Merimee Prosper: biography, zvinyorwa zvinonakidza, zvisikwa, rufu

Prosper Merimee, uyo mazita ake uye basa rake rinowanikwa munyaya ino, nderimwe remanyori akajeka zvikuru emakore ekuma1900. Nemhaka yezvidzidzo zvake, akanga akasiyana zvakanyanya nevanyori vemazuva ano veFrench. Asi hupenyu husinganzwisisiki huri pakati pekubudirira hwakanga husingagoni kukwevera munhu akadaro uye anesimba seProsper Merimee. Nhoroondo yemuumbi we "Carmen" ine makore akawanda achishandiswa kure nemusha. Yakawanda yemabasa ayo akazvipira kune vagari vomunharaunda dzemapurovhinzi eSpain neFrance.

Makore okutanga

Prosper Merimee, ane biography shomanana inotsanangurwa pasi apa, akanga asiri munyori ane nyanzvi uye munyori wezvidzidzo, asiwo muongorori, akanyora mabasa akasiyana-siyana munhau yekare, akaita chikamu chikuru kune tsika dzeFrance.

Akazvarwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe. Kubva kuna baba vake, munyori weramangwana akagara nhaka yekutenda uye rudo rwekusika. Somwana, handina kufunga nezvekudzidza mabhuku anonzi Prosper Merimee. Bhuku shomanana raanonyora iye anonyora makore ekudzidza paChikoro cheMutemo. Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza, akagadzwa muchengeti wezvakaitika kare. Asi kana iwe uchitenda mazvikokota, wakanga ari paakange ari mudzidzi, akaziva kuti basa rake chaiyo ipilology. Akadzidza Chirungu, ChiGiriki, neSpanish. Uye kuitira kuti averenge muPushkin yepakutanga, mutori wenhau weFrance, achive mutsigiri webasa rechidembo, akaziva mutauro weRussia.

Kutanga kwenzira yekusika

Prosper Merimee akatanga sei basa rake rekunyora? Bhuku rake, semitemo, rinotaura nezvekuunganidza mitambo "The Clara Gazul Theatre", iyo yaiti iye akatanga basa rake rokusika. Ichokwadi, basa rekutanga rinoshamisa rekare rechiFrench rakagadzirwa kare.

Prosper akanga asina kusvika gumi nemapfumbamwe apo, pakutongwa kweaaishanda naye neshamwari (kusanganisira Stendhal), akaratidza mutambo wakashinga kune dzimwe nguva. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, unyanzvi hwekuFrance hwakatanga kuremerwa nemagariro akaoma echikoro. Asi kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro basa remutambo wokutanga rakaita sevamwe vashandi vakashinga kwazvo, vasina kujairika. Vakabvuma kutamba kwakanyorwa naRussia Prosper Merimee. Bhuku rake rehupenyu rinoramba richireva nezvekutanga kwemavara. Basa raifadza zvikuru Stendhal, Merimee akasarudza kusaparidzira, nokuti akafunga kuti iri kure nekukwana.

Muongorori Wezvakaitika Zvekare

Ndichionga chigaro ichi, Prosper Merimee, uyo anofanirwa kutaurirwa nezvekufamba kwakasiyana-siyana, aiva nemukana wekufamba zvakawanda munyika. Asi akadzidza kunakidzwa nematunhu emapurovhinzi gare gare, panguva yakakura. Uye pamagumo eyunivhesiti, Merimee akabudisa sarudzo yemitambo inonzi "The Clara Gazul Theatre." Asi akaibudisa pasi pepseudonym.

Clara Gasul

Ndiani akafananidza vanhu vakararama panguva imwechete nemunyori uye mutambi wenhau nezita raProsper Merimee? Bhuku rake rinotaura kuti pakati pevamwe hukama hune humwe hunhu hwakakosha hwakabuda. Merimee aisada kungofamba uye kutambira, asiwo anotsvaga. Saka, chekutanga, yakabudiswa naiye, yakasimbiswa nemumwe mukadzi. Uye pachivharo chaiva nechitarisiko chaMerimee, asi muchikadzi.

Iakinf Maglanovich

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvingaitwa nenyaya yeProsper Merimee? Nzira dzinofadza dzinoreva nguva dzekutanga dzoupenyu hwake. Kana boka rake rokutanga Merimee rakabudiswa pasi pezita remumwe munhu Clara Gazul, ipapo pavharo rebhuku rechipiri mumwe aigona kuona pseudonym Iakinf Maglanovic. Yaiva musangano weAllyrian ballads anonzi "Gusli", iyo inotaura nezvevaroyi, vampires uye nedhiyabhorosi. Bhuku racho raita ruzha rukuru muEurope, nhasi inonzi yakachenjera uye inonyengera kutevedzera nhetembo dzevanhu veWest Slavs.

Historical Literature

Gare gare, Merimee akabudisa mabhuku akave ari pasi pezita rake. Akapa vaverengi mabasa pamusoro wezvakaitika kare - "Jacquerie" uye "The Chronicle of the Times of Charles XIX". Uye Merimee akatakura vaimuyemura kunyika dziri kure. Iyo inoverengeka "Matteo Falcone" inyaya yakaipa kubva muupenyu hweCorsican. "Kutora chikomborero" - basa rakazvipira mukushingirira kweRussia muhondo neNapoleon. Uye, pakupedzisira, "Tamango" inhau yakatsamwa pamusoro pekushanda kwevaranda veAfrica.

Kumatare

Muna 1830 Merimee akafamba zvikuru mumoyo weSpain wake waaida. Pano akaonana na Count de Teba nemudzimai wake. Mwanasikana wavo - Eugene - gare gare akazova muFrench Empress. Musikana kubva kumakore ekutanga ainzwa shungu yeMerim. Saka munyori akazova "wake" mudare. Pakazosvika makumi mana akapiwa mukana we senator uye akafarira chivimbo chakakwana chaNapoleon III. Zvematongerwo enyika nebasa hazvingakwanise kuita basa guru muupenyu hwePersper Merimee, asi yakatora nguva yakawanda. Zvichida ndicho chikonzero nei akanyora mabasa matatu chete mumakore gumi.

Georges Sand

Muna 1844 nhau "Arsen Guyau" yakabudiswa. Mariri, munyori akaratidza hutsika hwepamusoro hwomukadzi akawirwa pamusoro pehutongi, izvo zvakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru munzanga. Chikonzero chekunyomba kwaiva mharidzo Merimee nemunyori George Sand. Akamutendera kwemakore maviri. Uye zvakadaro wakakwanisa kumutsa mumweya wekusunungurwa uye kuora mwoyo mumurume manzwiro emukadzi. Asi ino inoveli yakanga isina kupfuurira. Nokudaro, Merimee akakavhiringidza kuti kusakwana kwakakwana kwekuzvininipisa mukati mekuda kwake kwakarova maari maitiro ose.

Carmen

Muna 1845, basa rakakurumbira zvikuru raMerimee rakabudiswa. "Carmen" ndiyo yaiva nheyo ye opera yakakurumbira yezita rimwe chete. Mune nyaya yatinenge tichitaura pamusoro pekuda kwomufambisi wekare, uye iye zvino mutengesi anonzi Jose, kune vane mano uye ane utsinye mukadzi weGypsy Carmensite. Mune basa, Merimee akabhadhara zvakanyanya tsika netsika dzevanhu vane rudo rusununguko. Musikana asingadi kuisa pasi, anouraya Jose. Novella Merimee akaongororwa kakawanda. Mukuona kwevatsoropodzi, nyaya iyi yemunyori wechiFrench akafuridzirwa mushure mokuverenga nhetembo yaPushkin "The Gypsies". Asi zvakakodzera kutaura kuti Merimee akakwanisa kugadzira chifananidzo chakasimba saDon Quixote kana Hamlet.

Makore apfuura

Makore makumi maviri ekupedzisira, Merimee akadaro haana kusika mabasa emifananidzo. Akazvipira pachake kumabasa ekunyora. Akanga akabatanidzwa mune shanduro, akanyora mabasa akasiyana-siyana akazvipira kuna Gogol, Pushkin. Ndiyo Merimee uyo anosungirwa kuverenga vaverengi vechiFrench nokuziva mabhuku echiRussia. Muna 1861 akabudisa basa remashoko pamusoro pemhirizhonga muRussia. Pakati pemamwe mabhuku, iyo musoro unobata tsika dzeRussia: "Chikamu chinobva kuRussian History", "Ivan Turgenev", "Nikolay Gogol".

Mamwe mabasa

Merimee akasika mabasa matanhatu anoshamisa uye nhamba makumi maviri nemasere. Mukuwedzera, akabudisa mitauro yakawanda pamakwikwi. Novels of Prosper Merimee:

• Federigo.
• "Nhengo muRedgmon."
• "Tsamba dzeSpain."
• The Etruscan Vase.
• "Mweya yePurigatori".
• "Kukanganisa kaviri."
• The Venus of Ilskaya.
• "Abbot Aubin".
• "Colomba".

Pakati pemabasa akanyorwa naMerimee yemutambo, zvakakosha kutumidza zita rokuti "Enchanted Gun", "Asingagutsikani", "Kutanga kweAvatarir".

"Lokis" - basa rekupedzisira, rakabudiswa naProsper Merimee.

Biography (rufu)

Muna 1870, muCannes, munyori mukuru weFrance Prosper Merimee akapfuura. Pakupedzisira kwake pane chiratidzo nechinyorwa chino: "Norudo uye ruregerero. George Sand. " Mushure mekufa kwemunyori, dzimwe mbiri dzevanoverengeka dzakabuda: "The Blue Room", "Juman". Uye kunyange mushure memazuva mashanu nyika nekuyemura yakateerera kumhanya kunoshamisa kwegypsy, yakaitwa naBeze mumimhanzi.