Maria Montessori: A Biography uye mifananidzo. dzinonakidza zvinhu

Montessori - mumwe wokumwe pedagogy mazita kupfuura simba uye kuzivikanwa. Ndiani zvairemekedzwa uye akagamuchira mune anokudzwa mudzimba Europe? Ndiani chakabatsira zviuru vana kudzidza kutanga kudzidza? Vane mabhuku dzichiri diverge kubva echiShinto? Uyu Maria Montessori. The Biography Musayendisiti ichi vakakurumbira uye pfungwa basa yayo kusimuka pazasi.

mhuri Montessori

Hailing kubva anokudzwa revatongi Maria mhuri Montessori Stoppani. Baba, sei kusiyanisa mushandi wehurumende, akanga paakavapa sezvakarayirwa Korona Italy. Amai akakurira liberalists mhuri, vari pave chechikadzi nekuenzana. The yakanakisisa unhu vabereki ayo wokurera mwanasikana wavo, Maria Montessori. Biography (mhuri akaita basa rinokosha muupenyu hwake) Mariya chokuita Biography nevabereki vake. Akaberekwa muna 1870 muMilan Chiaravalle Abbey. Baba naamai aida kupa mwana dzidzo.

sekuru

Mwana kutaura nehama dzavo, masayendisiti verenga basa ravo. Kunyanya Maria airemekedza mabasa babamunini vake, munyori uye webhaibheri, Antonio Stoppani ane mhando. Aiva anoremekedzwa ndeuke Italy (muMilan iye shongwe.). kukura kwayo mumunda inoongorora, paleontology, uye kwakapararira kukura. Pane uchapupu hwokuti dzimwe pfungwa pedagogical Mary akakweretwa kwaari. Somuenzaniso, kushandisa dzidziso positivism yesayenzi mu pedagogy.

inotungamirwa

Zvinoitwa nevabereki nehama dzidzo uye kurovedza Marii Dali kure kana akaenda kuchikoro. Maria Montessori, ane Biography zvichiratidza uye anodzidzisa, nechekare mukutanga zvokukura dzidzo akaratidza kuti makirasi varo vari nyore. Masvomhu - yake kufarira nyaya. Zvinozivikanwa kuti matambudziko svomhu nayo akagadzirisa, kunyange yemitambo. Nokuti kokutanga chinzvimbo vakadzi yechipiri Maria akaona makore 12, kana iye aida kuenda kuchikoro. Kupfungwa ichi chechetere akatora chete vakomana. Zvisinei, hunhu chakanga Maria Montessori (Biography kakawanda unosimbisa ichi), zvinoitwa nevabereki vake uye, chokwadi, unyanzvi aakatipa njere vakaputsa mumagariro akagamuchira hurongwa. Rakazoshandiswa. Pano, panzvimbo unyanzvi chikoro, Mary nguva dzose aifanira kuratidza kodzero dzavo dzidzo pavakomana. Izvi wava chimwe chezvinhu yairwirwa zvayo kuita kuti atsigire kodzero dzevakadzi uye vanhu vaakanga munzanga hazvirevi kuverenga.

Pakusarudza basa

Unokwezva pamwe sayenzi dzinongoitika chesekondari uye chido kubatsira voruzhinji nezvainoita pakusarudza basa, yakaitwa Maria Montessori. Biography kunoratidza kuti chisarudzo ichi kwaisava nyore. Akasarudza kuva injiniya, apo vabereki aiwanzofamba nokudzidzisa. Muna 1890 zvaida panguva rorusununguko Mathematics uye Natural Sciences of University of Rome. Zvisinei, zvakanga ainakidzwa mushonga. Maria akatanga kupinda zvokurapa uye akasarudza kuva chiremba. Zvakanga zvakaoma itsva vanhu. Zvokurapa fakaroti havana kutora vasikana. Asi wake kutsungirira uye ruzivo, mhuri simba vakabvumira Mariya zvokuita 1892 muna University Roma, uye kuipedza muna rorusununguko Medicine, achiva mukadzi wokutanga munhoroondo Italy, vakagamuchira zvokurapa ake.

Start kudzidzisa mabasa

Biography pamusoro Maria Montessori anotiudza kuti kubvira pamakore okupedzisira dzidzo Mariya aiva mubatsiri ari muchipatara, uye kubvira 1896, pashure achidzivirira chinyorwa wake wepfungwa, akatanga kudzidzira repakiriniki. Ikoko iye kuonana nevana vakaremara, uye ipapo rikabuda mabhuku ezvokurapa pamusoro kwadzakabva pamusoro muchikwata chinokosha ichi vana munzanga. Works Eduarda Segena chiremba wepfungwa uye nyanzvi mune uchishanda matsi Jean Marc Itard uchiumba Montessori uye mabasa ayo zvakasimba. Akanga nechokwadi kuti vana ava achaunza zvinobatsira zvikuru kuti akwanise pedagogical basa pane mishonga.

Maria akatanga kudzidza mabasa pamusoro dzidziso dzidzo, dzidzo, dzidzo dzidziso. Sezvo 1896 iye akashanda nevana vakaremara, vari kugadzirira bvunzo panguva yechipiri chikoro mudiki. Mushure chinoshamisa zvabuda kuti akaratidza vaaidzidzisa, Mary chikazikamwa zvevoruzhinji. Hurumende yakashamisa Ortofrenichesky Institute, iro rinotungamirirwa Maria Montessori. Biography, muchidimbu pamusoro apa, inotungamirira pakugumisa kuti Mary ane akasiyana mano, nehanya uye kuziva kukosha kwebasa ravo.

Development kuti nzira

Sezvo 1901 Montessori kudzidza rorusununguko Uzivi mu zvakafanana achiita tsika muzvikoro, uko iye akatungamirira kuedza uye kuti zvinoonekwa. Maria akaona mamiriro ezvinhu umo vana vanodzidziswa chikoro chesekondari, kufanira kudzidziswa vateereri, hasha kuranga, kushaya kuzvipira Comprehensive kukura vadzidzi. Rikarova sei kurera vana vakaremara: kushaya dzidzo kwacho uye dzidzo yakakwana yakanga yava kuita mhirizhonga. Mary akaziva kuti nguva kuva vanhu zvikuru kuda uye vakambovhenekerwa. Uye chikoro yake yokutanga muna 1907 - "Vana House" - Maria Montessori akazarurwa. Biography uye mabasa amakore oupenyu yaitaura kukura uye uvandudze nzira dzichiri kunodzidziswa.

Wokutanga kudzidzisa chegungano international chechetere, rakanga vakapinda vanoverengeka gumi nembiri vadzidzisi, Montessori yakaitwa 1909. To iyi muridzi Bhuku bhuku rake rokutanga nezvenzira kushanda nevana vari "Vana Home". Mary nguva hwakavandudzika nzira uye kugara anobata ekudzidzisa vadzidzisi kubva pose. Kubudirira Mazano ari Montessori nzira kunozivikanwa muzvikoro ano uye kusimukira nzvimbo.

Maria Montessori: A Biography, vana

mhuri Mary pachake uye zvakasikwa. mwoyo wake wakapiwa chiremba, uyo akanga achishanda kuchipatara chepfungwa, mubasa kufanana chaiwo nevana. Ivo muna 1898 mumwe mukomana akaberekwa, randakapiwa vaduku kukura mumhuri nyore. Izvi zvakaitika nekuti Montessori kumbobvira akapikisa munzanga zvikuru mhosva kuberekwa vana kunze kuroorana. On chisarudzo mhuri waMariya kukanganiswa shamwari yake - dzakanaka mhuri muItaly Montessano Aragon uye mhiko mwoyo kusingaperi hwepedyo kuti akapa mumwe Maria uye Giuseppe.

Mario Montessori

Mario, mwanakomana Maria Montessori, ane Biography asina zvishoma zvinonakidza, regai mafi panguva mai vake uye ndava nemakore 15 akaenda kunogara naye. Uyewo pfungwa inoshamisa, tora basa vanozvikoshesa ramai vake, kumubatsira, akatora kwesangano zvinhu remapazi ayo. Vomunguva vanoti Mary Aimiririrwa Mario ari nzanga hama, uye chete pamagumo ake upenyu akati kuti ndiye mwanakomana wake. Pamwe chete, vakaita mugove munyika dzidzo: vakaronga misangano uye makosi, Anotaura Misangano, uye vanoita akazarurwa zvikoro. Mario akakwanisa kuva vakakodzera aizomutsiva. Panguva inokosha nguva, akanga aripo. Kana pamba vakatanga kusateerera simba uye vararame, vakamanikidzwa tama kuna India naamai vake uye mwanakomana, Mario uye Maria Montessori. Biography (rufu akatora Maria 82 gore upenyu) rinotiudza kuti Mario Montessori mberi basa pashure ramai vake kubva muupenyu. Mario pachake akasiya Maria Montessori akatanga mwanasikana zvakaitika Renilde. Iye akaramba ndokuwarira pamusoro Montessori nzira yose. Kuti akakwanisa kusuma pedagogy iyi Russia muna 1998.

Montessori nzira

Batsirai mwana wenyu kuti kupfuura - chikuru Mashoko ose Montessori nzira. Hazvina pfungwa kwete kumumanikidza kuti aite, kuti tirege kuisa kwavo maonero kunze, hamubati mwana kana ari akazorora kana kuona. Adult kana mudzidzisi vari vacherechedzi mwana basa. Ivo ugozvitumira, akamirira wakabvunzwa mwana danho. Mudzidzisi nokungwarira wakanyatsokodzera magadzirirwo kwezvakatipoteredza iyo mwana achava: zvose inofanira kuendeswa kukura Switch michina. Chinhu chinokosha mukukurukurirana nevana, Montessori nzira iri kuremekedza uye ruremekedzo. Rudo vana uye kudzidzisa Maria akaratidza mumabhuku ake, zvimwe mitsara iyo vava aphorisms. Chaizvoizvo yavo zvinotevera: mwana ekudzidza, vanhu vakamupoteredza, maitiro avo, ukama hwavo mumwe uye kuti mwana. Kuratidzwa yakanakisisa dzevanhu unhu kana kubata mwana - zviri zviyo rokudyara iyo kuunganidza zvibereko zvinokosha mune ramangwana.

Vamwe nguva Montessori dzidzo vari achitsoropodzwa. Izvi kushayikwa okugadzira zvinhu, Kurambwa pebindu-basa nokutamba mabasa, akavarambidza kurovedza muviri, uye zvakawanda. Zvisinei, Maria Montessori, ane Biography aishamwaridzana nevana, akaita nzira yakadaro, zvinokosha zvinhu izvo zvinoshandiswa dzakawanda dzichiri nzvimbo uye kindergartens.