The epigraphs ari rudo mabasa makuru

munyori ose munguva yake akataura mumwe nokusingaperi yemisoro - rudo. A muzvizhinji wokuronga vakazvitsaurira yakawiriranwa kunzwa. A kanoda mabhuku ndohwaJehovha munhoroondo yose rusina kukwana mberi rudo. Pamberi pakutanga nyaya yacho munyori anofanira kutsanangura zvaanoda kuudza muverengi. chinangwa ichi kushumirwa ari epigraph.

Chii?

Munguva dzekare, shoko iri rinoreva mashoko akanyorwa tombstone. Mabhuku epigraphs akazviratidza chete Renaissance. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi19, vakanga akaiswa pakutanga basa, uye pamberi nechimwe chitsauko. Yakanyatsofungwa Mashoko ari anoratidza yemunyori erudition. Unyanzvi vakashandisa epigraphs rudo vanyori vakadai Pushkin, Turgenev, NdiTolstoy, Gogol.

Shandisa nzira ino zvinotevera zvinangwa:

• kusimbisa pfungwa huru pebindu;
• kujairirana mweya basa;
• Anosimbisa huru manzwiro bhuku;
• okuti pachake mafungire pazviitiko zvinorondedzerwa.

Epigraphs vanyori nezverudo

Somuenzaniso, tinopa wandei vanyori, nounyanzvi utilizing ari epigraphs. Richard Yates nokuti chigadzirwa "Revolutionary Road" sokutaura Dzhona Kitsa - "Kuti unyoro, ipapo simba nyonganyonga nyama." Mary Vestmakot kuti basa rake, "Rose Tees" akatora mashoko TS Eliot - "The nyika mumwe uye pakarepo Roses Tees".

Dzhonatan Kerol somunhu epigraph kuti yokufungidzira "White Apple" akatora mashoko raiti rufu, hope, rudo ane mumwe vavariro, uye zvinotora rinopisa nokusveta. Frederick Begdeder, uyo akanyora "Rudo upenyu kwemakore matatu", akatanga yokufungidzira Frantsuazy Sagan quote: "Zvakanaka, hungu! Saka chii? Zvinhu zvinofanira kunzi nemazita avo zvakakodzera! Man anoda, uye ipapo - vaisada ".

The epigraphs Rudo aripo ari Classics mabhuku Russian. Sholokhov kuti yokufungidzira "Uye Akanyarara Kunoyerera mashoko Don" akanyora mashoko Cossack zvavo rwiyo. Rinozivisa zvakaoma sei mugove Kuban Cossacks munguva yehondo, chinouraya zviuru zvevanhu, vachisiya vana nherera nevakadzi - chirikadzi.

Pushkin mu "Dubrovsky" yokufungidzira, akanyora mashoko aya:

"Unogona kutora kutsiva,
Asi kutsiva iri pasi,
Kana chinhu rudo rwenyu -
Kuti zvinyoronyoro chisikwa ... "

"The Tsime Bakhchisarai" kunotanga epigraph, akatorwa kubva mabasa Saadi. It mudetembi Persian anoti: "Vakawanda akashanyira Tsime iri. Asi mumwe haachipo, vamwe - ndaitizira kure kure. "

nganonyorwa Bulgakov kuti "Tenzi uye Margarita" kukurukurirana akatora kubva Goethe kuti "Faust":

"- Saka ndiwe iwe, zvisinei?
- Ndiri chikamu kuti simba,
Izvo nokusingaperi zvido zvakaipa uye anoita zvakanaka. "

pfungwa huru

The epigraphs rudo, chokwadi, muri anowanika papi wevanyori zvikuru. Vashoma yakakwirira pfungwa Paulo Coelho akaratidza nenzira iyi: "Rudo hakusi mumwe, asi matiri, uye isu kuzviita kumutsa." Dostoevsky aidavira kuti rudo - ndiko kuona murume sezvo akamusika Mwari. Lermontov akapikisa kuti rudo hapana miganhu. Oskar Uald aidavira kuti mukadzi anofanira kudiwa, kwete kunzwisisa.

Confucius aisagona kufungidzira upenyu pasina rudo. Leo NdiTolstoy akati kuti rudo - zviri chipo chikuru. "Rinogona, asi tichagara nemi." Bunin akapikisa kuti rudo zvose - mufaro mukuru, kunyange asina kuparadzaniswa. epigraph uku rusina kukwana mberi rudo, anoti kukwanisa kuratidza dzakadzama pfungwa - munhu kwomunhu kudiwa.

Mashoko ose aya akapfupikisa Ndima mudetembi Azerbaijani Nizami:

In Love ibofu.
Asi chido zvinooneka zvisaririra
Kunotungamirira naye apo asingaoni mberi.

kubva kare

Epigraphs kazhinji vakava mufashoni, kuva netsika, kubva kushandiswa. Ivo zvinoshandiswa mabhuku, nziyo, cinema. Kugona kunhonga womumwe pfungwa chigadzirwa idzva ndiko chiratidzo zvaiti nemunyori. The epigraphs rudo kwete chete kuzozivisa muverengi kusvikira zuva, asi embody uchenjeri upenyu. Kugona kushandisa navo mabasa ake, ari pasi chete kudunhu tarenda.