Mhuri zvinomera

Complex akanyatsorongwa taxonomy kwazvakaita inosanganisira mhando dzakawanda. chirimwa mhuri dziri pasi unit (kuitira) uye yakakwirira mhando. Mazita avo vane kuumbwa maererano nemitemo, ayo nokudzorwa International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. zita Plant mhuri achiumbwa nokuwedzera kuti muzasi zita mhando genus mureza kuvhara -aceae. Saka, somuenzaniso, yakaumbwa nezita mhuri Rosaceae (Rosaceae), chine genus zita «Rosa», pahwaro iyo tora Ros- akawedzera uye nekuguma -aceae. In kupatsanura nesayenzi pacho rinoshandiswa nomukaka mamakisi: subfamily uye superfamily.

miti mhuri iri ano mupfungwa yakabuda mukuvamba XX remakore. Kokutanga muchikwata ichi akatanga nyanzvi Per Manol kubva France shure muna 1689 Kwemakumi emakore, rinomiririra boka yakasiyana zvachose unhu. Tsika iyi kushandisa zita iri dzakaguma chete muna 1906 pamwe kuitwa mitemo botanical Nomenclature dzakawanda. Maererano nemitemo, zita iri rakazoreva chinhu kare akataura murayiro muchiLatin kana mhuri - mune French.

Pasinei kusiyana zvinomera, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzimwe akafanana mumwe, uye vamwe - zvishoma. Kufanana Izvi pakutsvaga ukama zvinomera izvi. It akarondedzera howa ndivo hwaro inotungamirwa mhuri. Zvinofungirwa kuti pasi pano pane pamusoro 350,000 marudzi zvinomera:

- kupararira Moss: vane 1.3 zviuru kuzvarwa uye 25 zviuru marudzi; ..

- ferns 300 genera uye 11 zviuru marudzi ;.

- Horsetail: 1 genus uye vanenge 25 marudzi;

. - lycopsids: 4 uye 1 zviuru nemhando zvipenyu;

- gymnosperms: 60 genera uye 700 rudzi;

- angiosperms (maruva): Mhuri dzinopfuura 500, vanenge 13 zviuru genera uye vanopfuura zviuru 250 marudzi ...

Kune miti mhuri vari vakawanda vanofarira vanhu mashoko avo kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Pasina miti izvi kunge zvisingaiti upenyu hwevanhu vose, nekuti vazhinji vavo zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chacho kudya. Chimwe ndicho chinhu mhuri dicotyledonous zvirimwa. Mamirire zviri zvirimwa dzakadaro: kuvapo cotyledons maviri; Nhamba siyana zvinhu zvikuru ruva nhamba yavo akaenzana kana vakawanda of 4 uye 5; chiri annular conductive jira. The midzi akawanda zvirimwa aya tsvimbo. mhuri iyi chinomiririrwa kwose upenyu. Pakati dicotyledons pane miti, nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe. mhuri iyi anenge 4/5 kuti maruva miti panyika.

Plants of legume mhuri ndezvaJehovha kirasi bipartite. Uyu zhinji kwazvo marudzi. Flowers vane Vamiririri ayo akaumbwa dissimilar petals 5, vane mugari chimiro, 10 Stamens. leguminous zvibereko characteristically akaronga. mudziyo wavo unonzi botanical rokuti "bhinzi". A zvakafanana chepfungwa mhuri iri ovary rimwe-shoko, usina rakakamurwa migove, uye zvibereko zvinomera zvose polyspermic, shavishavi. muchero Ripe ari anobuda panguva vazvo pazvirugu, kuti izvo zvakabatanidzwa mbeu.

Bean ane zvuru 6.6. Species uye 200 genera. Vari akatambanudza zvose pamusoro nyika. mhuri iyi rakakamurwa subfamilies caesalpinioideae, Mimosa, bhinzi. Pakupedzisira akaunzi kupfuura nhamba zvinomera mumhuri. Vamwe vavo vane zvokudya inokosha yevanhu: nenyimo, nenyemba, pizi, pizi, nzungu, soyabhinzi. Zvibereko zvirimwa izvi vane refu zviri miriwo mapuroteni, zvicherwa zvakawanda uye mavhitaminzi. Vakawanda vavo vari kushandiswa senzvimbo inokosha zvokudya mhuka: Clover, vetch, sainfoin, apila, chemombe. Vamiririri Herbaceous bhinzi inokwanisa dzokubvisa senitrogen kubva mumhepo, ndivo pazvirimwa, izvo inoshandiswa munyika reclamation.