Mannerism paguva: ine mirayiridzo

Mannerism mu kupenda - ndiye dzaizotungamirira ziso hwemashiripiti wokutanga hafu XVI-XVII remakore. It dzakatangira Italy somunhu pavakanzwa dambudziko humanistic neururami, zvakafanana nezvaiitwa vamwe Renaissance. In rinobatanidza Mupfungwa, pfungwa iyi zvinoratidza mumwe muitiro mutsva netsika zvakanga maitiro uyewo mabhuku, mapurani, chivezwa, mumhanzi.

Background pamusoro

Mannerism paguva akazviratidza panguva apo unyanzvi vachiri vakaramba kudzora misimboti reHigh Renaissance. Zvisinei, maererano zvinoverengeka dambudziko socio-zvoupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvokunamata netsika yaiitwa kutsauka chinyakare kunzwisisa murume sezvo Anobvumirana wose pakunamata uye mumuviri nenheyo. nevafungi zhinji, masayendisiti, vakadzidza akaodzwa mwoyo pamwe humanistic zvinangwa. It akarasika kudavira zvinoenderana kwenyika, mukana akakwana coexistence womunhu uye nyika zvakasikwa.

The itsva kusvika

Mhedzisiro izvi zvakavapo uye vakava Mannerism muna painting, nokuti iyo yakanga dzinoratidzwa yakajeka kutsauka chaiwo kukura, zvikuru zvikamu, akakura mifananidzo. Zvino, vemifananidzo akatanga kunyora yakasiyana zvachose tsika. Zvapedzisira pfungwa, uye kuumbwa nhungamiro itsva, sezvo yakatsviriridza kwete pfungwa zviri web uye kunatsiridzwa, Sophistication uye nzira dzisinganyatsooneki dzokunamata.

nzendo

Mannerism paguva rabva kuburikidza wandei zvokukura kukura. Wokutanga kumwedzi inowira pasi makore 1520-1540. Panguva ino nguva, itsva manyorerwo iri kunyanya kubudirira mune wokuItaly, kana pane, muna Roman Florentine madenderedzwa (Vasari, Pontormo nevamwe). Artists nokushingaira pakugona mutauro mutsva uye ziso unyanzvi, ane kusimbisa pamutsetse, chiaroscuro, zvisingatarisirwi akafanana, ruvara dzinotaura.

Sezvo yechipiri yezana XVI remakore uye kusvikira pamusoro pakutanga rinotevera remakore, mumwe muitiro mutsva rapararira mhiri kondinendi, saka kuti mune dzinoverengeka European anoti ane chikoro chacho womunharaunda. The kupfuura ihwai waiva Fontainebleau muFrance. Saka, manyorerwo ichi agamuchira European pamutemo, aiva simba guru pamusoro pokumuka chinotevera kosi ari mutsika - the Baroque.

Features

Mannerism Italian kupenda nheyo yose nzira yose. Young vanyori vakaedza kukunda kuwirirana uye kuwirirana runowanzoitika Renaissance vanatenzi. Panzvimbo kumeso uye sandara zvitarisiko vakanga hunomirirwa mu akaputsika mutsetse, panzvimbo yakanyarara mwero postures - agility uye nesimba pamusoro kufamba nenhamba, akakura uye vakuru mifananidzo zvatsiviwa imwe panzvimbo dzakaoma nziyo.

Artists kazhinji vakatsvaka kubudisa rwomukati simba magamba. Uye kuti chinangwa ichi tava kuita rwakavhunika chiedza anopindirana. Nhamba akaitwa nemaune elongated, akatambanudza kupfuura kuwanda worutsanga mufananidzo. The Vanyori vaishandisa inotonhorera nemavara akasiyana kwavo vamutangira, inotsvaka kuratidza rugare pakunamata uye kuwirirana yomukati, dzakapendwa mu inodziya mavara.

kushanda

Saka, izvi kunyanya werudzii mannerism, kubvumira kuti govera nayo ari oga padanho kukura tsika uye nounyanzvi. Nepo vamwe vatsvakurudzi vari vachida kuona mairi mumwe zvinoratidza Renaissance, kana kutanga pavaipfuura Baroque. Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vakawanda vachiri wekuita nezvokuti kunyange isingaenzaniswi manyorerwo zvakare yepakutanga, iyo inopa chikonzero vasarudze izvozvo senzira yoga Danho okukura. Somuenzaniso, vatsoropodzi vanoti kuti mweya Chokwadi vakaumba hwaro sacral Baroque. Kunyange nhasi, pane kutevedzera zvidavado ichi vari kutarisana hwemashiripiti. Saka Ndezvipi zvimwe ichangobva kuitika - neomanerizm.

Mune dzimwe nyika

A itsva Muitiro kwakapararira munyika dzeEurope, kunonyanya kukonzerwa pakuti Italian Artists vaishanda zvinoverengeka netsika nzvimbo iri kondinendi. Asi mhizha zvomunharaunda akaratidzawo vaipiwa kufarira mutauro mutsva zvinoyevedza, madzidzisiro, zvinoreva rondedzero. Features Mifananidzo mannerist Artists zvinoratidzwa mabasa E. Greco.

Chikonzero kukurumbira wokugadzira ichaongororwa kuti kuzivikanwa zvikurukuru kwezvokufuka uye courtly. Pasina munharaunda iyi richangobva azopora nevatambi vane courtly dzorudo, madingindira kuti sokuti kupihwa upenyu yechipiri nemabasa mangwanani vemifananidzo ano.

Panguva iyoyowo, manyorerwo uyu zvakajeka uye inongosvikika zvishoma vanhu. It yakatanga kuva utsinye denderedzwa dare uye wamambo vakadzidza. Uye handina kugamuchira yakafara zvezvinotaurwa akadai pfungwa Humanism mudzidziso mune mifananidzo. Media dzakasiyana oma uye musasa, izvo zvinoita basa zvakaoma kuverenga. Mannerism muna kupenda, zvinhu zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva manyorerwo pakati vamiririri Renaissance, kunyange kwakapararira, zvisinei hauzoti yakadaro inokosha chakajairika mutsika. Okugadzira zvinhu yakakurumbira Titans, kukosha raiva zvikuru, aenda mhiri miganhu yakaisvonaka unyanzvi uye akagamuchira rakafara mbirikira.

Chiitiko pamusoro humanistic zvinangwa iri chokwadi kuti havana chete tsika asi magariro uye enyika kukosha. Chii chingataurwa pamusoro mannerism. Zvisinei, tinofanira kuonekwa raikosha chiitiko mukudzidza, nokuti akaratidza kuchinja kubva dzekare kuna Baroque manyorerwo.