Mariya Tereziya - Archduchess kuAustria: Biography, vana

Mariya Tereziya akaberekwa musi May 13, 1717 muVienna. Maria akakurira mumhuri ine rudo. Sezvingatarisirwa, yakanga aigadzirira basa rakanga kuridza muupenyu hwangu. Mukomana Archduchess kuAustria dzidzo vagamuchira, saka kutaura, mukono hunhu. Iye muchirongwa kumisangano Council of State kubva makore 14. Uyezve, akadzidzisa mitauro: French, vokuItaly, Latin. Zvisinei, kusvikira pakuguma kwoupenyu, zviri pachena, yava akaramba Viennese madudziro emazwi.

Vamhan'ari noruoko kwaMariya

Mushure musikana waiva 18, akaroorwa, Chokwadi, kufungisisa zvinodiwa nehurumende. Chokwadi, paiva Vakwikwidzi akawanda ruoko Mary, remangwana Empress Austria. Prussian Crown Prince, mumwe Grooms, vakatsigira Evgeniy Savoysky, ari yeAustria yokukunda, aiva akanaka zvikuru. Izvi runyerekupe munhu akanyorera vaiona mubvandiripo mwanakomana Louis XIV, mambo French. Next rwiyo gamba uye yokukunda haina kuzivikanwa sowechiduku munyika yake. Saka akapedzisira Austria uye zvadaro akauya nyika iyi chinopenya kukunda zvechiuto.

Zvisinei, Austria kwakaita enyika zvaunofarira zviri zvakasiyana. Kufunga seyi kubva chaienda kuFrance, Lorraine, kwakabva mhuri vakaumba kubatana pamwe Prussian Crown Prince Frantsem Shtefanom pamusoro Lorraine. Raiva hama kure pakati Bourbons uye Habsburgs.

Happy muchato

Murume waMaria sechikamu aifanira yokufudza mutemo vakadzinganiswa reEuropean chinja pamusoro duchy kwake Tuscany. Somugumisiro ari kubatana Theresa rayakavambwa House of Habsburg-Lorraine. Zvisinei, mutemo hakutadzisi manzwiro dzimwe nguva. Vanoti chete kasikana Maria kudanana France, uye akatakura rudo rwake kuburikidza hwake, kunyange dzimwe nguva zviri godo wake.

The muchato kwakaitika muna 1736, musi February 12. Mavandhiro, izvo akatambanudza kupinda matatu, wechiduku akapedza muna Tuscany. Vakabva ndokudzokera Palace (Vienna). Mariya Tereziya chaizvoizvo akatora pamusoro zvematongerwe enyika. Murume wake mavari, sezvo vari muchiuto, haana simba chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, muna 1738, mushure yeAustria rati, yakaguma muna kukundikana, akadzokera kumba ane huta Kuparara.

mhuri huru

At Marii Terezii aiva nevana vakawanda mhuri inofara. Maria vakati kuti pachinhu nevana usingagoni kuguta, saka pashure pakukurukura ose akataura kuti havasi zvakakwana. Dangwe Theresa akaberekwa muna 1737 Pashure kuti zvakanga kusununguka muna 1738, 1740 ... uye saka anenge ose gore kusvikira 1756. Kashoma penguva pakati pamuviri aiva makore maviri kana matatu. Maria achangobva nevana 16, 5 zvavo vakomana nevasikana 11. Muna 1756 iye akaberekwa gotwe, Maximilian Franz. Somwana, akanga afa maviri chete kuti mumazuva iwayo undoubted kubudirira. Education uye Kurerwa vanakomana nevanasikana akateerera zvikuru kuna Mariya Tereziya.

vana varo, kwete hazvishamisi, akamuda. Zviya, kwete chete yayo - vamwe vanhu zvakare vakakweverwa kwaari. Muna 1762, mumwe Mozart muduku, uyo akakokwa kuridza konzati mumuzinda, ndichinzwa nzvimbo kwaMariya, vapinda pamakumbo ake. Zvakanga dzakwidzwa chisimbiso dare rokupenda.

Rufu Charles VI uye monyorora itsva nhamo Mary

Zvisinei, kuti akanyorova mufaro vawanani kwave hurukuro pfupi. Emperor Charles VI muna 1740, akafa, uye Mariya, uyo panguva iyoyo makore 23 okuberekwa, vaifanira kukwira choumambo Austria. Akanga atova panguva ino amai nevana vatatu, rakanga nepamuviri wechina. Theresa paakarwisana basa hurumende kwaisava nyore. Uyezve, panguva iyoyo Habsburg yaisanganisira, kunze yeAustria, Czech, South Holland, Hungary, nyika Italy.

Pakutanga, nekuti rufu Charles haana pasina ayo ezvematongerwo varasikirwa. Karl Albrecht, Elector pamusoro Bavaria, akapiwa korona, uye makore 5 chete gare gare, muna 1745, pashure porufu rwake, uye pamwe mvumo mwanakomana wake, iye akadzokera kuAustria. Kutaura zvazviri, mambo aiva pasi zita Franz I Frants Shtefan uye Mariya Tereziya saka yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Empress. Pamutemo, iye pachake haana korona, asi nokutsunga, ruzivo varume, musoro wake akatanga kuchenesa kuti basa hurumende zvakaoma. Pakutanga Mary kwaibva baba vake vezvemitero. Zvisinei, ivo kazhinji vanowedzeredza pane kuramba Theresa ushingi hwaidiwa kuti tisarudze mutoro.

Activities Frantsa Shtefana

Frants Shtefan, uyo akafirwa nomudzimai wake mune zvematongerwo enyika makirasi vakatanga kuti zvemari mabasa Habsburgs, izvo, sezvinei, harina kumutadzisa kuva shoroma pachake. Kuwedzera mari, zviri zvakare kufarira zvesayenzi. Franz kuunganidza zvicherwa. Aiva yakasimba muunganidzwa Mari. Zhizha yakagara Schönbrunn Palace kuburikidza ake kuita kuti Zoo yakatangwa. It iripo nhasi, uye anonzi mukuru Europe. The Emperor zvakare kwazvo kurima. Akasika womuenzaniso mapurazi ari matunhu yavo.

Marriage vana aro basa dzimwe negwaro

Zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti Mariya Tereziya pakutanga kwete chaizvo ainyatsoziva dzimwe negwaro. Akanga aitungamirirwa munyaya dzenyika zvikuru mai ruzivo vana navakadzi vazhinji. Rave kuridza muchato nevana, Theresa vakaroora vamiririri dzimba kutonga inokosha muEurope. Mariya Tereziya, Jack vanakomana navanasikana kupa mumuchato, akasimbisa Rara Spain, France, Sisiri, Naples, Parma. Saka iye akasika vatsigiri vari kuenderera mberi kukweshera pamwe Mambo Prussia. ndimi zvakaipa vakatanga kudana nayo "mu-mutemo" uye "amai-kuti" yose Europe.

Zvisinei, kana paine matambudziko muchato vanakomana havana, pamwe muchato vanasikana, zvose zvakanga zvisina zvakanaka. Archduchess Maria Anna, mukuru wake mwanasikana, uye vakagara nekuti varombo utano kuroorwa. Zvinenge kumuchato Mary Elizabeth uye Louis XV, mambo French. Zvisinei, mwenga varwara pamwe chibhokisi, saka taifanira kubvisa kuroorana. Mwanasikana Marii Terezii vakaroorana kwete rudo, pamwe kunze Maria Cristina. sarudzo yake yaiva Duke Albert Casimir.

Mariya Antuanetta - mwanasikana muduku Marii Terezy. Fate akagadzirira wake chinosuruvarisa mugumo. muchato naye Louis XVI, Mambo France, hwakaguma zvinosuruvarisa nomurume wake, akanga pasi banga yacho guillotine. Yaiva Mariya Antuanetta akadzidzisa French croissants mangwanani. Akaunza France Hupenyu hwavo. Croissants - zviratidzo ari kirisendi vaMuslim. Ivo Austrians vakanga zvakabikwa uye kudyiwa sechiratidzo kukunda kwake pamusoro vokuTurkey.

Kusanzwisisana pamwechete Vakwikwidzi nokuda Nhaka

Board Empress kuoma ndechokuti Prussia uye Bavaria afa vake baba havana kuda kuziva Pragmatic mvumo. Vaida kuti mugove wavo wenhaka. Fridrih Veliky, Mambo Prussia (Makore oupenyu - 1712-1786), kushandisa ezvinhu akaoma, vasangana panyaya yokugara kuti Habsburgs vakatanga kuitisa akavhiyiwa zvechiuto muSilesia shure mugore rufu Charles VI. Uye pashure porufu rwake, hondo Kwevaapostora, kubvira 1741 kusvika 1748 Muhondo iyi, Prussia aizviti muSilesia. Zvisinei, Bayern Munich uye France haana kuramba naye. Ivo rakapera achingondinetsa Mary kumadokero kwenyika.

The hondo Prussia

Muvengi kukosha vakaramba vachiri Prussia. Mary aifanira kaviri kukura kuhondo. Nokuti ichi zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kusuma okuwedzera mitero. Mariya Tereziya Austria vakabvumirawo bhodhi weBohemia neAustria. Empress haunted nokurasikirwa muSilesia. Muna 1756 akatanga hondo pamwe Prussia. At makore 7 refu kunosvika hondo iyi. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisingaiti kudzokera muSilesia. Munhu wose aiziva kuti zvikuru nokurasikirwa uku ruzivo Maria.

Chiito Maria mudzimba negwaro

Ndizvo naMariya muAustria kwakaguma kutambudza uye kutambudzwa varoyi. Empress ichi akagadza Supreme Court. Maria, kutarisira nyaya kwedzidzo, akasuma dzidzo zvairayirwa vose. vana vose kubva pamakore 6 kusvika 12 okuberekwa vaifanira kudzidza. KuVienna, richiri kushanda theresianum - chikoro, yakavambwa Empress. Nhasi inodzidzisa vamiriri ramangwana. Muna 1751, Maria akavhura Theresian Military Academy muna Wiener Neustadt. Vakabhadhara ngwariro chaiyo yokusimbisa paYunivhesiti Vienna Medical weVadzidzisi Vedare. Chivako chitsva kuyunivhesiti akauya pasi auspices yayo. Kuteerera guru unyanzvi, Theresa akasimbisa kubatana France, Russia, uye Great Britain. Izvi zvose aiva akanaka kwakabatsira upfumi mamiriro.

Kufa Francis I

Muna 1765, August 18, akafa Franz I. zvakaita panguva Innsbruck, apo iye nomudzimai wake vakauya kumuchato Archduke Leopold, mwanakomana wake. Nokuti Maria, kurasikirwa iri zvakanga zvakatosiyana zvachose. Kwemakore 15 aigara vaipfeka kuchema.

Board naJosefa II

Pakafa mudzimai Maria anotonga pamwe Joseph II, mwanakomana wake, uyo akaberekwa musi March 13 1741 guta Josefa akava mambo aine makore 24. Kuzoroorwa akanga asina rombo: muchato akanga kubudirira, uye pasina nguva vakanga vakaberekerwa vana akafa muduku. Mudzimai akafa mangwanani, uye pashure pokufa kwake vakaroorazve. Zvisinei, hapana vana, uye kubva kumuchato uyu. Mariya Tereziya Austria haana kurwa mwanakomana wake kutungamiririra. Zvisinei, pakanga pasina unanimity pakati pavo. Zvikurukuru, Joseph arega ashandiswe Maria ichitongwa nehurumende. Hongu, uye vakachengeta anoshorana maonero avo dzimwe nyaya.

Marii Terezii uye rufu mundangariro yake

Mariya Tereziya akafira Vienna musi November 29, 1780 Aiva nemakore 63 chete okuberekwa. Mariya Tereziya kuAustria, ane Biography, munoona, unofadza zvikuru, pogruznela zera uye akanga achinetseka achifamba. Schönbrunn, mumuzinda, amuvakira kunyange rinokosha erevheta kuna mambokadzi haana kukwira masitepisi. Zvisinei, nhasi hahuzongoparari kuona, kuita tichiona makamuri. Asi zvinokwanisika kufamba namakamuri uye dzimba pamusoro Schönbrunn, iro akazorora muzhizha Empress, kuona mifananidzo uye vanodhirowa navanasikana vake. Mumoyo Vienna ndiyo shongwe Marii Terezii. Cherechedza kuti iye akararama iyoyo sezvo Russian Empress Catherine Guru.

Marii Terezii Thaler yakagadzirwa naye mufananidzo kubva 1753. Pakafa rwake kusunungurwa mberi. Rakanga wainyatsotaura gore Mariya afa. Muna 1925, zvakanga akasunungurwa vanenge mamiriyoni 15 thalers. Pamwe piastres, mari iyi vakagovera muEthiopia uye Arab nyika. Zviri zvakare huru dzaishandiswa mari yacho Levant, saka vakatanga kunzi Levantine Thaler.