Mapurisa eUnited States. Tsamba mumapurisa eUnited States. US Police Codes

Mapurisa eUnited States akaparadzana. Inosanganisira zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe emapurisa ematare ehurumende, uyewo emahofisi makumi maviri nemazana maviri ehurumende chaiyo. Zvinoshandisa zvose panzvimbo nepamatunhu. Panguva imwe chete, inenge hafu yematare emunharaunda ine vashandi gumi chete.

Izwi rokuti "mapurisa eUnited States" akadaro muAmerica rinoshaikwa. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine dhipatimendi rezvemapurisa, iro rinozvimiririra kune vamwe. Maitiro avo munyika dzakasiyana-siyana inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvikamu zvinowanzozivikanwa zvinogona kusarudzwa. Mapurisa emapurisa, somuenzaniso, anotonga zvikuru mitsara mikuru kana kupindira mukukumbira mumatambudziko akasiyana, apo mamiriro ezvinhu anoda. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, vatungamiriri vehurumende, vatungamiri nemamwe madzishe emakamuri ekuvhota haasi pasi payo. Mune dzimwe nyika, mapurisa eUnited States ane zvikwata zvakasikwa zvakagadzirwa nemhando yemapurisa ezvipoteredza, pamwe chete. Vashandi vavo vane kodzero dzakafanana neyavarume vehurumende. Mune mamwe maguta kune Auxiliary Police Officers. Kutaura nenzira yedu, ava ndivo vakangwarira. Funga nezvenyaya yakakura iyo mapurisa eUnited States ane.

Sangano rePurisa reUS

Sangano rehurumende reUnited States rinofananidzira rusununguko kubva kune nhengo dzehurumende dzehurumende yemunharaunda. Iyo yekare, yekare, inoita mabasa ega pasina hurumende yehurumende. Nhengo dzavo dzekutsvakurudza dzinowanikwa pane zvose. Sangano rinotsvaga mhosva dzinotarisirwa nemutemo kune hutongi uye hurumende yehurumende yehurumende. Iripo masangano ekutsvakurudza anotarisana nemhosva dzinokonzerwa nekukwanisa kwezviremera zvehurumende imwe neimwe. Mune hurumende yeAmerica pane masangano anokosha - hurumende yehurumende, ruramisiro. Izvo zvakakamurwa, zvakare, kupinda muKadhimende akasarudzwa neMutungamiri uye kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana emahofisi. IFBI ihofisi iri mukati meDhipatimendi reRuramisiro. Icho sangano rehurumende rinoshanda munyika yose. Zvisinei, muUnited States hapana chakajairika munharaunda yose yemapurisa enyika. Muganhu wekutarisa, somuenzaniso, isuniti iyo chikamu cheDhipatimendi reHurumende. Inobatanidza nekutamira kune dzimwe nyika uye maitiro emitambo, kurwisana nemhirizhonga uye kupindwa kwemishonga. Mapurisa ehurumende uye magarisiro emugwagwa anoshandisa hurumende dzehurumende. IUnited States yakakamurwa kuva nhengo. Mune imwe yei, mutungamiriri wenyika anosarudzwa kwemakore maviri kana mana, asi mune vamwe mapurisa anogadzwa. Mazano - dzidzo, yakavakwa nemaguta, mune imwe neimwe iyo iyo mukuru inosarudzwa.

Mitemo yezvemitemo

MuUnited States, masangano makuru ane mamiriro ehurumende ndeye Federal Federal, neHurumende yeHurumende uye National Postal Service. Basa ravo nderekugadzirisa mabasa ehurumende mukuronga kutengeserana kwemashure, kubhadhara mitero nekuteerera mitemo. Masangano eHurumende yeRuramisi anosanganisira FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation). Inobata nenyaya dzine chokuita nekubvuta, kubamba kwebhangi, kukanganisa kwemitemo. Kune dzimwe hurumende.

US Traffic Police

Basa guru revatariri vemapurisa nderokuongorora njodzi dzemugwagwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemugwagwa. Aya mabasa muUnited States haasi akaparadzaniswa muhutano hwakasiyana, sekumwe mune dzimwe nyika. Zvimwe zvekare zvinoshandiswa mumaguta makuru (Washington, New York) zvinogona kutarisana nezviitiko zvakakomba uye zviitiko, uye monopatruli inogona kubhadharwa nokuda kwekutyora mitemo yepamigwagwa uye kugadzirisa migwagwa. Mahofisi ari mumugwagwa wemugwagwa chikamu chezvikamu uye nyika, iyo inonyanya kukosha, ine kodzero yekugadzirisa kufamba kwemotokari. Aya ndiwo mabasa makuru ayo mapurisa emigwagwa eUnited States anoita. Mufananidzo wevaranda vake unoratidzwa pamusoro apa.

Mapurisa emapurisa ane kodzero yakawedzerwa inovabvumira kuita mabasa avo kunze kwenyika. Vaparidzi vehurumende vanozvimirira vanoshanda mumaguta akawanda. Vanotarisa kutyora kwakanyanya, kunyanya, kuongorora kutevedza mitemo yekupaka.

Private security services

MuUnited States, kune zviuru zvezvazvo. Mumabasa emabasa aya aibatanidza nhamba yakawanda yevashandi. Vanoita basa remapurisa. Kushandisa kwavo ikozvino kuwedzera. Kazhinji, makambani makuru anoronga mabasa avo ezvokuchengetedza, ayo anorwisana nebavha, unyengeri, kuba, uye hutsananguro hwekambani mukati mekambani.

Zviteshi zvehurumende zvakarongeka mune mamwe maguta. Vanonyanya kuita mabasa ekudzivirira, kudzivisa zviduku zviduku. Inogona kushandiswa panguva dzenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, mhirizhonga uye hurukuro, uyewo mune dzimwe nguva apo vashandi vematare emapurisa vachange vasisipo.

Mapurisa emasoja

Zvisikwa zvaro zvakatanga makore anopfuura mazana maviri akapfuura. Mapurisa ehurumende yekuUnited States akava hurukuro yakazvimirira munaSeptember 1941. Tichifunga nezvechiitiko chakawana munguva dzakawanda dzemazuva ano emakakatanwa umo mauto eUnited States akatora chikamu, basa rakagadziriswa rakagadziriswa nekugadzikana uku rakashandurwa uye rakanatswa. Parizvino, iri kuchinjwa uye inovandudza.

Mapurisa sevhisi yemasangano evanhu

Gore roga roga basa remapurisa emuAmerica sekushanda kwemasangano ehurumende kunowedzera. MuUnited States, inenge inongova yega inoshushikana inoshanda iyo inenge yakakomberedza awa, nemasimba akawanda. Dzimwe nguva ivo vane discretionary.

Kubatanidzwa kwepamutemo kwemabasa

Chikamu chemapurisa chinonyanya kukosha kune zvakagadzirwa zvematongerwo enyika ehurumende. Kunyange zvakadaro, pamusangano-federal-constitutional level, iye anenge asingagamuchiri kugadziriswa kwepamutemo. Iri sangano rinongotaurwa zvisina kunyoreswa mumatongerwo enyika akawanda. Mapurisa akawanikwa akatsigirwa nemutemo uye kutonga mumatunhu uye mumasisiti emitemo.

Basa muPurisa yeUnited States

Shanda mumapurisa eUnited States anozivikanwa, kunyange zvazvo asina kunyanya kubhadharwa. Vadzidzi vanozviisa kune zvimwe zvido zvinoda kusangana. Kuti uve mupurisa, unofanirwa kuva nehukama hweUnited States, kuva pakati pemakore 21 kusvika ku35, usina chirevi chekupomerwa mhosva, uye zvinodawo kuti usave nezvikanganiso zvachose. Unofanira kuenda kumapurisa academy. Kuda kunopiwa kune avo vakashanda muuto. Mushure mokupera kwaro mupurisa anotanga basa nebasa remigwagwa. Cherechedza kuti nguva ino inomiririra munhu wose, saka kunyange vashandi vane mazita akakwirira, kamwe vakambotarisa mumigwagwa. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti zvive nechokwadi kuti mapurisa ose, kubva pachikwata uye faira kune avo vose, anoziva zvakanyanya nezvebasa racho.

Tichataurira zvishoma nezvechinhu chinoshandisa chibharo chemapurisa eUnited States nemichina yevashandi vayo. Pakupera kwechikoro, chirongwa chebasa chinobudiswa . Chisarudzo chinogona kuitwa kubva pamabhasi mana. MuNew York, zvinonakidza, maererano nemitemo yenyika, mapurisa ane kodzero yekutakura zvombo chero chipi zvacho kwaari, asi chete vane simba vanogona kushandiswa. Chimiro mumatare akawanda, sekutonga, chinopiwa kumapurisa. Zvisinei, kune vamwe, mushandi we 1 000 madhora anopiwa gore negore kwaari. Chimiro chemapurisa eUnited States chiri chakanaka - mapundu akawanda. Zvinowanika zhizha nechando. Mapurisa ose eUnited States anosungirwa kupfeka bheji rekuzivikanwa iyo iyo nhamba yavo pachavo yakanyorwa. Kana iye ari weruvara rwesirivha - iwe usati uri mukuru mukuru, uye kana goridhe - mushandi ane nzvimbo yakakwirira. Motokari yemapurisa yekuUnited States inouya mune mamiriyoni emhando uye marongerwo. Chinyanya kukosha ndeye Chevrolet Impala uye Ford Crown Victoria (inoratidzwa pasi apa). Zvimwe motokari dzemapurisa dzekuAmerica ndeye Chevrolet Tahoe, Ford Explorer, 15-seat Ford Econoline nevamwe.

Kwenguva yemakore matatu, nguva yebasa iri muchengeti wepurisa rinopfuurira (rinofanira kuonekwa kuti munhu wese anowana iyo akakwanisa kupedza chikoro chemapurisa academy). Mushure mezvo mushandi anogona kuva muchengeti kana kuenda kune dhipatimendi mune imwe nzira kana imwe.

Muhurumende yeAmerica mapurisa inotora makore makumi maviri. Mushure mokunge mushandi anogona kubvisa pamba. Pazera remakore makumi mashanu, kune chiremera chikuru chebasa. Mumwe mupurisa mushure mekurega basa anogona kutamira kune imwe nyika (kazhinji Florida) uye agere pasi pano mumatare emapurisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, acharamba achiwana mubhadharo kubva pahupfumi hwake hwekare.

Mhando mbiri dzebasa remapurisa

Mhando mbiri dzebasa remapurisa dziripo muUnited States. Ikutanga ndeye basa guru. Imabasa evashandi vayo yakafanana neyemapurisa emunharaunda. Yechipiri ibasa risina basa. Vashandi varo vanobatanidzwa zvikuru mukurota nekutsvaga mabasa. MuUnited States, mapurisa anobatanidza hutano hukuru: mapurisa emunharaunda, mapurisa emapurisa uye mapurisa emapurisa.

Mapurisa emunharaunda

Icho chiri pasi pega kune vane masimba. Simba rayo rinongowedzera kune imwe nzvimbo yakakodzera kana imwe yunharaunda. Kune mhando mbiri dzemapurisa emunharaunda: mapurisa emakomisheni uye mapurisa emaguta emunharaunda. Basa ravo rinokosha zvikuru. Zvinotarisirwa kutaura kuti mapurisa epasi ndiwo akawanda kwazvo. Inenge 90 muzana yemapurisa eUnited States anowira zvakajeka mugove wayo. Mabasa ayo ndeaya anotevera: kuregererwa kwemhosva, kuongorora zvemhosva, mutemo wemigwagwa, pamwe chete nekutungamira uye kupurisa kwemapurisa nekuita kwehutsika hwemapurisa basa. Dhipatimendi rezvemapurisa muguta iri kuUnited States rinowanzorongwa zvakangofanana nehurumende yehurumende inoshandiswa. Mapurisa anowanzosanganisira hofisi yehupisheni, basa rekutarisira nekudzivirira, matare.

Sheriff munharaunda yehurumende

Muhutungamiri hwemunharaunda, mukuru wemapurisa anozvidavirira uye anozviisa pasi kune meya. Mutori wenyika, uyo akasarudzwa nehuwandu hwemakore maviri kana mana, anotungamirira mapurisa ehurumende. Mabasa ake ndeyekutsvaga nekuvhara mhosva dzemhosva. Ijeri remukati rinotungamirirwa neSheriff. Mumapurisa emaruwa uye kumaruwa, basa remapurisa rinomiririrwa nevasunungu vasarudzwa. Nheyo yavo, sangano revakuru, rakagadzirirwa munguva yakapfuura yenyika. Kusvika pamwero mukuru, nhasi iye akazvichenesa, sezvo kurwisa kuparwa kwemhosva, kuri kuwedzera kukura, kunoda unyanzvi. Uye ivo havana sarudzo dzakasarudzwa uye mapurisa. Mapurisa ari munzvimbo dzakawanda iye zvino anotsiviwa nemapurisa anowanzo.

Commissar, mukuru, superintendent

Mutungamiriri, mukuru kana gurukota remapurisa ndiye mutungamiri mukuru wemapurisa. Kazhinji anogadzwa nomukuru weguta, meya, kana kuti veMutemo wepasi. Musoro mumatare makuru emapurisa anosarudzwa nevhoti yakakurumbira, kana kuti anogona kutora basa iri kuburikidza nekuita basa (pashure pokunge apfuura kubva patori mukuru kuenda kumukuru, uyezve ave mubatsiri musoro).

Sheriff muhofisi yeruwa

Musoro wematare emapurisa munharaunda inowanzonzi Sheriff. Akasarudzwa panzvimbo iyi uye ane kodzero yekugadza vatariri vake. Mabasa akasiyana nemapurisa emasisita anoitwa nehurumende yehutungamiri. Izvi ndezvokuchengetedzwa mukati mezvikamu zvematare, kuchengetwa kwejeri reruwa, kushandiswa kwemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yemitemo, kusanganisira mitemo yematare uye zvisarudzo.

Mutungamiri wezvinyorwa

Aya mazita emapurisa eUnited States anoumba hurumende - sergeant, lieutenant, mutungamiriri, nezvimwe. Zvingasiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nekukura kwebazi. Mazana mumapurisa eUnited States havawanzogadzirirwa kuve vakuru. Inenge 90% yevashandi nekuda kweizvi vobva vasara, vachiri munzvimbo yechiremera. Sezvaunorangarira, muUnited States iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inonyanya kushandiswa inowanikwa kune munhu akabatana nemapurisa. Izvo chaizvo shoko rokuti "mukuru" haisi nzvimbo yeuto, sezvinotenda vazhinji. Inongova izwi rinoreva "mushandi", "mapurisa". Zita rechekikiti, nenzira, inonyanya kushandiswa kwemahofisi akafanana. Mahofisi emapurisa, avo vakashanda kwemakore anenge matatu kusvika mashanu muzvikamu, vanogona kuva sergeants kana vakapedza kuongorora kwakakosha. Zvadaro mapoka acho anowedzera kuwedzera: mushure mejeri - mutungamiriri, ipapo mutungamiri, nezvimwewo. Pakati pematare emapurisa haigoni kuendeswa saizvozvi. Munyaya iyi, basa rinofanira kutanga kubva pakutanga.

US Police Codes

IAmerica mapurisa anoshandisa matsamba anokosha kuti ataurirane. Munyika yose, nekuda kwemafirimu eAmerica, code 10 inozivikanwa. Yakagadzirwa makore anopfuura 50 akapfuura. Zvadaro vashandi vebazi rekuchengeteka vaingova nemhepo imwe chete yeredhiyo, saka wechipiri we-ether panguva iyoyo yaive yakakosha kuyerwa kwayo mugoridhe. Ndicho chikonzero mazano emhando yepamusoro pemapurisa eUnited States akaumbwa, ayo akachera nguva yekukurukura uye akaita basa rinobudirira. Zvisinei, pakanga pane dambudziko - mumatare akasiyana-siyana maitiro mamwechete dzimwe nguva aireva zvinhu zvakasiyana. Muhurukuro yekukurukurirana, kuedza kwakagadziridzwa kugadzirisa kurongeka, asi nguva imwe neimwe pavakapera mukukundikana: zvakanga zvisingakwanisi kuti zvizadzike zvizere. Dambudziko racho rakawedzererwawo nechokwadi chokuti nhamba idzi dzakashandurwa munguva. Somuenzaniso, kana pakutanga kwema1940. Mharidzo "10-24" inogona kushandurwa se "kurwisa kwepaiti, zvakakosha kusvika nokukurumidza panzvimbo yevashandi vose," asi ikozvino nhamba iyi mune vazhinji vashandi inozivisa mapurisa nezvebasa racho. Mumwe muenzaniso. Nhamba yekuti "10-82" imwe nguva yaireva chido chekuchengetera imba neimba yekugezera. Iye zvino unogona kutaridzika, zvichienderana nemamiriro acho ezvinhu, se "chiedza chekufamba" kana chirevo chekumusunga uye kumubvunzurudza anenge akanganisa panzvimbo iyo.

Kusvikira imwe nguva, zvisinei, vashomanana zvikuru vanhu vakavhiringidzwa nezvose izvi zvinopesana. Yakanga isingawanzoiti kuti maitiro makuru akabatanidzwa akaitwa, uye kana akaitwa, kazhinji aisada kubvunzwa nokukurumidza kubva kuvashandi, uye mapurisa naizvozvo aitaurirana muchiChirungu. Zvisinei, musi waSeptember 11, 2001, zvinetso zvakamuka. Ipapo icho chakakanganiswa chaiva chivako chePentagon, chiri muVirginia. Mapurisa akauya pakarepo kubva kumakamuri akasiyana-siyana, akawana kuti havagoni kunzwisisa. Muna 2005, mamiriro ezvinhu ane mukurumbira wepamutemo 10 akazosvika pakurema kwenyika yose, apo zviuru zvemapurisa kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana nemaguta akatumirwa kuzobatsira avo vakaurayiwa nemupupuri Katrina. Somugumisiro, mushandirapamwe wakatangwa kuti uparadze zvinyorwa zvakashata. Virginia yakava nyika yekutanga umo kushandiswa kwayo kwakarambidzwa.

Saka, iwe wakadzidza zvinhu zvinokosha pamusoro pemapurisa eUnited States. Sezvaunogona kuona, hurongwa hwahwo hunopesana zvikuru kubva kune imwe nzira iripo munyika yedu. Iyo inofadza zvikuru inoratidzika kune vedu vekodzero.