Policy yokurwa komiyunizimu: pfupi pamusoro zvinokonzera, kosi uye zvabuda

To zvakanaka kubata kuti ari mutemo hondo komiyunizimu, kumboongorora voruzhinji manzwiro pamakore kugadzikana iri Civil War, uyewo nzvimbo Bolshevik Party munguva iyi (nayo kuita hondo uye mutemo wehurumende).

Makore 1917-1921 kunge nguva zvakaoma munhoroondo nyika yedu. Saka vakagadzira hondo weropa dzakawanda mumativi akasiyana uye kunzwisisa geopolitical mamiriro ezvinhu

Mutemo hondo komiyunizimu: pfupi pamusoro mamiriro of CPSU (b)

Nokufamba kwenguva ino yakaoma, munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana aimbova rezvitendero zvose munda wayo vakarwa vakawanda Vakwikwidzi. Mauto eGermany; vemo mauto emarudzi vari kuedza kusika kwavo mamiriro pamusoro mumatongo hwacho (semuenzaniso, inotungamirwa UNR); Songaniro vemo vanhu, akarayira vepurovhinzi; Matanda, uyo nechisimba muna 1919 pamusoro Ukrainian ndima; White Guard kaunda-kuipandukira; Omubatanidzwa achangopfuura paumbwe Entente; uye pakupedzisira, kuti Bolshevik dzakabatana. Under izvi ezvinhu, imwe kiyi chakafanira kuti vakunda wevasungwa izere Mauto uye kuunganidza ekudzidza zviwanikwa zvose nokuda kweuto kukundwa nevavengi vose. Chaizvoizvo, kuunganidza ichi pamusoro chikamu vaKomonisiti uye raiva neuto komiyunizimu vakadzinganiswa ari CPSU (b) kubva mumwedzi wekutanga muna 1918 kusvika March 1921.

Policy yokurwa komiyunizimu: pfupi nezvokuva kwehurumende

Nokufamba ayo Implementation pakati mutemo kwakaita chaizvo dzinopesana mazano. Its huru dzaiva matanho anotevera:

- the nationalization yose zvakaoma pamusoro bhizimisi uye munyika rwezvemabhengi hurongwa;

- State chindingindingi vanorumwe dzaishandiswa;

- rokumanikidzirwa basa rose vagari anokwanisa basa;

- chikafu udzvinyiriri. Hazvina pfungwa iyi yava kupfuura vakavengwa vanhuwo zvavo, nekuti anounza zvechisimba kupambwa zviyo vachifarira varwi, nenzara guta. Requisitioning uye hwanhasi akasiyira muenzaniso utsinye ari Bolsheviks, asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nokubatsirwa yaro yekudyidzana ndokudzora matambudziko zvokudya vashandi mumaguta.

Policy yokurwa komiyunizimu: pfupi pamusoro maitiro VOKUPARIDZIRA

Zvakajeka, hondo necommunism yaiva nzira kumanikidza kumanikidza vakawanda kuwedzera kusimba basa nokuti kukunda ose Bolsheviks. Sezvambotaurwa, unorema Russian Kusagutsikana - murimi mudiki nyika panguva - kunokonzerwa requisitioning. Zvisinei, muna nokururama, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti zvakafanana unyanzvi vakashandisa uye nevachena. Iye Zvinonzwisisika kubva mamiriro ezvinhu munyika kubva World Wokutanga Civil War zvachose tsika zvokutengeserana Links pakati kumaruwa uye dzomumaguta munzvimbo. Izvi zvakaita kuti anosiririsa mamiriro maindasitiri mazhinji. Paiva kusagutsikana pamwe mutemo War Communism, uye mumaguta. Pano, panzvimbo anokarirwa kuwedzera basa negoho uye dzisangopfuma nekusiyana, paiva kwakaderera chirango kumabasa. Replacement kare furemu mutsva (vaiva vaKomonisiti, asi kwete nguva dzose vanokwanisa mamaneja) chakaita kuti kuoneka kwokuderera bhizimisi uye kuderera kweupfumi unongotaura.

Zvaizobuda Civil War: zvishoma pamusoro huru

Pasinei zvose nezvinetso, mutemo War chiKomonizimu achiri akazadzisa akagadzirira basa rake. Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo nguva dzose vabudirire, Bolsheviks vakakwanisa kuunganidza zvose masimba pamusoro pakaunda-chimurenga uye pakurwa. Panguva iyoyowo, akatumidza zvavo zvesimba uye zvakakomba vasanyanya kuti kutendeseka pakati CPSU (b) pakati miduku yokuruwa. Wokupedzisira chiito chakadaro guru raiva Kronstadt, iyo yakaitika muchirimo 1921. Somugumisiro, Lenin akatanga yezwi inonzi New Economic Policy. NEP muna 1921 nekukurumidza kubatsira kuvakazve upfumi.