Nzira yekunyora yenyorwa: muenzaniso uye mazano

Nzira yekunyora kududzirwa sei? Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevakawanda, nokuti izvo zvinonzi "sammari" ("tsanangudzo" kubva muChirungu) zvinogona kudiwa zvose zvechinyorwa, uye purogiramu kana purojekiti. Zvichienderana nemashoko acho, zvakakosha zvinogona kuiswa pane zvinyorwa. Tichazviona.

Chii chinonzi abstract

Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, zvinyorwa zvinotsanangurwa. Iri shoko rakabva kunechiLatini pamwe chete, izvo zvinoreva "kutaura." Ndokusaka imwezve tsanangudzo yezvinyorwa ndeye tsanangudzo pfupi.

Nzira yekunyora kududzirwa

Saka, watoita mamwe mabasa akanyorwa. Iye zvino inoda kurongeka zvakanaka. Ndinonyora sei zvinyorwa zvebasa? Zvino iwe unonzwisisa kuti ichi hachisi chachinetso. Chinhu chikuru ndechokutevera mitemo yekutanga uye mazano anotevera:

• Isawo tsanangudzo yehurukuro huru;
• Nyora zvishoma nezvishoma;
• Simbisa chinhu chikuru;
• Taurira chinangwa chebasa kunze kwekupinda muzvinyorwa zvese;
• Kufunga.

Zvaunoda kuziva iwe usati wanyora zvinyorwa

Kuti munhu anosangana sei nezvipfeko, uye nyaya yesayenzi inosangana ne annotation. Basa rayo nderokuratidza kuti munyori anogona kukwanisa kugadzirisa nekuongorora zvinyorwa, uye muchidimbu, zvinonzwisisika uye zvakajeka kunzwisisa. Nzira yekunyora sei zvinyorwa kune imwe nyaya kuitira kuti basa riite seinooneka sezvinobvira?

Inokurudzirwa kuisa inotevera chirevo chekutaura:

• Nyaya ino inotaura ...
• Nyaya yacho inotanga chidzidzo ...
• Kunyanya kukoshesa kunonyanya ku ...
• Unhu hunhu hunosarudzwa uye hunotsanangurwa ...
• Kukosha kwechikamu ichi ...
• Munyori anotsanangura kuumbwa kwe ...
• Yakapiwa kururamisira kwe ...
• Ratidza maonero pa ...

Zvakakosha kusimbisa mumashoko ekunyora kuti izvo zvitsva zvebasa ndezvipi, zvinorevei pakati pevamwe, nei zvichifanira kuverengwa.

Mienzaniso

Ngationgororei muenzaniso wekunyora rondedzero kune chinyorwa (basa rine mapurogiramu ezvimbo elevators):

"Basa iri kuongororwa kwezvinobudirira zvakaitika mumunda we space aerotechnics, systematized mapurojekiti anokwanisa kuti kuve kwekusimudzira nzvimbo yepamusoro, kubva pane idzi data ndezvakanaka uye zvisingabatsiri zvemuenzaniso mumwe nomumwe."

Chirevo kune imwe nyaya yemari:

"Nyaya yacho inotanga chidzidzo mumunda wehurumende yekubhadhara uye kuwanikwa kwevanhu, uye inokurudzira kugadziridzazve kwehutano, zvichibva pakutsvakurudza kwekubhadhara kwemari uye hurongwa hwehutano hwehurumende dzakadai seUnited States, Britain neKorea, achifananidza kuchinja kwezvemari kweRussia Federation uye nyika idzi. Pakati pezvinetso zvemari muRussia nemafungiro ayo. "

Kumushandi

Muzvokwadi, sei kunyora kududzirwa kweprojekiti hakusi yakasiyana zvikuru neyokuisa samamari kune nenyaya yesayenzi. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, inyanzvi ndiyo inokosha inokosha. Saka, mumutsara, kutanga kwezvose, zvinofanira kuratidzwa izvo munyori akaunza nebasa idzva. Misiyano ndeyokuti abstract purojekiti inowanzokura uye yakakura kudarika nenyaya yacho.

Zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa nenzira imwecheteyo sokuti basa racho raitwa. Inofanira kunge yakajeka uye yakaoma kuisa mashoko ose. Kana iri purojekiti, izvi zvinoreva zvinotevera:

• Taura tsanangudzo;
• Icho chinonyanya kukosha yeprojekti ndicho chinangwa chekunyora kwayo;
• Ndezvipi matambudziko akaongororwa, chii chinonyanya kutaurwa;
• Ndezvipi zvakaguma zvekutsvakurudza / kuongorora kwakaitwa;
• Mhedziso, zvichibva mubasa rakaitwa.

Muenzaniso:

Sezvo mapurogiramu angave akasiyana zvachose, zvinyorwa kwavari zvakare zvinogona kuva zvakasiyana. Kuti uzive nzira yekunyora zvakajeka rondedzero, zviri nani kufunga nezvemienzaniso miviri.

Muenzaniso weurongwa hwezvemari:

• Basa reprojekiti: kuumbwa kwechigadzirwa chekuedza, chinobvumira kuwedzera chiyero che solvency chevagari vedunhu.
• Ipa mazano matsva ekubhengi achifunga nezvekudiwa uye kuiswa kwehutano huripo.

Matambudziko eprojekti:

• Basa rezvemhizha mune zvemari.
• Kuongorora kwedhesi uye tsika yekupa mazano nebhangi sechikonzero chekuwana ruzivo rwekutsvakurudza.
• Generalization uye kuumbwa kwemigumisiro inopfupikiswa mune fomu yekubika.

Project Content:

• Unganidza uye uenzanise maitiro emabhandi emabhangi kune vagari vemo.
• Kuenderera mberi kubva kuongororo, sarudza zvikonzero pamusoro pekudiwa kwebhengi mune imwe nzvimbo.
• Ziva kukanganisa kweizvi.

Kugadziriswa kweprojekti:

• Somugumisiro weprojekti, boka rekutsvakurudza rinoendesa mushumo pamusoro pebasa rakaitwa, zvichiratidza zvabuda uye kuguma.
• Nhengo imwe neimwe yemutambo inoratidza maonero avo pachavo nezvebasa rebhangi, vachivabatanidza nemutungamiri weboka racho.

Muenzaniso wezvinyorwa kune imwe purojekiti yezvidzidzo:

"Chinangwa chemaitiro chaiwo chaive, kutanga kwezvose, kugadzirwa kwepurogiramu inofanirwa kushandiswa nevakasara vanogaramo.

Purogiramu yakagadzirirwa maererano nemitemo yakarongwa mubasa rekugadzirira, zvido zvemudzidzisi uye zvinonzwisisika zvinogadziriswa pakushandiswa kwegurogiramu nemushure unoshandisa.

Chinangwa chisina kukosha chekambani yekugadzira kwaiva kuvandudzwa kweunyanzvi hwemudzidzi sehupenyu hwemangwana C ++, kukura kwekunzwisisa kwake zvaidiwa uye zvishuvo zvevatengi vanogona, kukwanisa kufunga zvakananga nekushanda munguva yakatarwa.

Pakugadzirisa dambudziko rakataurwa, BorlandC ++ Builder6Full software yakashandiswa.

Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chepurogiramu chakagadziridzwa danho nechiito:

• Itai kuti zvigadziro zvitsva zvakakosha muminda yakatarisana;
• Tsanangudzo yekugadzirisa, kushandura, kubva uye kuwedzera kwezwi idzva;
• Izvo zvinyorwa zvemamiriro ezvinhu ekubudiswa kwekushandurwa kweshoko rakapinda, kuratidzwa kweminda iyo shanduro inobviswa;
• Mukuwedzera, purogiramu yacho yakasungirirwa kune mavara maviri emafaira ane runyora rwemaChirungu neRussia mazwi nenzira yakakodzera, kune mukana wokuwedzera mazita uchishandisa purogiramu imwe chete.

Munharaunda yeBorlandC ++ Builder6Full software, fomu yewindo rekukurukurirana yakagadziridzwa, chinangwa chemweya yebhatani uye mawindo ekupinza / akabuda pane iri fomu yakatemwa.

Somugumisiro, purogiramu yakave yakanyorwa iyo inoshandura izwi rakapinda nemushandisi kana kupa mharidzo inotaura kuti hapana shoko rakadaro mu database. Mushandisi ane kodzero yekuzviwedzera pachake kana kuti kuwedzera (kusarudza). Kuburikidza kwegurogiramu kunofunga nezvezviitiko zvinogona kuitika pakupinda kwemashoko anopfuura rimwe mune zvakasiyana. "

Kupinda purogiramu

Purogiramu munyaya iyi inonzwisiswa se chirongwa chekudzidzisa, kureva, chirongwa chebasa rekuranga. Izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo uyu: sei kunyora rondedzero purogiramu?

Inofanira kuva ne:

• Zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki, maererano nezvakagadzirwa;
• Chinangwa chekudzidziswa kwevadzidzi, uye maawa akawanda yakagoverwa;
• Kuparidzirwa nehurukuro kana urongwa hwezvikamu zvikuru;
• Iko kuongorora kunoitwa sei, kangani, panguva ipi.

Pfungwa inokosha: munyori wemashoko akadaro haana kuratidzwa. Izvo zvakakoshawo kusiyanisa pfungwa dzechitsanangudzo chinyorwa uye chidimbu. Yokutanga yakawanda muhuwandu.

Mhedziso

Nyaya yacho inokurukura kuti unganyora sei annotation kune imwe nyaya, purojekiti, uye purogiramu. Paunenge uchinyora chero tsanangudzo, munhu anofanira kuyeuka izvo zvinyorwa zvinoreva. Muchidimbu, ndiyo mhinduro kumubvunzo, chii chinyorwa icho chakanyorwa. Saka, hapana nzvimbo mairi nokuda kwekutaura kusina maturo "kwete pamabhizimisi", asi kune chete kutaura kwakaoma uye kwakananga kwechokwadi.