Mhando kupenda. Art kupenda. Art kupenda huni

Art kupenda sezvo rudzi decoration uri mberi tsika zvavo unyanzvi. Iyi haisi dzimwe mifananidzo, ayo chaizvoizvo ari zvakawanda, nokuti zvinoratidzika kuti akayangarara kubva nguva, kubatanidza okugadzira zvinhu zvizhinji Zvizvarwa vanatenzi. Zvinonzi organically chokuita Motherland - nzvimbo kwayakatangira munharaunda varimi (nevachengeti vezvipfuwo, varimi, vavhimi).

Kutarira unyanzvi zvinoyevedza kupenda

Art kupenda rinoshandisirwa zvigadzirwa nyore mined zvetsika dzinongoitika "democratic" zvinhu: Micheka echisikigo, huni, ivhu, dehwe, ibwe, mapfupa.

Kusvikira XVII remakore hunotumbuka yavapo mukati munhu dzinongoitika mapurazi. Unyanzvi zvakave nokutambidzwa vatenzi pamusoro yemadzitateguru mutsetse, kubva kumarudzi namarudzi. Nenzira isingaoneki achitovabatsira kunatsiridza chaiwo unyanzvi unyanzvi kuti optimally varipo zvigadzirwa. Kusarudzwa rinonyanya kuratidza kugutsikana uye nzira kushandisa chishongo. Mufananidzo mapurani wakashongedzwa nedenga, masvingo, namaberere, matanda neshongwe, uye mumba - ndiro, zvinhu basa.

Munguva kubva XVII kuti XVIII remakore uri mufananidzo muRussia yava pachishandurwa kuva hove, paakasika zvinhu nokuda musika. Hazvina wokunwa nomumwe vanatenzi, uye dzimwe nzvimbo musha. Muzana XIX remakore pane artisanal sangano ounyanzvi mifananidzo. Somuenzaniso, kudzora Fedoskino miniatures saka vakaronga pachavo pashure pokuparadzwa private varidzi muna 1903 uye vakachengeta unyanzvi hwavo. Muna 1876, unotanga systematization pakubhadhara akasiyana kupenda muzvinafundo Isayev AA ari maviri mavhoriyumu monograph "The rwokugadzira of Moscow province."

Mugore 20-30-ies hurumende yeSoviet rinoshandisa pakagadzwa pamwe fishery cooperatives apo dzakabudirira chevarwere unyanzvi nzvimbo kare, kuva pachena marudzi kupenda. Somuenzaniso, Khokhloma kupenda muna Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda.

Strategy kuti kukura painting, uyewo mamwe marudzi Arts and Crafts, kunzwisisa uye delineated musayendisiti uye mudzidzisi Vasiliem Sergeevichem Voronovym ari monograph "On murimi mudiki unyanzvi."

Iye zvino, boka iri kushingaira Pakukurukura mifananidzo seinäkartta kupenda mhando kuti kusangana kudiwa sezvo kumusika weRussia uye kunze. Kupendwa zvigadzirwa apo kuchengetedza ayo ose mabasa vari kuwedzera kuva zvaiva aesthetic uye unyanzvi ukoshi. Nokuti kugadzirwa vachishandisa michina ano uye anokosha midziyo - nokuti roughing uye regadziriro basa. Asi chikuru rokusika basa, uyewo emakore mashoma apfuura, chinoitwa noruoko natenzi vemifananidzo.

Painting Art

Hazvibviri kuona kuti National kupenda anochinja mufananidzo chaiwo chigadzirwa. Anova kuratidza ari ruvara pamwero pamwero, mutinhimira mitsetse uye proportionality. Industrial "despiritualized" zvigadzirwa ndiwo kuitwa vemifananidzo inodziya uye mupenyu. The yokupedzisira kunokwanisika nokushandisa pezvokuvamba chishongo nomucheka uri (mufanidzo uye kupenda). Mhando dzakasiyana emifananidzo kusika chaiyo yakanaka mupfungwa background, mukuwirirana nzvimbo upenyu hove.

Achitaura pamutemo, iri decoration kupenda rinoitwa nokushandisa imwe bhurasho pendi iri imwe penyika. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa chinokosha kamwe: Kusiyana painting, Modelling munhu RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA nzvimbo, kupenda anogara Chidimbu.

Nyanzvi vagadziri kazhinji kutaura pamusoro Chiitiko wokuRussia kupenda: zviri kudenga nepanyika zvinoenderana chero werudzii minimalism, ano, nyika. Technology, akasikwa kubudikidza vatenzi vekare, kwakakwana kumarudzi vatenzi mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nokusika chaiwo manyorero okuti. Sezvineiwo, muRussia muna XXI remakore zvakachengetedzwa uye dzakabudirira-siyana kupenda: Gzhel, Khokhloma, Boretsky Gorodetsky, Mezen, Onega, permogorskaya, pizhemskaya, Polkhovsky-paydanskaya, puchuzhskaya, rakulskaya. Funga zvinhu nevamwe izvi zvekunyanyisa.

The kwaita khokhloma

Kugona kupenda muti yendarama ruvara pasina kushandisa Chaizvoizvo, ndarama yave akatamisira Khokhlomskaya vanatenzi pakati kamufananidzo splitters uyo akavhura ichi anoziva zviri XII remakore Pakavanda murenje masango kumabvazuva Volga. Panzira, ivo vaiziva rwokugadzira, ichipa kupenda: lathe mabhizimisi uye nounyanzvi yekare chishongo. Zvichida vaivawo vanoziva yekare siyana painting,

Large yokutengesera Mumusha Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda kumabvazuva Volga - Khokhloma - sezvinoita magineti, magineti kuti unyanzvi mhizha.

Izvi, muna parlance ano, munhu remunharaunda akanaka kuti boka mumisha pamahombekombe erwizi Uzola River akashanda kwete chete nokuti musika repamba Russian. Vatengesi Wealthy vakatenga bato yake huru tradable zvinhu uye akamatakura nokuda ekisipoti. Saka, Khokhloma musika waiva "pasi pfuti", zvose zvemukati uye zvokunze pamisika, uye naizvozvo, yakanga hunodzorwa kunaka makwikwi ari mutengo makwikwi. chinokurudzira chaiyo akasikwa: mano masterovitogo kwevanhu vakauya kwaari chaihwo upfumi.

Maererano nokutsvakurudza nenyanzvi munguva kubva XII kusvika XVII remakore rakanga Evolving Khokhloma mhanya, integrates yekare Nizhny Novgorod mhando huni kupenda.

Munguva kubva XVII kusvikira XVIII remakore Khokhloma maitiro vainyanya kuumbwa. Mazuvano nzvimbo ayo:

- fekitari "Kokhloma Artist", riri kushanda kubva tenzi akagara Koverninskii dunhu (Semino, et unto.). In Mifananidzo yavo hunodzorwa maruva emusango uye michero;

- Association "Khokhloma Painting", Semenov. Masters Association dzinozivikanwa musoro naka mavara.

Michina khokhloma

Nun unyanzvi "bhurasho yakanaka" yakawanikwa yezvinoreva mupfumi zvinomera chishongo. A chikuru basa reDare risanyatsobuda. Art Khokhloma aiti abvume vanatenzi vamwe rwokugadzira. Characteristically, hazvina kushanduka nanhasi. We nyora murayiro mumatanho yaro:

- vytachivanie pamusoro lathe wehuni midziyo ( "mbatya");

- lähikuva blanks mvura mhinduro zvikuru kugadzirira ivhu ( "muti"). Munguva yedu, izvi, kushandisa chakagadzirwa lähikuva;

- gaba gaba kana sirivha. Zvino aruminiyamu inoshandiswa chinangwa ichi;

- Decorative kupenda huni uye nokuomesa zvibereko muchoto;

- varnishing uye inopisa kuomesa.

Ndichibvunza kupisa kurapwa mishonga yakajeka ruvara gamut vaifarira akwegura Painters Russian: mubatanidzwa goridhe uye tsvuku cinnabar pamwe dema ruvara. kureva Kokhloma tembiricha yamavira havana kukanganisa nokupenya uye musiyano mavara aya.

Nzira Khokhloma kupenda

Vintage maonero kupenda pamusoro pehuni, revatema kupinda Khokhlov, akazivisa maviri ezvinhu ayo, "Makuriro" uye "gomo" tsamba. The zita ezvinhu unotora nzira kushandisa chikuru siluetti chimiro.

"Horse" Gadziriro kunosanganisira kushanda mavara siluetti chinotsanangura zvakananga yendarama background. Background zvinowanisa yendarama "contouring" zvakananga kubva kumashure ne "zarisovyvaniya" tenzi dema uye tsvuku nzvimbo yakapoteredza "curls goridhe".

Mumwe hurongwa anoshandisa chete siyana Khokhloma kupenda. Kune chete mana, "Kudrin", "mumwe bheri" (kana "munhu shizha"); "A rutanda"; "Pasi necheseri."

"Kudrin" achipfeka "mishonga" muenzaniso rakanyorwa bhurasho yakanaka kwazvo. Ndiye Zvisinei, zvishoma akafanana petsanga, curled oma zvinopindirana vakagwinya zvindori. Maererano nenyanzvi, ichi ndicho chishongo kupfuura kare.

"Pasi bheri" - anokwevera gobvu bhurasho. Kuwedzera "Herbal" iri nechekare zvichiitika mashizha uye michero. Stylized chirimwa mhando uye anobatanidza. Pane mumwe chete "chokumisa" anogona kuonekwa uye camomile the dzomusango Strawberry mashizha.

Kupendwa "riri chimuti" anoratidza achitaura nezvenyaya imwe geometric chimiro (kazhinji rhombus). The nhamba anouya "mumakwenzi" vapenyu panhivi uye yakavhenekerwa zuva pakati.

In nzira "pasi makuriro" maruva sequentially wakavhomorwa gandiwa, uye ipapo vakasara akasununguka kumashure riri yechitema, vakawanda rutema.

Nokuda kusiyana nomumwe tenzi bhurasho kunoshamisa uye rakasiyana hohloma. Mhando kupenda, takakurukura kumusoro, humwewo pamusoro payo, zvinofadza kutarira zolotitogo kuwirirana, tsvuku uye mavara matema.

Gzhel. Search ivhu kuti porcelain

Gzhel Art unyanzvi kupenda akazvarirwa yava Ramenskoye kudunhu Moscow nharaunda. Old mazuva nzvimbo vaidaidzwa Gzhel kuminisiparati, uye nharaunda yacho musha akatambanudza Bohteevo, Volodya, Gzhel, Kuzyaeva, Novoharitonovo, Turygin.

Up kusvikira vemo varimi XVII remakore anobudiswa kubva vachiri chinyakare nevhu glazed zviumbwa. Mamiriro hwachinja nokuda maindasitiri kukura That vemo akakodzera kugadzirwa porcelain. Pokutangira yaiva chirevo chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich kuwana "ivhu yakakodzera" kuti pagadzirwe mishonga midziyo - muna 1663.

Zvakaitika waiva akabudirira, pamwe 1710 wezvinonhuhwira kuti vanhu pano vakatanga kushandisa mbishi zvokuvakisa. Vemishonga akarumbidza kunaka nevhu, uye nguva yasvika apo ivo maindasitiri vanofarira. Vaifarira mbishi zvinhu akakodzera kugadzirwa porcelain. By wamambo muna 1844 akamisa basa, izvo zvinosanganisira muridzi porcelain fekitari muMoscow Athanasius Grebenshchikov porcelain Manufactory uye injiniya Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, akagashira gornoinzhenernoe dzidzo paUniversity Marburg. makore mashanu kutsvaka zvakarurama ivhu. Muna 1849, pashure pemwedzi misere kutsvakurudza vakanga mined nevhu, izvo yakabereka kwazvo porcelain. Unhu hwavo akarumbidza pachake M. V. Lomonosov, waunodzidza naye Vinogradov.

Gzhel. Kugadzirwa kugadzirwa

Industrialist Grebenshchikov kushandisa mbishi zvinhu zvinowanikwa yayo Moscow chirimwa. Zvisinei, navakangwara vanhu vomumusha Gzhel nemisha yaro dzakapoteredza, panzira, sezvo isu ambotaurwa, akanga atova unyanzvi zvehari, uyewo akaona zvakanakira kushandisa yakawanda yepamusoro ivhu.

Wakabuda briskly sezvo mumisha vaigara kwazvo varairiri - vashandi kugadzirwa kubva chirimwa A. Grebenshchikov. Pakati 1750 uye 1820 tenzi-nemhizha akaita majolica - oblong-Kvasnikov zvirongo, ndiro, nemikombe, ndiro. Sora kupenda chakaitwa rwegirini, yero, zvitema uye aubergine pendi pamusoro chena background. Image zvinosanganisira shiri - pakati, uye rakapoteredzwa - miti, nemiti, imba. (Ie chinyakare mhando zvakaratidza kupenda midziyo). Tableware mu kudiwa. Paiva unhu makwikwi. Takanga kutungamirira aimbova zvehari mafekitari anogadzira yepamusoro polufayans fanana "wokumwe" ndiro.

Unyanzvi honed makore 80, uye kubvira 1820 rine anenge ose Gzhel mhizha kubereka polufayans. Ndiyo ichatonga zvine mbiri unyanzvi Gzhel. Products vatenzi zvinogona kuonekwa Hermitage. tableware ichi kwainzi yakanakisisa kuRussia uye nainaryadneyshey. Typical kupendwa Gzhel Teapots, nembiya, ndiro akazadza dzimba vatengesi namakurukota, mumaresitorendi. Kuvandudzwa siyana kupenda. Gzhel kutenga zvose pamusoro nyika, kubva Ngirozi Huru kuna Astrakhan, kunze kwenyika kune Central Asia uye kuMiddle East. Production yakaitwa vanenge makumi matatu mafekitari. Mubasa pakuburitswa Gzhel vagadziri: Barmina, Gusliny, Gusyatnikova, Kiseleva, Terekhova, Sazonov.

Zvinosuruvarisa sezvo 1860 pane kuderera Gzhel kupenda. Folk unyanzvi, akazvarwa makwikwi yemazana vaburitsi duku gumi svikiro iri misha pragmatism makuru nevhu rakawandisa. Pakati chindingindingi akamira MS Kuznetsov, dzayo zvinomera shanu uye wepagore kugadzirwa goho kuti 2.1 mln. Kwiza nechekuzasi. Production inokwana dzasara 14% kubva Kuznetsovsky. Kutaura zvazviri, ari mugadziri Kuznetsov uye "akakoromora" basa. Gone makwikwi, ungaderedza chido, ungaderedza quality, yakauya kuderera.

Sezvo vemifananidzo akapendwa Gzhel

Gzhel akasiyana nevamwe pakuti tenzi neimwe, uchishandisa dzenhoroondo siyana uri vake mifananidzo, anosika unyanzvi hwake nomumwe.

Chinhu dzisinganyatsooneki unyanzvi. Chikuru basa iri kuridzwa ne zvakaitika tenzi, iyo kunoratidzwa munzira mumakwenzi. Panguva iyoyo mumwe chando chena porcelain anotendeuka rinobvumirana ruvara shanduko kubva yebhuruu kune zvikuru rwebhuruu blurry. Izvi zvose anoita chimwe pendi - cobalt. Figure rinoshandisirwa pamusoro, "nguva yokutanga", kutsanya.

Nei zvichikosha unyanzvi womufananidzo? Pakutanga, chaiye ruvara mufananidzo haigoni kuonekwa (kunyanya cobalt). Zvose sokuti monochrome mufananidzo, uye chete kana gzhel wakaitwa roasting muchoto, kuswedera vachaonekwa zvizere.

Ndeipi nziyo Gzheli? Nezvebasa rinokosha mairi kazhinji anobata Decorated ruva. Parutivi nayo Nyatsobatanidzwai izvivisty "mishonga" storyline, vapfumi mashizha uye michero. Zvinoitika kuti mufanidzo iri yakarukwa semhuka misoro, kana ukama upenyu hwezuva nezuva (eg kumba).

Kufanana zvinenge anoshandura mufananidzo uyu? Forms unyanzvi kupenda "nokukwezvwa kubva pakutanga" Gzheli kuderedzwa anenge kuti chikumbiro zodzera nzira. Kune chete zvina: zodzera chiningoningo shaded uye dzakapendwa mumwe bhurasho muenzaniso "Sitchikov", uyewo mukwanisi mufananidzo.

Zodzera samambure inozivikanwa shaded ruvara zvenguva nokuda superposition dzakasiyana kuchinyanya nokuda cobalt chaiyo chaisazvitsigira bhurasho Artist.

Painting neruoko rumwe dzinoratidzwa ndechokuti mumwe anotevedzana ronda matauriro akasiyana yaimbovapo. Kuwanda nokurova zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza, vari "vakareruka".

Muenzaniso "Sitchikov" - sendarama. Iye anoita munhuwo bhurasho yokutenda.

Used GZHEL nemhando nokudhirowa mifananidzo hazvisi zvakananga Photographic kuberekana rokudzora motifs uye reinterpreted uye nenzira nedivi configuration. Images Artists reinterpreted zvitema mashizha, petals zvitema Roses, asters, carnations, Roses kutevera contours shiri uye mhuka. Dzimwe nguva anoratidza stylized zvinhu zvezuva nezuva kana zvinhu (somuenzaniso, vanhuwo zvavo 'zvirindo).

"Mishonga" nopindirana mhando mufananidzo - matavi anotandira zononoka zvinhu shading, sitiroko siyana, geometric zvimedu - kupa kukwana mufananidzo, kusika zvakakodzera dzokuAustralia.

Chiitiko Polkhovsky-Maidansky kupenda

Diverse Russian zvavo kupenda. Mhando wake kusiyana kwavakaita zvose, zvichida, inogona kurondedzerwa muna kushandiswa monographs, asi kwete munyaya. Saka, basa redu zvikuru mwero. Takatodzidza kunzi kwazvo "untwisted" mhando kupenda: Khokhloma uye Gzhel. Zvisinei, pane vamwe, vose yepakutanga uye vazhinji. Ngatikurukurei taura vamwe: Boretsky Gorodetsky, Mezen, Onega, permogorskaya, pizhemskaya, Polkhovsky-Maidanskaya, puchuzhskaya, rakulskaya etc. Vasingakwanise munyaya ino inozviisa kutaura vose, kupa tsanangudzo chete mumwe wavo - Polkhovsky-Maidansky.

kupenda Izvi zvakatanga pakutanga XX remakore ari Ascension muruwa Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Pano mumisha Polkhovsky the maidan uye mumusha Voznesenskoe pakupera ari XVIII remakore pakanga vanoshandura mamongi hove pamusoro Sarov wemamongi. Lathe akadzidza raanoziva uye varimi kuti vave nounyanzvi nemhizha iri kugadzirwa emapuranga midziyo. Wizards ari vaberekawo, sezvo vakati, "tararushki", kureva zvinhu zvokungonakidzwa: .. miridzo, howa, zvidhori, Easter mazai, matoyi.

The riwedzere nokuti pakusikwa mufananidzo kwaiva kutsvaka mumwe murimi mudiki Polinym Pavlom Nikitichem midziyo vizhiganiya, uye kubvira muna 1926, anomutswa okugadzira zvinhu zviri vanhuwo zvavo avatungamirira kuti kupenda ari mafuta zvigadzirwa, uye muna 1933 vakatsiviwa aniline madhayi.

Pashure basa polhovtsev wokurera Zagorci, merinovtsy, Semyonov, mhando itsva vakasikwa matryoshka kupenda (dingindira iri ticharamba kubata pamusoro gare gare).

Technology Polkhovsky Maydanskaya-Style kupenda

Pakutanga, pemvura remuti nyaya iri pasi sanding uye priming starch namatidza. Ipapo yakaiswa redunhu muenzaniso mu ingi uye kupenda akanga akatakurwa kunze. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa pendi mana mavara: tsvuku, yero, girini uye zvitema. Zvino chinozoiswa "aiming" mamirire Munhoroondo danho Polkhovsky Maydanskaya-mhanya, wakaumbwa mufanidzo sitiroko gandiwa dema. We wedzera kuti kupenda mhando iyi kunoratidza nzira dzakadai overprinting.

Izvi mhando ounyanzvi anoshandisawo rinokosha kwenzira mudunhu-isina kupenda.

We ataurwa uyu mhando kupenda hakusi netsaona. Iye yakakura USSR kusvikira 90s, zvichibatanidzwa. On Ascension fekitari vanhu mazana mashanu zvakashanda. Izvi, 40% - the vemifananidzo mabasa painting, vamwe - turners. Kune zvakaipa creatively, rokusika rabhoritari mufekitari. Products aivigirwa kuUnited States uye Europe. Nhasi, tsika vakaisa fekitari kuva Entrepreneurs.

Her mambo matryoshka

Kwete nguva dzose evolutionarily vakashanduka Russian kupenda. Types dzimwe nguva chakaitika zvisingatarisirwi - kwete kubva "nguva kare". Ivo kunotangira okuvhenekesa rimwe chete okusika vanatenzi Russian. Izvi zvakaitika matryoshka. Iye - kwete primordially Russian kuvamba.

Matryoshka akazviratidza Russia muna XIX remakore muna Sergiev Posad. Mukadzi the artist Sergei Vasilievich Malyutin muna 1898 kubva Japan Nhamba Fukurumu mutana, uyo invests nemifananidzo mana (nenzira, maererano Japanese ngano, wokutanga nhamba dzakadaro akaita Russian mumongi). Sergey reinterpreted "mu Russian," pfungwa dzake. Paiva kwakajeka pfungwa - kuti vatevedzere mhuri chaiwo Russian. ipapo Name Matrona akanga zvakakurumbira Russia. Uyezve, sezvo ndaifunga Milutin, izvozvo resonated ane zita mhuri weRoma mai.

Sergey akaita richiswedera kwokufananidzira upfumi masere. Mukadzi akatevera mwanasikana wake ane jongwe dema, uye ipapo - mwanakomana, ipapo - zvakare musikana, worusere mufananidzo waiva mwana. Wood Turner chimiro chavo machine psac VP Zvezdochkin. Painted maumbirwo iye Sergei Vasilievich.

Kugadzirwa are. mhando kupenda

World dzakakurumbira are, ayo kuziva nyika anoreva 1900, kana "akabuda" - World Exhibition kuParis.

Aigona muri acho matryoshka zvakaitika? Nechekare muna 1899 yose Sergiev Posad runobereka nezvidhori itsva inofadza: vasikana nevakadzi, mutsvuku, vanamajasi namaapuroni uye headscarves uye sundresses pamwe matengu, mhuka dzinovaraidza, shiri, maruva. Zagorski Style (sezvo chikazozikamwa, Sergiev Posad Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Zagorsk) zvakasiyana wakajeka, nzeve zvidiki.

Sezvo 1922 nesting nezvidhori dzave akatanga kubudisa mumusha Merinova muna Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Yomunharaunda Turner Mayorov F. kutenga Segiyo matryoshka, machine psac "yavo". Iye akapendwa ari kwokufananidzira mwanasikana wake. Merinovtsy akakurumidza nyanzvi kugadzirwa nemifananidzo kunzwisisa izvi. Merinovskaya matryoshka - akasimbisa wakajeka, kunyange zvakadzama zvishoma pane Zagorskaya.

Third "dhipoziti kuti zvidhori" raiva Polkhovsky the maidan musha, inozivikanwa uye turners, uye kupenda. Polkhovsky matryoshka ane pachake zvachiri:

- Kurohwa kupera, duku rakanyorwa munhu;

- Nzvimbo hengechefu zvitarisiko uye mitsara sundress (siketi), kubva shure 2/3 matryoshka kupendwa rutsvuku (tsvuku) kana girini. Ruvara rinosiyanisa hangachepfu naye. Pahuma nesting nezvidhori kupendwa ruva-spruce Grouse. Akasarudzwa epuroni - kubva pamutsipa pasi. Painting epuroni dzikarongwa "mune imwe denderedzwa." Nepakati - kuzivisa rozi bazi, mashizha, michero. The sezvamunoita ari kuzadzikiswa daisies uye kukanganwa-ini.

Yakaomesesa iri zvaAtemisi Vyatka matryoshka tenda kuti mhizha vemo inlay rinoparadza.

mhedziso

Russian uri mufananidzo sezvo rudzi decoration iwe kwakavakirwa chevarwere tsika yakadzika, nenhanho vazive zviri yokumusha, chii imwe mhuri. Rinobatanidzwa emakore oupenyu amadzitateguru edu, saka aisiya zvinhu kutakura nokuchengeta ushamwari, vanhu, zvinhu atinoitwa upenyu. Chaizvoizvo munoshongedza upenyu murume ano, ivo kuribvisa "kusazivana," pezvokuvamba kushongedzwa mupenyu nzvimbo dzakaitwa.

Art kupenda kunoitawo zvimwe dzokuAustralia hwedu, kuyeuka chamazuva ose Motherland, pamusoro nokudenga munhu basa mumwe munhu - kuti upenyu yakanaka vakavapoteredza.