных ведомств, министерств и учреждений. Public Health Administration of Russian Federation - basa, zvichireva kunobatanidza siyana madhipatimendi, shumiro uye masangano. A rinokosha basa nayo nokuda yeUnited Executive masangano. Vachiita supervisory uye kuzvidzora mashandiro, nechokwadi kuti vashandirwi chigadzirirwe nezvaidiwa. предполагает выявление случаев нарушения нормативных предписаний, причин их допущения. State kutarisirwa mumunda Occupational kuchengeteka kunosanganisira kuziva kutyorwa pamutemo zvinodiwa, zvikonzero rubvumo kwavo. Mvumo kumasangano vaifanira kudzivirira zviito zvisiri pamutemo. Kuti vaite izvi, vane kodzero kushandisa chokudzivirira, matanho, zvinhu nezviyero simba chakabatikana kudzivisa kana kubvisa migumisiro asiri zvaidiwa nomutemo zvokudya uye zvimwe mabasa vagari uye zviri pamutemo masangano.

nuances

Federal Masangano pakutevedzera nomumwe mabasa yokupira murau, kuzvidzora uye cherechedzo uye kutyora mashandiro, vanofanira Pazvisarudzo zvose zvakaitwa kubudikidza navo, uye kuita mabasa okuita pamwe Ministry of Labor. Mumirau Ushumiri akasimbisa simba ravo yekare. Kunyanya, achiita yokudzora mabasa Bazi Energy, aifarirwa kusarudza 12 October hurumende. Of 2000, anogovera kuti zviri mukati kugona yaro:

1. PaChikoro Implementation wehurumende gwara iri Occupational kuchengeteka.
2. Anovandudza uye anoramba maindasitiri nemirau, zvakanangwa zvirongwa kuvandudza kushanda ezvinhu, monitors Implementation yavo.
3. Munyaya pakuongorora ruzivo zvinodiwa mamaneja uye michina vatungamiri (Ch. Engineers) ari mafuta uye simba yakaoma, pasinei norudzi pfuma.
4. Zvokurimisa matanho kuitira nemwaranzi yakachengeteka mune simba yakaoma.

Kwevari paruzhinji kuchengeteka utariri

On nharaunda nyaya ehurumende nomutemo kuti tibu- yakachengeteka okuwana mabasa kuri chinozoiswa nokuda mvumo masangano ehurumende mukati kugona kwavo. Iyewo, akatsunga nokuda romunharaunda pamutemo mabasa maererano nomutemo batana. Somuenzaniso, muna Tyumen mudunhu simba nezvenyaya kutarisira kuti miganhu hurumende masangano, madhipatimendi, mabasa, matare, madhipatimendi pakutsvaga kuMudzidzisi mutemo, vakagamuchirwa nokuda romunharaunda Duma musi February 12. 1998 In Moscow, ari kukwanisa masangano kwesimba pakutsvaga Regulation yakatenderwa chirevo Moscow hurumende guta musi December 23. 1997 ed. musi April 15. 2003

Nemirau mitemo

реализуется через утверждаемые нормативные акты. State kurapa basa chokudzivirira chinozoiswa kuburikidza vanotenderwa mirayiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira mitemo Occupational utano uye kuchengeteka. mabasa aya dzinoshanda vashandi vose makambani ose. Standards uye mitemo zvingava sectoral, muchinjikwa sectoral, kana kutorwa pane munharaunda pamwero. , совместно либо по согласованию с объединениями профсоюзов. Kutanga kunotenderwa nomazvo nezviremera, shumiro, zviremera supervisory, pakutevedzera pamusoro mamiriro kwokubatsira basa yokuchengeteka, pamwe chete kana chibvumirano nemugwagwa mubatanidzwa shamwari. mirau iyi anoshanda chete dzakananga sectors norudzi upfumi. Cross-indasitiri mitemo uye mitemo zvinosanganisira vakachengeteka zvinodiwa kuti mamwe mabasa kana zvokushandisa, zvivako akashandiswa sectors dzakawanda. mapepa Local vanogamuchirwa chimwe kambani, kufungisisa chaizvo yemabasa ayo.

mirayiridzo

Ivo kugadzirira maererano zvokudya nechipo iri bhizimisi uye muchinjikwa-indasitiri mitemo nemirayiro. . Mvumo yemirau Ibasa madhipatimendi, shumiro, supervisory zviremera, pakutevedzera mamiriro utariri zvebasa kudzivirirwa. Pahwaro neezvitendero mabasa, vashandirwi zvinokura uchibvumira mapepa veko yekare. Mirayiridzo yakadaro kuisa kuchengeteka mitemo kuti kugadzirwa basa, unhu boka, kusanganisira, zvikurukuru munzvimbo, kuvaka nzvimbo uye zvichingodaro. Zvakananga pamusoro worksites utano uye kuchengeteka yevashandi inopiwa nomutoro vanhu. Sezvo avanotarisira kuti nyasha namaneja, zvitoro uye zvichingodaro. In mabasa ayo, nomutoro vanhu vanotungamirirwa mitemo State, utsanana dzemunharaunda uye mitemo akaisa pasi kuti zvikuru mhando basa.

chirevo №1160

. Maererano naye, akashanda mirau yose, kuburikidza icho zvokurimisa mamiriro utariri zvebasa kudzivirirwa. The zvokudya Regulation kumanikidza vamwe zvinodiwa kuti zviito kuitika panguva RT zvinodiwa. mirau iyi dzinosanganisira:

1. chengetedzo mitemo.
2. Typical mirayiridzo mitemo yekare.
3. Utsanana mitemo uye mitemo kupa zvikonzero okuwana zvinodiwa.

Draft mirayiro musi yekare

Ivo dzinokudziridzwa:

1. Associations, mabhizimisi, masangano, non-budgetary ehurumende mari, shamwari.
2. Federal muzvikoro Executive simba, pakutevedzera mabasa chokuita kukura wehurumende nemaitiro uye normative pamutemo murau mumunda kutaurwa. Panguva iyoyo kukura indasitiri shamwari akapindwa vamiririri vashandirwi uye dzaishandiswa mibatanidzwa.

Draft mitemo, kusanganisira zvaidiwa yekare, achitungamirirwa nomudzimu masangano, mabhizimisi, shamwari, non-budgetary ehurumende mari, shamwari yacho yeUnited Executive muviri kuti zvokurimisa mashandiro anoita hurumende kurapa basa kudzivirirwa. Pasina urongwa hwakadaro, magwaro anowanika panguva Ministry of Labor. Direction gwaro zviito achibudiswa zvemagetsi uye bepa fomu. Panyaya iyi, urongwa zvinyorwa maererano yeUnited eHurumende vari vasiyana kwavari pakuguma shamwari sectoral kuti vashandirwi uye dzaishandiswa mibatanidzwa. Acts, ane pamusoro nezvaidiwa, Bazi Labor akabudisa pashure hanya pamusangano pakati tripartite komisheni anokonzera kugarwa evanhu uye basa ukama.

Changes MAPEPA

Kuchinja mabasa, kusanganisira dzimwe nezvaidiwa, akaita Ministry of Labor. Order Kuchinja zvavakatemerwa ne ehurumende Mutemo №1160. Kuchinja mabasa anoitwa:

1. Kana kushandura mitemo yekare.
2. Maererano migumisiro misoro kudzidza ezvinhu uye zvinokonzera Occupational zvirwere uye kukuvara Occupational.
3. Inobva Kuongororwa zvezvipfuwo uye dzakawanda ruzivo kuvandudza pamutemo kuumbwa, kuvandudza basa mamiriro ari mafekitari.
4. Maererano tinyatsonzwisisa kushanda nzvimbo advertising zvabuda, uyewo zviratidzo zviri mberi mune Implementation kuti ruzivo uye michina mitsva.
5. On the vaitaura pamusoro yeUnited Executive masangano uye vepurovhinzi, kusanganisira vakadengezera mabasa, kusanganisira basa kudzivirirwa zvinodiwa ne dzakawanda nemitemo. Recommended chiito panguva anofanira kururamiswa.

Trade mibatanidzwa anogona kubatanidzwa pokumuka mapurogiramu mamiriro pamusoro yekare uye mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza, kugadzirira pamutemo uye mamwe mabasa yokudzora nokure basa unodzivirira, kwezvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka uye Occupational zvirwere. Uyezve, ushamwari zvinoongororwa daily pashure aurayiwe mirayiridzo.

Health uye vakachengeteka

Zvinofanira kuonekwa sezvo misoro hurongwa zviyero zvainanga kudzivirirwa wacho uye zvakatipoteredza yaanogara, kubva njodzi kunobva zvimwe zvinhu. The zvakawanda kunzwisisa zviri, zvikuru chiine hurongwa ichapa kudzivirira. Nokuti paumbwe vanzwe vakachengeteka zvinoitwa mabasa anodiwa kuita zvinotevera zvinangwa:

1. Kuita zvizere kuongorora dzacho kunobva Implementation ane basa.
2. Iva hubudirire kwevanhu kudzivirirwa matanho, uye zvakatipoteredza umo riri kubva dzakaonekwa kutyisidzirwa. Activities vanofanira kuuya kunonyanyisa chaizvoizvo pamwe shoma kuti mutengo.
3. Kudziridza matanho kudzivirira pamusoro residual njodzi chaizvo mabasa.

Software inobva

Labor chokudzivirira chinozoiswa kuburikidza mitemo, mitemo, sangano, utsanana, zvekushandisa, socio-zvoupfumi matanho zvainanga kuunza vakachengeteka, kushanda zvakanaka uye ndichengetedze utano hwevanhu vari kugadzirwa zvakatipoteredza. Pari, yekare anoonekwa sezvo rinokosha basa kuti vatungamiriri emakambani nemasangano ehurumende simba. Labor kudzivirirwa chinhu vasingasiyani kubatana pamwe sayenzi siyana. Pakati pavo, physiology, zvepfungwa, maindasitiri engineering dzezvoupfumi, maindasitiri toxicology, muitiro kushandisa michina, uye zvichingodaro. In rokuchinjwa uye kuvandudzika mamiriro ezvinhu enyika nounyanzvi basa zvikuru kukosha ndiko kushandiswa yepamusoro mashoko Ezvemutauro. Implementation zviyero kuderedza kuitika njodzi uye runogonesa basa vashandi, kuwedzera negoho, kuderedza kurasikirwa. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, basa hunonyatsobatana kuti kwezvakatipoteredza kwakachengeteka. KUTSVAGA tsvina, gasi choutsi, kwerunyararo hwevhu uye kupora, Anti vibration uye ruzha, ichipa kudzivirirwa zvinokonzerwa electrostatic minda nezvimwe zvinhu kukonzera kuti paumbwe zvakanaka kugadzirwa ezvinhu. A rinokosha iri ndohwavo hurumende. Federal uye vepurovhinzi vakatanga siyana zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa kudiwa nyaya pamusoro yekare. Development yemabasa kunze panguva iyoyowo kufungisisa chaizvo pakati sectors uye mabasa, kufungisisa zvido vashandi pachavo uye vashandirwi.