Ndeupi mafuta ari nani - 5W30 kana 5W40 (chando)? The mafuta yakanakisisa chando

Rakatanga tembiricha siyana 5W30 uye 5W40 nemafuta akaita nevakawanda pakati Russian motokari varidzi. Sei? Uchabatsirwa kubva muinjini ichi, izvo mafuta ari nani: 5W30 kana 5W40 muchando?

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa kana Semi-muzvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari

Pari, pane tsika kutamira zvikuru yepamusoro viscosity siyana. Matanho zvikuru mirayiridzo iyi, mishonga vakaita pakagadzwa muzvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari, achiwedzera kuti zvose zvitsva zvinoriumba. Somuenzaniso, kambani "Mobil" ndiye wokutanga ikabereka chakaita zvokugadzirwa mafuta pamusoro musika, kushanda nacho uye kuedza kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu. A kuwanda vakwikwidzi zvitsva hazvisi vavete, uye vanopedza hombe mari yakawanda kuti pave chigadzirwa itsva yepamusoro zvinhu. Asi Developers inobereka chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvikuru kushandiswa pfungwa Somuenzaniso, nokuti rinorema-basa Diesel michini, hakuna kukwana.

Kuwedzera "Pyatorochka" - muzvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari, pane kufanana Semi-muzvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari. Madii kushandisa nayo? Chokwadi, unogona kushandisa chicherwa mvura mvura, wedzera ipapo thickeners, chakaita zvokugadzirwa pakuderedza ane ano akagadzirwa yokuvirisa - uye imi makakohwa zvikuru mureza Semi-chakaita zvokugadzirwa mafuta injini muchando somuenzaniso. Zvisinei, tinoziva kuti kukakavadzana ayo chero zvazvingava kudzikisa pane pamwe muzvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari. Pashure pezvose, mafuta-kwakavakirwa anotamba inokosha pakuita Ndokunyengetererai physico-makemikari hwaro.

Vamwe Fananidzo dzinogona kurondwa kusvikira kumararamire peturu. Chero Nzira iyo chinyakare nzira shoma octane peturu 80 Wakawedzerwa kuwana muzvizhinji kuti chirungiso AI-98. Asi wakati akashanda mafuta yakadaro, injini zvinoda kugadziriswa nokukurumidza: kanenge vanofanira pavaisukira injector uye kutsiva chinopa chivhariso. Zviri zvakajeka kuti dzakazara yepamusoro peturu kuchaita kuwanikwa chete kuburikidza kushandisa michina zvakakodzera.

viscosity

mamirire Izvi zvinokosha nokuti lubricating Urume. parameter ichi inorondedzera vakaomerwa mafuta tembiricha zvikumbiro. Naizvozvo, chii kworudzii mafuta zvakakunakira: 5W30 kana 5W40 (muchando kana muzhizha), zvikaonekwa nokuda parameter ichi. Kana indekisi yakaderera, asi mafuta Hazvifaniri kuva zvakanyanya viscous kuita dzihwa kutanga Starter injini uye kuchipomba kune pombi. Apo mukuru-mafuta muoti, kusiyana, havafaniri kuva shoma viscosity kuti kukwanisa nechokwadi kugara zvandinenge vachimanikidzwa pamwero munyika uye dzinoumba firimu kuti kunodzivirira kukweshera akapoteredza nhengo.

Saka, maererano mafuta viscosity akakamurwa:

• Winter. With yakaderera viscosity injini atanga nyore, asi mafuta hakushande zvakanyanya panguva pamatunhu tembiricha.

• Summer. Cold kutanga iri matambudziko pane kutonhora pazasi razero inegumi, asi pane mukuru viscosity achaita yakavimbika uye nguva lubricated injini mune noushamwari uye inopisa ekunze.

• mwaka All. Kana mamiriro okunze ushamwari, mafuta rinoratidza kunaka yechando lubrication, uye kana kuchipisa - chirimo.

Vsesezonki vari kuva zvakapararira, displacing mhando mbiri dzokutanga, nekuti ikozvino kushayikwa kudiwa kushandura mafuta nguva dzose apo iwe kushandura nguva gore. Panguva iyoyowo, vanoratidza pachavo kuti hubudirire uye simba-rokuponesa. Muenzaniso mafuta lubrication yakadaro 5W40 (chakaita zvokugadzirwa).

zvimwe zvinhu

Chokwadi, mafuta nezvimwewo maitiro inokosha: detergents, Anti vapfeke, Anti ngura uye Anti-oxidation (yokuvirisa kushumira iyi). Zvisinei, kuti viscosity ndechimwe chikuru tsika. kuwedzererwa zhinji ano kuwedzera mutengo. Saka, nguva dzose unofanira kuteerera parameter ichi uye wasarudza optimum nengaidzo zvivako zviri mafuta uye ramangwana anodawo zvemupiro injini.

Mirau huru iyo inofanira kutungamira sarudzo ndidzo zvinodiwa motokari mugadziri. Ivo akanyorwa mirayiridzo Chinyorwa. Kazhinji, havaiti chete ane ruzivo pamusoro ehupfumi chaizvo kuti vanofanira kuva nahwo kushandiswa lubricating fluid asi rinopawo chaiyo muchiso mafuta pamwe vanorumbidza kushandisa kuti chiratidzo. Kazhinji rinowanikwa Chinyorwa "Shell" mafuta (5W40, 5W30 kana zvimwe mhando). Panguva iyoyowo, kana motokari yako kure nokuva itsva, uye ruzivo pamusoro huchishanda uine zvishoma, ipapo iwe vakasununguka zvachose kusarudza zvizivikanwe kuti injini kana hutachiwana.

Standard SAE 1999

Ndezvipi tsamba idzi chokusaroora SAE? Kubva Chirungu chidimbu rakashandurwa se "Society of Automotive Engineers» (Society of Automobile Engineers). Zviri yemarudzi mwero, izvo zvinofanira dzinoenderana viscosity. Somuenzaniso, muna 1999 zvinodiwa mureza ndeinotevera.

Maererano ari kinematic viscosity mafuta anosarudza kuti unoenderana chaiyo mwaka. It rinowanikwa yakaderera aimhanya rworwendo anosvika zana namakumi maviri oga uye pane madhigirii ane zana.

Kutanga ehupfumi zvinoratidzwa kuburikidza kurwisa kana kutanga chando injini uye mukana yokuwana rotations. Zvichienderana viscosity uye boka ndakatsunga panguva tembiricha inobva gumi kusvika matatu namashanu Celsius uye yakakwirira fura prices (105c-1), i.e. mamiriro ezvinhu vanoonekwa kushanda mabheyaringi ari crankshaft panguva chando kutanga.

Pumpability anosarudza kumhanya kwemutemo mafuta kusvikira kukweshera zvikamu panguva inotonhora kutanga, uyewo vanokwanisa ngozi gwenya kukundikana panguva kutanga inotonhora cranking yakafanira liners. Chakarurama kurapwa panguva yakaderera tembiricha kuti kubva gumi namashanu mana madhigirii uye panguva yakaderera fura mwero (10s-1). Under izvi ezvinhu, kuti mafuta runoyerera iri sump kuti kubvisa sepombi kana kutanga chando injini.

The viscosity panguva mukuru tembiricha pachena chinoratidza chaiye anoita munguva inodziya mwaka rinorema-basa injini. Saka, vanooneka antiwear maitiro, kurasikirwa nokuda kukweshera uye zvazvinoita injini kunyatsoshanda. Zvinonzi ndee pana yakakwirira fura prices (106c-1). Under izvi ezvinhu, kuti crankshaft mabheyaringi anoshanda pasi kumusoro tembiricha uye mutoro.

kupatsanura SAE

Kuti Specification SAE, anosarudza kuti zvechadenga mafuta mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana. Pari zvino pane matanhatu yechando uye shanu makirasi zvezhizha. Winter nyore vanozivikanwa pamberi tsamba W ( «chando», iro rinoshandurudzwa kuna Chirungu zvinoreva "yechando"). The kumusoro ari viscosity, dzakanga indekisi nhamba.

Winter viscosity runotaurwa 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W. 25W.

Summer - 20, 30, 40, 50.

Funga kuti mafuta muenzaniso 5W40.

zvachiri ndeinotevera. Kirasi - viscosity 5W. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, rinogona kushandiswa muchando, ndiro, zviri kubva mufananidzo uyu zvinoenderana sei nyore Zvaizova vanodzamara injini muchando. Saka, kuti tinzwisise kuti mafuta mhando kuzadza chando, unofanira kuteerera pamusoro chakarurama ichi.

Nhamba "40" rinovhura zhizha oparesheni, kureva mukana injini kushanda panguva pamatunhu tembiricha.

Kana, sapamazuva muenzaniso uyu, pane chiratidzo uye mumwe, uye mamwe makirasi (kureva gwenya mafuta 5W40, uye 5W30), izvozvo anotaura zvose-mwaka hunhu chikumbiro chacho.

How kusarudza muchando kirasi

Kusarudza viscosity, zvikurukuru kutungamirirwa mirayiridzo motokari mugadziri. Kana avo vasiri varipo, tevedzera mukuru audzwa.

Pakusarudza mafuta yakanakisisa nokuti chando, unofanira kufunga mamiriro ezvinhu pasi izvo zvichashandiswa wakashanda kubudikidza motokari.

Ipapo nezvinetso pakuparurwa muchando uye nemigumisiro yakaipa kuti injini (yakadai nokukurumidza kusakara uye jamming panguva startup kuti zvingaitika mumamiriro ezvinhu mafuta nenzara) inogona kudziviswa, pasinei, 5W30 kana 5W40 muchando iwe kuzvishambidza. Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kana injini yacho yatanga, kunyange kana izvozvo zvikasaitika munguva chando zvakaoma, uye nenguva razero mucherechedzo pamusoro lämpömittari, zvinotora nguva kupomba mafuta pombi pamusoro lubrication gadziriro Urume opinda zvose zvinofamba mativi uye makwara. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, injini unoshanda nenzira ruomba rokushaya. Naizvozvo, kukweshera uye vanopfeka yekudyidzana kunowedzera. The zvakawanda girisi anogona kuramba fluidity mu pasi tembiricha muoti, nani kudzivirira injini inopiwa.

How kusarudza vsesezonku

Winter Properties zvinooneka kubva kurutivi rworuboshwe uye chirimo - kurudyi. Saka, mumwe anoshamisika kuti mafuta azvo ari nani - 5W30 kana 5W40 - muchando, zvakakodzera kuteerera chete nomufananidzo kuruboshwe, uye iyi ndiyo chete.

Naizvozvo, unofanira kuteerera musiyano muzhizha muoti uye wasarudza zvakakodzera kuzvipedza zvichienderana ezvinhu nokushanda motokari.

Viscosity-tembiricha ehupfumi

Kubva mufananidzo uyu zvinoenderana nechokwadi kutanga injini pasina kudziyisa, mafuta vakasununguka kupomba kuburikidza hurongwa uye, somugumisiro, yakatsiga lubrication pazvose zvikamu panguva vaifanira zvichibvira zvinorema uye ambient tembiricha.

Kunyange mwero Climate shanduko chando kutonhora kumukuru Kudziya kusvika zana namakumi mapfumbamwe madhigirii. Naizvozvo, mafuta pamwaka zvinofanira kushandurwa zvichienderana nenguva yegore. Zvisinei, kana munhu vsesezonok (zvinoshanda kwavari, akadai gwenya mafuta 5W40i 5W30) dambudziko chabviswa. Nokuda yokuvirisa awo vanokwanisa nedzokunze vakada zvivako panguva tembiricha dzakasiyana. Kureva, kana kunaka, havana akafanana mafuta muchando uye panguva yakakwirira akanaka - makore.

yokuvirisa

Yokuvirisa kwete kwazvo viscosity yakaderera tembiricha asi kwazvo - dzakakwirira apo yekudyidzana yakawanda MPF mamorekuru. In vsesezonki (izvo zvinosanganisira girisi uye mafuta 5W30 5W40) unhu vari panguva zvinobvira kuchinja viscosity wayo, uye noruremekedzo kundoveura zvazvingava. Kana kuderedza nayo kunowedzera nokukurumidza, apo kuwedzera - anowa.

Most pfuma iyi kunoratidzwa yakaderera tembiricha asiwo yakakwirira inochengeterwa kuti ine migumisiro yakanaka pamusoro injini: rakadzika viscosity hwezvekukurukurirana chando injini panguva neugari, uye panguva huru - shoma simba kurasikirwa nokuda kukweshera, nokudaro rinoponesa mafuta.

tembiricha yakaderera

The low-tembiricha hunhu kunoratidzwa kuburikidza mafuta ugodira pfungwa uye arega ruchiyerera kana mafuta. chakarurama iri rakatangwa apo tembiricha kuti shanu - madhigirii nomwe pazasi kuti izvo fluidity zvaiita.

Kazhinji, gelation kunoitika nokuda paumbwe imwe chilled mafuta paraffins.

Ndeupi mafuta ndiyo: 5W30 kana 5W40 (chando)

Pachishandiswa pamusoro zviri pachena kuti munguva inotonhora mwaka zvose zvipenyu kuratidza chete maitiro. Naizvozvo, nokuti chando akakwana uye mumwe, uye rumwe rudzi lubricating Urume.