Mutemo waSt. Andrew wekutanga-Anonzi: nhoroondo yezvisikwa, tsanangudzo, makonduru eDare

Mutemo weSt. Andrew wekutanga-unonzi ihwo humwe hwezviratidzo zvikuru zvehurumende yeRussia. Kwete chete kuti iye ndiye mupiro wekutanga munyika yedu, iye kwenguva yakareba-kusvikira 1917 - akatora nzvimbo yakakwirira muhurumende yehurumende yehurumende nemarindi. Muna 1998, chiitiko ichi chakadzorerwa kwaari nechirevo cha Boris Yeltsin.

Mutemo weSt. Andrew wakagadzwa munguva yakaoma kwazvo yenyika: kwaive nekugadzirira kwakasimba kweNorth War, Russia yakanga iri kugadzirira kuva nharo nemasimba eEurope ane simba. Mutemo wokutanga muhurumende yeRussia kwaifanira kuratidzira mukurumbira wenyika, kodzero yake yekuremekedza kubva kune dzimwe nyika. Hazvisi pangozi kuti mubati wechikomborero ichi akasarudzwa mumwe wevadzidzi va pedyo vaPetro - Andrew wekutanga-anonzi, uyo panguva imwechete akaita basa guru pakuumbwa kweKivan Rus.

Mhedziso yemutemo, iyo yakarondedzera Mutemo waSt. Andrew, yakagadzirirwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nekushingaira kwakaitwa naPeter I. Maererano nerimwe remaBhaibheri, akaronga kuita chiratidzo chechikomborero ichi maviri akayambuka mutsvuku machena mumunda webhuruu, uye chirongwa chavo kune avo vakashandura "mabasa makuru kuBaba ". Chirevo pamusoro pekugadzwa kwechirongwa chakasayirwa nemambo wemangwana pakupera kwaMarch 1699.

Admiral F. Golovin akaedza pachake nokuda kwekutanga kwebhanhire rakagadziriswa apo Mutemo weSt. Andrew wakagadziriswa, asi nechechi yechipiri kukanganisa kwakamuka: ndiye aiva anozivikanwa neataman I. Mazepa, uyo akakurumidza kupa kuna Charles XII, iyo yaisati yangoita, Asiwo akarasikirwa nekodzero yakaisvonaka yeRussia. Petro pachake, nenzira, akazova muchengeti wechitanhatu wehutano hwakakwirira.

Nyeredzi dzeMutemo weSt. Andrew dzakapiwa murindi, uyo waiva musasa wesirivha, wakarwisana nechemberi kwegondo rine musoro wegoridhe uye nyeredzi gumi. Chiratidzo chairo chakanga chakaiswa bhuruu uye chaiva pakati pechifananidzo cheSt. Andrew. Urongwa hwacho hwaifanira kupfekedzwa mubhandi rebhuruu, rakasvibirirwa rakakwirira pamusoro pebandauko rorudyi, asi chifuva chekuruboshwe chaifanira kubiwa neyeredzi gumi.

Pakazoitika, denderedzwa yevakakumbira kurongeka uku raive rakagadzirirwa kune vakadzama zvikuru vehurumende, uye mubayiro wacho pachavo wakavapa kodzero yepamusoro weLieutenant-General. Mukuwedzera, yakava tsika yekupa Mutemo waSt. Andrew wekutanga-Akaberekwa kune nhengo dzemhuri yeumambo pakuberekwa.

Panguva imwe chete muRussia, vakunda vemubairo uyu vangave vasiri vanhu gumi nevaviri. Panguva yeFebruary Revolution, Mutemo weSt. Andrew wakapiwa, maererano nekufungidzirwa kwakasiyana-siyana, kubva muna 900 kusvika ku1100 vanhu, kusanganisira vanhu vakakurumbira saAsuvorov, G. Potemkin, P. Rumyantsev, Napoleon. Mupi wekupedzisira wechikomborero uyu muTsarist Russia ndiye mumiriri wemhuri yeumambo, Prince Roman Petrovich.

MuRussia yemazuva ano, Mutemo weSt. Andrew wakatora zvakare nzvimbo yawo yakakodzera semubairo mukuru wenyika muna 1998. Chimiro chake chakasikwa maererano nemifananidzo yakasara, saka akanyora zvachose urongwa hwakanga huripo 1917. Wokutanga kugamuchira mubairo uyu ndiye mudzidzisi akakurumbira D. Likhachev. Gare gare vakapiwa vamwe vanhu 12, kusanganisira N. Nazarbayev, M. Kalashnikov, A. Solzhenitsyn, Alexy II, S. Mikhalkov.