Nevamwe chikoro senzira itsva chimiro management management nesayenzi

Panguva kwezana 30-ies zviri XX remakore kuMadokero akatanga kuumba prerequisites kugadzwa kwoUmambo chikoro chitsva hwevanhu, izvo zvaizoita mukwanisi pave chekare uye wokutanga zvesayenzi zvikoro management. Akabereka faniro pakusika qualitatively chitsva siyana utungamiriri, yakavakirwa interpersonal nomukadzi zvepfungwa uye evanhu. Mumwe zvebhizimisi mukati yechinangwa dzidziso iyi aionekwa somunhu yoga magariro. Chinangwa magadzirirwo mutsva aifanira kuratidza kukosha yevanhu chinokonzera sezvo huru uye chikuru che zvinobudirira sangano basa, uyewo kutamira pfungwa kubva nokudzora basa vashandi utariri.

Human noukama chikoro. Modern vataure utariri

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu noukama chikoro yakavambwa nemasayendisiti Elton Mayo uye Mary Parker Follett. Mayo anoitisa kutsvakurudza mune chido basa panguva chirimwa mune rweIllinois, "iri Western Electric Hawthorne" kubvira 1927 kusvika 1932-fung gore, vakasvika pakugumisa kuti yakanaka kushanda ezvinhu, yepamusoro kugadzirwa pfungwa, zvinhu incentives uye yakakwirira mubairo - hakusi runovimbisa yakakwirira negoho basa nguva dzose. Munguva kuedza, zvakava pachena kuti vashandi vari yokusafa kwete chete vasiri, asi pfungwa, magariro zvinodiwa, kusagutsikana inotungamira kuna murombo kuita uye kwakakwana nokusava basa. hwevanhu chikoro Mayo Runoratidza kuti kunyatsoshanda basa vashandi kukanganiswa nenyaya dzakadai ukama pakati nenhoroondo utariri boka uye vashandi kuti seboka matambudziko. Mauto yomuka mukufamba dzebhizimisi ukama pakati vanhu, uye kazhinji mukuru kuva nevamwe zvikuru simba pamusoro mudonzvo kupfuura hurongwa utariri. Somuenzaniso, vashandi vari boka muchivande mitemo yokuzvibata, kugadzira mitemo yavo pachavo, kazhinji nehanya zvikuru nevamwe seboka mvumo pane mubayiro inowedzerawo. The boka yakaendeswa pavanoseka upstarts avo pamusoro kuzadzikisa kazhinji kugamuchirwa mitemo, uyewo "utava" kuti vakashanda zvakaipa uye derelict.

Human ukama E. Mayo rakarumbidza kuwedzera nezvibereko tiite mupfungwa kupora zviyero kuti okunze ari chikwata, kuvandudza ukama pakati Vashandirwi nevashandi, kubata munhu, kwete sechinhu motokari, uye kuziva kwake pachake unhu, hwakadai rubatsiro namazano, kugona pamwe, sociability.

School of evanhu Sciences

Danho iri yepfungwa hwevanhu rava sayenzi maitiro evanhu (behaviorism). School hwevanhu uye maitiro nesayenzi kupa mhinduro dzemibvunzo itsva, iye akabatsira napo kuratidza dzakawanda nezvaanogona mumwe munhu uye kupa kwakakurudzira maximize kunyatsoshanda. Chinokosha inofananidza maitiro kuitikawo kuva R. Likert, C. Argyris, F. Herzberg, D. McGregor. tsvakurudzo yavo panyaya dzakadai nokukurudzirwa, utungamiri, simba, magariro aiita, hwokukurukura uye kunaka nezuva achishanda upenyu revashandi.

Pakusarudza zvikonzero itsva zvounhu womuenzaniso kudzora vakanga vakadaro; mushandi vazive mikana ayo, kugutsikana basa, chinoratidzwa nevakawanda chinangwa uye seboka zvido, kuenzanirana nekutendawo vamwe pakugarisana. Uye utungamiriri chikoro hwevanhu uye sayenzi zvounhu yaitaura zvepfungwa ari maitiro ari mushandi panguva basa rikurumidze, zvichienderana nokukurudzirwa, kukurukura navo, musoro simba uye kutungamira chikwata.