Mvura senitrogen

Liquid senitrogen riri inert, Hauoneki uye odorless gasi. Ndiye dzisiri kungatikanganisa, non-zvinobata moto. gasi ichi chinoumba chikamu chikuru zvomumhepo (78.03% zvachose). Kunyange zvazvo mvura senitrogen uye haangazvidembi kutsigira combustion Zvisinei zviri inert, kunze vaya zviitiko apo zviri nenharo yakakwirira chaizvo kutonhora, iyo zvakabatana mamwe vanoshingaira nesimbi akadai lithium, magnesium. Somugumisiro, mukomboni nitrides vari aumba. Rinogonawo sei pamwe okisijeni, zvichiguma nokuumbwa senitrogen oxides uye senitrogen pamwe rehydrogen pamberi catalysts - amoniya.

Preparation emura senitrogen mu maindasitiri ezvinhu
Nitrogen mvura uye gasi akagadzira imwe nzira - kubva ambient mhepo. Mumarabhoritari zviri kuwanikwa panguva manyowa maitiro Ammonium nitrite. Uku kuita exothermic. Ndicho chikonzero zvazvinoita kusunungurwa 80 kcal (335 KJ) simba. Zvinoda kutonhora mudziyo apo kudziyisa kunodiwa kuti atange maitiro kubereka mvura senitrogen. Uyewo, samolecular senitrogen mu indasitiri vari kuwanikwa fractional DISTILLATION emura mhepo yakapoteredza. Rinogona kuwanwa nenzira iyi se "mumhepo senitrogen." Nzira dzose kuburikidza izvo kutsvaka mvura senitrogen kutaurirwa yakachengeteka uye yakachena chigadzirwa kuti maindasitiri, zvokurapa uye nemhuri zvinogadzirwa
Impact utano hwevanhu
Kunyange zvazvo mvura senitrogen iri inert uye hakusi chepfu, zvinogona kunetsa munhu kutadza kufema munhu, sezvo inogona bvikinyidza yakachena mumhepo pazasi padanho anodiwa kuti atsigire upenyu. Inhalation kuti senitrogen mu yakawandisa inogona kukonzera dzungu, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kurasikirwa kuziva rufu. Rufu kungava mugumisiro nokurasikirwa dzidziso uye kuziva, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira hwokuzvidzora kununurwa kubva kunzvimbo utachiona. Yakaderera okisijeni wevasungwa, kurasikirwa pfungwa uye rufu kunogona kuitika panyaya mumasekonzi. Vashandi, kusanganisira vashandi kununurwa, havafaniri kupinda kwakavakirwa vasingazvidzori ine kufema midziyo kana unomubatsira kufema, kana okisijeni wevasungwa pazasi 19.5%.
Kana mvura senitrogen, zvino kunochengetwa chaiyo mumagaba. Izvi zvinokosha kuitira kudzivirira vamwe pamigumisiro kubata pamwe maatomu akafanana. Liquid senitrogen inochengetwa pasi kumanikidzwa anosvika 350 MPa mugaba Vhoriyamu kubva 80 kusvika 450 litres.

Liquid senitrogen - okuchengetera uye kushandisa
Vanounganidza uye kushandisa chigadzirwa ichi yaunoda chete mumakamuri pamwe kufefetedza zvakanaka. It zvachose hazvigoni zvikachenge- imwe akanyudzwa nzvimbo. Preparation emura senitrogen murabhoritari uye kunoda anokosha nzira kuti okuchengetera kwayo mumidziyo. Cryogenic midziyo takashongedzerwa chaizvo namano kuti kufurirwa kuzorodzwa uye kutonga munyika kumanikidzwa. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, haakuvadzi. Hapana nyaya ingasanganisira, zvinomuomera kuikanganwa kana kuita chero kusakarongeka pamwe kumanikidzwa ruyamuro mudziyo. Hazvibviri kuti mvura senitrogen ndiyo chiitiko pamusoro kudzivirirwa nhengo dzomuviri.
Midziyo umo zvakachengetwa mvura senitrogen inofanira kushandiswa uye zvikachenge- akarurama chinzvimbo. Regai kurasa midziyo, kana munovachengeta kumativi azvo. Newewo haagoni vakazvimirira kurasa ndiro ane fuma. Kana muine dambudziko iri kushandiswa mudziyo kana vharuvhu, ipapo kurega kurishandisa pakarepo.

Personal unodzivirira midziyo (PPE)
Unofanira zvachose kuverenga akachengeteka pamwe ehupfumi emura senitrogen pamberi kushandiswa. Zvakakodzera kudzivirira meso uye chinonyanya vasanonoka chikamu muviri kubva vapor ari cryogenic zvokunwa. Preparation emura senitrogen ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai uye kushandiswa kwayo presupposes PPE. Anofanira kuva: chiso nhovo kana magogorosi, anongoremberera-zvakafanira matehwe Magorovhosi Chipfeko, refu ruoko hembe uye inotakwairira pasina hand cuffs, vanodawo kuchengeteka shangu, kunyanya vaya kubereka mudziyo kukurukurwa. Respiratoria maitiro anofanira kudzivirirwa chaizvo Masiki.