Ndiani akazogadzira terevhizheni, uye mugore ripi?

Nhasi haana kushamisa munhu TV. bhokisi ichi kana kunyange chiduku panosangana, izvo zvinoita kuti kuratidza mifananidzo vakatamira. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti zvishoma pamusoro zana apfuura, ruzivo urwu haana pfungwa. ngaavongwe chete guru chitsama kutsvakurudza tinokwanisa kunakidzwa TV.

About vanhu akatipa mukana uchatamisa mifananidzo kure, uye ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Pamudzi

Ndiani akazogadzira terevhizheni, uye mugore ripi? Vanhu vazhinji vakabvunza mubvunzo uyu, asi kwete vose aigona kumupa mhinduro yakarurama.

It richakazaruka uye mubvunzo apo terevhizheni yagadzirwa. Mhinduro varege kuva akasiyana nemamwe. Nokuti hapana munhu akazogadzira TV yokutanga. Zviri basa rakaoma vanhu vazhinji.

Uko yagadzirwa terevhizheni? Kodzero iyi kurwa yakawanda munyika, rimwe nerimwe ndaishanda nyaya iyi hondo yose masayendisiti. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Wokutanga chaiye akazogadzira terevhizheni, anogona kunzi munhu kemisiti Swedish anonzi Jens Berzelius. The musayendisiti aisa zvakawanda kuedza murabhoritari, zvokuti rakanga vakawana wamboonekwa Kufananidzira, yainzi "Selenium".

Kukosha chiitiko ichi hunokosha. Yakati maatomu akafanana izvi anoitisa zvemagetsi pari zvichienderana kuita payo chiedza uwandu.

Pasina izvozvo, mufananidzo kutapurirana hazvina zvinobvira.

Kubva dzidziso - kudzidzira

Boris Lvovich Rozing - ndicho uyo akazogadzira terevhizheni - achapiwa nharo dzakaitika. Kuchava kure chokwadi.

Biography of yefizikisi uye muvambi chaizvoizvo akatipa mukana kupedza manheru rwebhuruu chidzitiro, zvinokosha kuongorora zvakadzama.

Boris Lvovich Rozing akaberekwa muna zviuru zvisere namazana matanhatu namapfumbamwe gore muSt Petersburg.

Anenge zvose hwake chose kuti basa Institute. zvemichina ichi Petersburg uye Arkhangelsk Forestry Engineering, uye vamwe vazhinji, apo akanga akokwa sechinhu honorary zvebudiriro. Scientist akadzivirira chinyorwa chake.

basa rake rave vakazvipira kuti kudzidza remagineti redhiyo, magetsi, samolecular munda, ferromagnetic zvinhu, quantum wefizikisi, simba.

Pfungwa kuti uchatamisa mufananidzo kuti daro akasvika Borisu Lvovichu muna zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe namanomwe gore masere zana. kuedza ake akakoniwa kumbofungidzira pasina cathode-ray chubhu, iro rakanga richangobva yagadzirwa, uyewo kudzidza pamusoro photoelectric maturo yefizikisi Aleksandra Grigorevicha Stoletova.

Kubudirira ake ari kudzidza nyaya dzaiva zhinji. Nechekare muna namapfumbamwe zana uye rechinomwe gore zvenyika Aimiririrwa kuri zvemichina uchishandisa cathode-ray chubhu ine fluorescent chidzitiro uye kutenderera magirazi. Zvakagadzirwa Physics vave patented uye kuzivikanwa muUnited States, Great Britain uye Germany. Zvakaitika aiva kuratidzira vachena mitsetse pamusoro chidzitiro dema. Kunoratidzika nyore. Asi panguva iyoyo chaiva budiriro huru. About musayendisiti matarenda kutaura munyika yose.

mana chete makore gare gare yefizikisi akakwanisa uchatamisa mufananidzo kure. Ungangove, hapana vaverengi havana mubvunzo uyo tega terevhizheni.

Mune imwe chete namazana mapfumbamwe namakumi nerimwe Rosing akaita kuchinja kubva zvemaziso kusvikira zvemagetsi nehurongwa.

Kusvikira afa muna nemapfumbamwe matatu rechitatu gore yefizikisi yaingogara pakusika uye kuvandudza dzavo midziyo, yakatanga nzira itsva vachisiyanisa inzwi, sepombi nematunhu nepurani.

The kuedza kutanga nemashoko mufananidzo

Ndiani akazogadzira terevhizheni wokutanga, nokuti chinozivikanwa muvambi American, Va Kerry, maererano vaongorori vakawanda. Zvakabuda kuedza ake akatanga uchishandisa hurongwa, kuburikidza iro akakwanisa wokushandura kwakajeka, asi achiri mufananidzo.

About ndiani akazogadzira terevhizheni, anogona zvokupopota vazukuru muvambi Paul Nipkow. Zvakaitika ake akanga akavandudzika zvikuru, kunyange zvazvo nheyo nokushanda mudziyo uri akafanana kuna Mr. Kerry michina. Pauro akapa kuvamba yake inonzi "mufananidzo hwakadzama". Muchivanze gore zviuru masere nemakumi masere chechina akamira.

itsva izwi

Shoko rokuti "terevhizheni" rwunoverengerwa wokuRussia injiniya Konstantin Dmitrievich Persian.

Izvi zvisati zvaitika, masayendisiti vakashandisa mashoko dzakaoma se "dalnovidenie" kana "materesikopu yemagetsi".

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ndiye wokutanga yokusuma nayo kushandiswa muna August 1900. Izvi zvakaitwa mukati yechinangwa reInternational Electrotechnical Congress muParis. Shoko aifarira mapati, uye vakakurumidza akaipetenura mune shamwari dzako kumusha.

Mushumo "nezvechiratidzo nechokure," inoitwa French.

A gore yapfuura, Konstantin Persky akagamuchira bvumidzwa umwe nzira mufananidzo hutachiwana. Rakafuridzirwa kubudirira kwake, injiniya nechido akaudza vamwe vake European pamusoro mikana rakakura kuti aigona kupa vanhu michina yayo.

About masayendisiti vanoziva zvakawanda. Konstantin Dmitrievich aibva mumhuri anokudzwa, madzibaba ake akanga Prince kwazvo Dmitry Donskoy.

Asati pakutsaurira upenyu hwake kuna zvigadzirwa, Persky aigona kupedza Mikhailovsky atirari Academy, uye ipapo akashandisa ruzivo runowanikwa munguva yehondo wokuRussia-Turkish, apo kunyange akanga paakavapa ari Order "Nokuti ushingi".

Ndadzoka kubva kuhondo Konstantin Dmitrievich akasarudza kubatana nzira kuhondo kuti sayenzi panguva akava nhengo inoshingaira St. Petersburg hwokugadzira uye magetsi munharaunda.

Zvikuru unoshamisa budiriro mubasa rake rakava chaizvo mushumo waiti "Current mamiriro nyaya elektrovidenii nechokure", raakanga zvinobudirira kumiririrwa mu masangano akasiyana-siyana rokudzidzisa munyika uye kunze.

Kunyange zvazvo Physics anoita zvakanaka kukudziridza musayendisiti uye muchiuto mumunda. Zvikurukuru, akagamuchira menduru of Chicago Wenyika Fair nyevero mudziyo kubva vachiedza kupinda zvakavanzika kamuri.

Hazvina kuva muvambi muna 1906.

vimba zvabuda

On mubvunzo apo John Logie Baird tega terevhizheni, pane mafeni kuti tarenda rake, iyo kutaura nechivimbo kuti uyu nemapfumbamwe gore ramakumi maviri namatatu. Panguva kuti musayendisiti akakwanisa kubudisa mufananidzo ane akagadzawo waya kuna bhururu wangu, Charles Jenkins, United States.

Asi terevhizheni - ndiwo kuchinjwa magetsi nomunhu kuburikidza tambo kwete chete. Kuti kumhanya navo pakutanga vanoda TV kamera.

Nyanzvi kutaura nechivimbo, akazogadzira TV musayendisiti wokuRussia anonzi Vladimir Zworykin, muna 1931 panguva zvivako zviri zvebhizimisi Radiocorporations of America. Asi chinhu moot pfungwa, nokuti akapotsa panguva imwecheteyo, mumwe muvambi, Fil Farnsuort, vagoronga yakafanana mudziyo.

Munhoroondo vakachengetedza zita mupinduriri Musayendisiti wokuRussia vaitenda wake futuristic chaizvo uye anoshamisa nepfungwa - zviri Devid Abramovich Sarnov, US Signal Corps uye muzvinabhizimisi. Yakanga nemhaka rutsigiro ake nyika mari ndaona dzakawanda zvigadzirwa Vladimir Zworykin.

Wokutanga Video kamera

The kamera rokutanga ainzi "inkoskop" uye "Fine zvinoparadzira chubhu."

Mumakore akatevera gumi nemana, mudziyo vachatongerwa zvakakomba okugadziridza uye achava nourongwa akafanana akashandiswa vemazuva namano.

Vakaisa nheyo cathode-ray chubhu, kuburikidza iyo, chokwadi, iri mufananidzo iri chakasvitswa kuti Fafitera.

ruvara terevhizheni

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti ruvara terevhizheni afunga Soviet injiniya Ovanesom Adamyanom.

Kare mugore namapfumbamwe zana uye wechisere ari muvambi akapiwa bvumidzwa nokuti makasika munhu zvichikurukura mudziyo. Kugadzirwa zvinogona kutapurira panguva iyoyo maviri chete mavara.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kuchenjera kufunga John Logue Brad vaya akazogadzira terevhizheni iri ruvara. Uyu murume akabatana munyoro, zvitema uye tsvuku filters kuitira kuti fambisa zvakasiyana siyana mubatanidzwa.

Interesting mashoko pamusoro TV

Vakurukuri vechitema-uye-chena terevhizheni kushandisa girini lipstick. Red ruvara pamadziro akatarisa rakachenuruka chaizvo uye ndikandoshamba panze. Pashure yakawanda kuedza uye kutongwa vakasvika pakugumisa kuti mutema kuti ruvara zvikuru zvinopindirana.

About apo uye worudzii yedzimudzangara yakatanga kubudiswa, kusawirirana vari ruvara. The inonyanya pfungwa kuti yaiva wenhabvu Carling.

Full zvachose nhepfenyuro kwakatanga muna namapfumbamwe zana ramakumi mana gore muUnited States.

Yezvokutengeserana Chikumbiro chokutanga yakabudiswa muna 1951 muUnited States. Yaiva kunakidza dzinoratidza pamwe mukurumbira pamusoro CBS.

To muchidimbu mashoko

Munyaya pane mazita akawanda zvikuru vanhu vaishanda panguva dzakasiyana-siyana dziri mumarabhoritari kunyika dzakasiyana uye makondinendi. Mumwe nomumwe wavo akaita rakakura kukura terevhizheni. Pasina mabasa izvi zvikuru, vakaita vanhu havagoni uchatamisa mifananidzo.

Hazvina Zvakakodzera govera mumwe chete. Nemhaka vose zvidzidzo izvi, isu zvino tine mukana wokunakidzwa chenhando akadai terevhizheni.