PD-14 - injini. Turbofan injini: zviitiko itsva

Munguva ichangopfuura, sezvo chikamu IL-76LL rabhoritari nekuongororwa rakatanga, apo akaedzwa PD-14 - injini, izvo vaiona chinhu kukura inokosha pamusoro wechipfuwo vehurumende avhiyesheni matatu nemakore. Sei? Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda.

mamiriro

PD-14 - wechishanu chizvarwa injini pakati turbojet injini. Zviri kunzwisisa chakagadzirwa apo chinozoiswa itsva ouinjiniya mhinduro. Get kanenge imwe turbine chipande kutenderera ari kakawanda gumi nezviviri nokumukirana paminiti. Panguva iyoyo zvinoita anoita Centrifugal simba matani gumi namasere. Kwakadaro turbine mashizha vari kusvika makumi manomwe.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Pfungwa kusika injini akazviratidza pakutanga maviri kuzviuru JSC "Aircraft Engine". A yakareba kukura kunge akadzidza kuti pagadzirwe michina nyika vatungamiri panguva vakanga vakaongorora sezvo mhepo uye vaishandisa ndege. Nepo Russian musika vokune dzimwe nyika vagadziri zvikazara zvose. Yandirova zvakaoma uye mumhuri injini. Naizvozvo, Developers vaiva rakaoma, kwete chete kusvika padanho vatungamiriri venyika, asi kuti kunda huripo ruzivo, uyewo kuti zvipfuwo ndege yemakwikwi zvakatipoteredza, mutengo uye mutengo indices. Zviri pachena kuti kushandisa rakadai kwaisava nyore.

naizvozvo akasarudza kushandisa zvose zvakanakira zvezvipfuwo mabhizimisi uye kutsvakurudza Kudya kubudisa injini.

Nepfungwa huru kuvaka yakanga kuumba ano gasi jenareta rine parameters zvakadaro, pahwaro izvo zvaiita kuti kuvaka michina kugona siyana. Dzavo vakafunga yakaiswa pamusoro siyana ndege, uyewo pano mano rwendo - iri simba zvinomera uye zvivako kuti kupomba gasi. The gasi jenareta kereke yakaomesesa dzakakwirira voltage injini. Zvaiva kuburikidza kubatana yake dambudziko racho ragadziriswa iri urongwa akatevedzana kurimwa kuti siyana dzakabatana. Panguva iyoyowo yekudyidzana akaderedza mutengo nerimwe yemberi yokutevedzera. zvinhu zvose uye ruzivo yokugadzira havana kutorwa (uye zvirokwazvo asingagoni, kunyange kana munhu chido chakadaro akasimuka nokuti Data vari zvakavanzika uye asina kutaurwa), uye dzikabereka muRussia.

zvakavanzika

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuwedzera makambani Russian kuvaka ndege michina itsva chizvarwa michina zvinowanikwa chete muUnited States, France neBritain. Zvakaratidza kuti aiva vashomanana munyika pane avo kuti nhaka zvombo zvenyukireya uye vanokwanisa vomurova satellites muchadenga. China Somuenzaniso, kwemakore akawanda achiedza vabudirire mundima ino. Iye nyore vanokwanisa kutevedzera epamba Su-27, asi AL-31F injini, uye saka akaramba isina. Naizvozvo, nyika ino vachiri kumanikidzwa kutenga injini kare kwete ano muRussia. Ndokusaka kukura munharaunda iyi kurindwa neHurumende.

Akanyengetedza Developers uye vagadziri

Rese, vakanga vachironga kuti pave chirongwa, vakatsigira pfungwa. Muna 2006, ivo akasaina dzakati pamusoro pamwe Implementation, izvo akazova hwaro pamwe ramangwana.

The chirongwa akawana rutsigiro hurumende. Basa akanzi "PD-14." The Injini akatanga munguva JSC "Aircraft Engine", uye zvibereko nenguva JSC "MC UEC". Kuwedzera kune mikuru nemakambani ari Implementation kunosanganisira nhamba yokutungamirira emakambani ane avhiyesheni injini, bazi ne Institutes of Russian Academy of Sciences.

synchronous kugadzira

PD-14 - Turbofan injini maringe turbojet, ndiyo chezano matani 14. Mwari akaronga kuti iiswe mu ndege MS-21 (vari dzaona pamusoro nhamba vatakurwi kubva zana nemakumi matatu zana namakumi masere), izvo zvichaita kuti basa muna 2017. Naizvozvo ndege Injini pave synchronously chete MS 21 pacharo.

Kana chirongwa chinoshandisa anonzi Gate-rwokugadzira. Panoperera kunenge rinoitwa chaienzanirana kuongororwa, pamwe kutora chikamu nyanzvi - vamiririri vose masangano. Kuburikidza nzira iyi, kana zvakakodzera, kutarisira nguva kuchinja uye tidzivise zvikanganiso.

Chii chitsva ndicho injini

Hwaro wakaradzikwa muimba dzenhoroondo zvinogadzirisa, zvakaizadza rikaratidzwa rakavimbika yavo kukura PD-14. Injini panguva imwe chete ine ano kugadzira rwokugadzira. Rakashandiswa, akadai nickel uye titanium superalloys, izvo kuzadzisa zvinodiwa parameters. Nokudaro, Developers Russian vaita Qualitative achikwakuka kuvandudza, apo ndege injini kwakavandudza ose makuru zviratidzo.

Saka, chinotsva vapera ipfupi ne gumi kusvika gumi muzana. Pakatanga polymer zvinoumba zvinhu akavandudzika kurira attenuation uye kuderedzwa injini uremu. New siyana nezvinhu, pane vanenge makumi maviri.

High unhu kunokwanisika kubudisa gumi michina mikuru yaishandiswa. Kwekutanga injini haana kuzvishandisa. Naizvozvo, zvino pane rinoita kukura uye avo okusuma kupinda kugadzirwa.

Muna 2012, kuti aratidze injini pamwe akataura zviripo uye magadzirirwo zvinogadzirisa, yakabudirira vakapfuura bhenji miedzo injini-Michina demonstrator. zvabuda Excellent vakanga kubudirira pamusoro Acoustics, achine uye wethermodynamics.

Injini PD-14 nokurondedzerwa uye airworthy dzavo nekusimba anoshandisa rinokosha zvinodiwa kuti zvakashandiswa. The date bhangi, iyo yakanyorwa zvokuvakisa, rine mashoko ose pamusoro zvakadini STRUCTURAL simba, kwavanoshuva. zvinhu zvose zviri kuedzwawo chaiyo mumarabhoritari nhasi.

Zvebasa racho

Pokumuka injini achabatsirwa anotevera zvinangwa:

• akaderedza kugadzirwa mutengo;
• kuderedza kuvariritira uye kugadzira mari;
• pave akatsiga nokushanda mashandiro;
• kuderedza mafuta kunwa;
• uremu rutapudzo;
• kuderedza ruzha akabuda zvinokuvadza.

Pamwe chete basa injini, akasika mukana gadziriro vezvikwata mushure kutengeswa basa. Unosanganisira, kuwedzera kune Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kugadzira uye kugadzira, logistics zvinogadzirisa, garandi uye basa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha nokuti kuti ino ndiyo anenge vasiri aripo, sezvo mudzimba kugadzirwa ndege vakavhura wedzeredzei.

vimbisa kubudirira

chikumbiro kuti gwaro akanga pasi muna 2013 kusvika PD-14, uye pakupera 2015 nechekare vaedzwa.

Nokuti kuti chirongwa ari chinozoiswa neboka nhamba makambani uye kutsvakurudza Kudya, dzinovimbisa vakarongeka kushandisa bhajeti mari. Investments vari kukura uye iri chaiyo Implementation chirongwa, anobvumira kukurira backlog, yaiitwa mudzimai avhiyesheni indasitiri uye nheyo dzayo pakuzadzisa.

Kugadzirwa michina itsva iye zvino kuva abudirire somunhu oga tsika kuchabatsira kudzivirira ose zvikanganiso. Zviitiko zvose zviri kuziviswa munyika akaipa kubudirira chirongwa. All chirongwa vechikamu kuramba kubatsirwa tichiregeredza vamwe mirairo, izvo negates mukana kurasikirwa.

PD 7, PD-10, PD-14 pamusoro PS0-90

The chete mumhuri injini, iyo vakapakata airliners muRussia nhasi ndiye PS-90A. dzimwe ndege All vane dzimwe dzakabatana.

Project Developers vari kuronga uchatamisa mune remangwana ndege zvose Russian pamusoro mumhuri Motors itsva.

PS-90A - a turbofan injini. Turbojet mhando PD-14 rwakapedza zvinetso raivapo asati ndege michini, izvo zvaitadzisa kushandisa kwavo kwevagari avhiyesheni. Huru dambudziko iri rakakura mafuta zvinodyiwa uye simba ruzha. In chirongwa chitsva, izvi uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi kwakakurirwa, vachibvumira injini zvino kushandiswa vehurumende ndege.

Injini mhuri vanosanganisira PD-14 PD-7 aggregates ane traction kusvika 7900 makirogiramu, uye PD-10 vane chezano anosvika 9900 makirogiramu. The simba kupfuura shanduro PD-14M anokwanisa kuwedzera kutiza kure sezvo vaifanira mutoro, uye pasina izvozvo. Uye zvichaita chinozoiswa pamwe kuderedzwa mafuta norukosoro ne gumi kusvika gumi nemana muzana zvichienzaniswa avo pari ukapisa turbofan injini.

Raidiwa mudzimai uye vatorwa musika

Developers vane chivimbo chakazara muna ramangwana saturation injini PD-14 musika dzakawanda. Pakati shanu kukwikwidza ndege uchishanda zvipfuwo pamusika, MS-21 ane zvinokosha zvinobatsira kwenhamba vatakurwi. Anokwanisa kutakura vanhu mazana maviri negumi navaviri. Ngativerengei enzanisa: 737 anotakura vanhu 189 chete, uye Bombardier-CS300 - 135. chete Uyezve, kuwedzera Vhoriyamu mikwende, kupfuura uye nezvigaro. Izvi zvichaita aivabatsira uye rikurumidze vachizvitakudza kwacho uye vachidzikisa kutakura.

Chimwe chinokosha nani ndiko yakaderera Mari ndege. Kana zvipfuwo ndege, kuva zvakanaka mukati muinjini, zvinokosha madhora makumi manomwe nevasere mamiriyoni, 737, Somuenzaniso, mari kuti mapoka munenge zana mamiriyoni manomwe uye Bombardier-CS300 - mamiriyoni makumi masere.

Sezvo ramangwana kusunungurwa MS-21 pamusoro pamusika dzakawanda, pane kudaro kure ramangwana hazvinyatsozivikanwi. The chete chaiye wokumwe mutengi chinhu Malaysian kambani, akatotanga akarayira maviri namashanu ndege.

Pazvipfuwo Makambani ndarongedza ndege:

• "Aeroflot" - mashanu zvidimbu;
• "VEB-anoreva nhema" - matatu;
• "Ilyushin Finance" - maviri nevasere;
• "Sberbank anoreva nhema" - maviri;
• "IrAero" - gumi.

Chokwadi chokuti boka uye needu, uye vatorwa kusvikira iwe zvinoodza kutenga MS-21 inogona kwakabatana kunyange kukwana miedzo. Uyezve, pane dambudziko kushaya munhu dzakabudirira hurongwa basa pashure kutengeswa ndege.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mukuru President of Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin venhau pakupera 2015 pakapera chirongwa rinonzi PD-14 chinokosha yokuRussia injini chivakwa sezvo eighties remakore rechimakumi maviri, uye akaratidza chivimbo kuti injini dzedu itsva ichapfuura dzimwe analogues.

Naizvozvo, pane chikonzero chose kufanotaura kubudirira wechipfuwo dvigatele- nendege kuvakwa.