Nguva, ndangariro uye PC waivako

Computer mazwi dzimwe nguva zvinoorora kunzwisisa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, inodzidzisa uye panguva imwecheteyo kwokupedzisira mutengi akatarisana zvimwe zvinetso rwokusarudza apo kutenga kombiyuta kana kunatsurudza configuration kwayo. To chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinoitwa PC ndiwo anonzi nguva. RAM kunoratidzwa kuva kakawanda parameter, izvo zvinoita unoshanda uyewo ukuru mushonga wanonoka dzimwe modules yacho pakombiyuta.

Asati kuenda kupindura mubvunzo chii nguva, isu rinorondedzera chikuru RAM - chero kuwana ndangariro.

Sei "gondohwe"

Random kuwana ndangariro (RAM, RAM) - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha chikamu chero kombiyuta. It kwenguva rinochengeta mashoko anodiwa kushanda processor. Mashoko kuchinjirwa iri nyaya kwaitika zvakananga kubva kuchengetera unit iri musimboti kana kuburikidza chaiwo Ultra-kutsanya ndangariro. Mumashoko nyore, kuyeuka - a microchips shoma kuti kuchengetera mashoko nokuda mushandisi zvose zvirongwa vachimhanya. Asi hazvina zvinogoneka pandingaunganidzira zvose hard drive yako, izvozvo zvakare kuyeuka? Zvinosuruvarisa kwete. Pfungwa yose nokukurumidza uye rakavimbika. The zvakaoma dhisiki nemotokari chinhu zvokuimba mudziyo ane pasi uchishandisa nokukurumidza (zvichienzaniswa CPU zvinodiwa) uye dzisina upfumi. RAM haana payakaipira izvi, zviri makasimba, uye upenyu hwayo hakutsamiri nhamba kwakafanorongwa.

kupatsanura

Pane mhando mbiri ndangariro:

• SRAM - kunofambira mberi RAM mhando;
• DRAM - simba mhando RAM.

Pasina kupinda zvose zvekushandisa zviri kuitwa SRAM-ndangariro zvinogona kunzi rinoparadza dzakadaro kutsanya. Uye kunonoka Data Kupfuudzwa ari RAM nechigumbuso kunoitika pakarepo. Zvinosuruvarisa kwemitengo yakadaro Implementation yakasiyana. Uyezve, bhuku kuyeuka module havabvumirwi kuti hwakanyatsorwisa guru kukura transistors. SRAM modules anoshandiswa sezvo Ultra-kutsanya cache ndangariro, rinoshandiswa pana processors, dzakaoma Zvifambiso nezvimwe modules kombiyuta.

The simba mhando RAM - ndiko zvose zvatinosiita rectangular rinoparadza, izvo iri motherboard. ndangariro ichi ane hwakanyatsorwisa pasi mari uye yakakwirira vhoriyamu. Asi zvidzidzo ayo vane zvainovhiringidzawo dzavo:

• Sezvo wonamatidza chine capacitor, zvakakodzera nguva dzose "regenerated" mhosva maari zvokuti mashoko hakuna akarasika. Basa iri kuteererwa CPU. Asi panguva yakadaro ndangariro mapindire kumisa akavhiyiwa zvose nayo.
• Kumhanya mapuranga iri duku zvikuru pane kunofambira mberi.
• It anobatsira basa rinokosha uye zvakanaka vakasarudzwa nguva. RAM mavhoriyamu makuru uye yakakwirira kakawanda havagoni kuratidza zvakafanira zvibereko nokuda kumusoro latency nguva dzose.

Mhando RAM

Pari zvino pane 4 mhando ndangariro modules:

• DDR - yakatopfuura RAM mhando rinoshandiswa pamakombiyuta akwegura kwazvo.
• DDR2 - kufanana namatombo RAM vanongogona kuwanikwa hrs vakuru vehurumende uye masangano edzidzo. Kumhanya ndangariro ichi haabvumiri kukurira rinorema-ano mafomu, asi zviri zvakakwana neshoko kubudiswa uye paindaneti.
• DDR3 - vakawanda ndangariro module. The simba kunwa ndiyo 40% shoma pane yakapfuura mhando, akadai ndangariro uchishandisa nokukurumidza iri yepamusoro zvikuru.
• DDR4 - shanduka kukura RAM. modules ava kukwanisa zvakazara kugutsa zvose zvinodiwa ano user. Kana optimum configuration chikwata inogona throughput yakaenzana 34,1 GB / c.

ndangariro timings

Zvino tinoziva kuti RAM. Eya, chii nguva? kunonoka ichi pakati kutumira uye Implementation rokuyeuka bhazi murayiro, iyo unotaurwa zvinogara.

DRAM ine masero akabatana munzvimbo mbiri-dimensional arrays. The Chimiro zvakafanana yekamuri, umo mune muchitokisi nzvimbo. Kuvhura controller nodes vanofanira kuziva kero dzavo, zvinosanganisira mutsara uye mbiru nhamba (Coordinates). The nomumwe arrays pamwe chete kukura masero ikashandiswa mune dzinonzi mabhanga.

Saka controller accesses wokutanga pamahombekombe mutsara kero chiratidzo Ras kuburikidza. Zvino kutsvaka zvakafanira mutsetse - iri kutenderera nguva Ras kuna CAS Kunonoka. Zvadaro, mukuru controller anotumira mbiru nhamba pamwe CAS-chiratidzo. Achimirira Achipindura chikumbiro chakadai anonzi CAS Latency. Nguva inonzi Ras Precharge murayiro ndiyo nguva pakati yokupedzisira mutsetse uye apiwa activation, Active kuna Precharge Kunonoka - pakati activation nokuvhara mirairo. Command Rate - ndiro shoma penguva pakati chero zvikwata zviviri.

Kana kutenga itsva RAM bhaa kunogona nyore chaizvo kuona nguva. RAM kunzi mwero zano: DDR3 (maitikiro) CAS Latency - Ras kuna CAS kunonoka - Ras Precharge - Cycle Time, mune chokwadi sokunge DDR3 2133 9-12-12-28.

Ndezvipi zviri nani - kutsanya ndangariro zvichidzika kunonoka?

Chinhu chokutanga kuteerera nguva. RAM rurefu maitikiro anogona kunonoka, nokuti kuteterera processor ane zvikuru yakaderera nokukurumidza, uye haangazvidembi saka zvinobatsira kuziva. Panguva iyoyowo, sokunonoka nguva dzose mureza vanochiva Chokwadi, kana musingadi kuisa RAM timings manually.

Saka, Somuenzaniso, pamusoro DDR2 kuyeuka 1600 6-7-6-18 nokukurumidza zvikuru kudarika DDR3 1866 9-9-9-24. Sezvaunogona kuona, kana yechipiri tine chizvarwa wakakwana RAM pane pangozi, asi kunonoka yakawandisa kungorega apikise chokwadi ichi. Nokutenga ndangariro itsva, edza kusarudza muenzaniso kuti ane shoma zvinoita kunonoka. Ukadaro nechokwadi pachako yakakwirira chokupika kombiyuta rose.