Lebanon: chitendero uye zvematongerwo enyika - confessional hurongwa

Chitendero kwagara rwakaita basa rinokosha mubasa polity wenyika masimba. Asi kana West ane kwemakumi emakore chitendero yava kurasikirwa nawo ose pezvakaitwa kuitika maumbirwo munzanga, kuMabvazuva hazvibviri kufungidzira kuparadzana pakati pehurumende yakadaro kubva zvechitendero. Zvikurukuru nevamwe panhau iyi, Lebanon. Chitendero munyika ino chokuita zvakasimba zvematongerwe urongwa, uye zvakananga kunokanganisa zvemitemo bazi. Masayendisiti akawanda anonzi Libya "munhu Pacchiwaku", riri yakarukwa kubva akasiyana zvitendero uye nemasangano.

Iyo chitendero weRebhanoni?

Kana musingadi yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora mashoko uye funga mubvunzo rechitendero tichitarisa akaoma chokwadi, maererano ichangobva data, yevagari paRebhanoni, anenge makumi matanhatu muzana vaMuslim,-matatu navapfumbamwe muzana vaKristu, uye chete zvishoma kupfuura chimwe muzana ari Lebanese vanhu vezvimwe zvitendero.

Kunenge kuti iyi mufananidzo haana kumbosiyana kubva zvatinosiita nengaidzo simba iri kuMiddle East. Asi chitendero yeRebhanoni kwacho zvikuru kunzwisisa uye multi-layered chimiro, ndiko kutaura zvizere.

Rebhanoni, chitendero: nhoroondo pakanyorwa paumbwe multi-confessional mamiriro

Pasinei nokuti chitendero kufamba munyika, yakawanda zvinoshamisa, makumi mapfumbamwe muzana chavagari chinosanganisira maArab. The yasara gumi muzana - mavara makapeti vavaGiriki, vaPezhiya, vokuArmenia, uye vamwe vemarudzi. kusiyana izvi haana chakatadzisa Lebanese uwandu kuti pamwe murugare, kunyanya sezvo vose vane mutauro mumwe chete. Lebanese vakawanda vanotaura French kwazvo uye vakadzidza zvakanaka. Zvose izvi zvinokwanisika kusika rinokosha mamiriro unoremekedza kodzero zvitendero zvose vechitendero.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kubvumirawo zvimwe zvitendero vagara varipo muropa Lebanese. Pakutanga, vagari vakawanda akazivisa pachavo kuvahedheni. Yose Lebanon kare zvakawanda nzvimbo netemberi dzakatsaurirwa kuna ezvitendero akasiyana-siyana. Rakajairika ndiye mwari vakanga vabva Greece. Zvakawanda kukunda Libya uye European vaKristu Muslim havana kukwanisa kushandura tsika dzechinyakare munyika. Pose chitendero chitsva yakanga seari pasi zvekare zvitendero uye zvinobudirira anyatsopinda mutsika yeRebhanoni. Somugumisiro, vomuSouth kuomerera zvachose chero chitendero, izvo zvinonyanya kunoenderana zvaunofarira mumwe kana imwe nharaunda.

Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore rechimakumi maviri chitendero remakore Rebhanoni rakapinda mabhora ose oupenyu paruzhinji uye, mumwe angati, akaumba nevezvematongerwo enyika ari mudziyo, usina analogues pose. enyika Most vanodavira kuti mukurumari kwavo uye negoho muenzaniso enyika munyika chikwereti hwepedyo, izvo zvinogona achimiririrwa symbiosis kuti "Lebanese tsika -. chitendero Lebanon" Inopa interoperability pakati zvitendero zvose uye kuitwa zvemitemo mabasa, kufungisisa zvido Nzanga zvose vechitendero.

zvitendero weRebhanoni

VaMuslim nevaKristu hadzisi chimwe chivako munyika. chitendero ose rakakamurwa dzakawanda mafungiro, anomiririrwa vavo vechitendero, akapesanisa nharaunda.

Somuenzaniso, vaMuslim vanomirirwa kunyanya Sunnis uye Shia. Ivo zvinoumba simba zvikuru, uye pakati vechiMuslim vangazivikanwa Alawite uye Druze. VaKristu Lebanese vanoti chimwe nhungamiro, vanozvidza ari Maronites. Bato iri rechitendero yakabuda mukupera neshanu remakore, vateveri vake vaigara munzvimbo ine makomo, uye nokungwarira wairindwa chitupa chayo kwemazana emakore. Kunyange simba Vatican akatadza kuputsa Maronites, vakaramba tsika dzavo uye tsika. Kuwedzera Maronites vaigara munyika Orthodox, chechi yeRoma nedzimwewo chechi uye Jacobites. Zvikuru vaKristu vashoma pakati vamiririri Armenian Church.

Confessional Tsika hurumende

Sezvataona, hakuna mumwe nyika dzakasiyana yakadaro seRebhanoni. Chitendero, zvakawanda chaizvo, ayo kusiyanasiyana, chakaita nharaunda dzakawanda kutsvaka nzira kutaura uye vabvume. Somugumisiro, muna 1943 Mufundisi reRebhanoni akasaina "National chibvumirano", iro rinotsanangura hurongwa enyika nemamiriro nyika ive confessionalism. Maererano gwaro iri, kureurura neimwe inofanira kuva zvainoita kuitwa mitemo, saka uwandu zvigaro mu Paramende ndekwokuda inodzorwa nomumwe sangano rechitendero.

Vazhinji vanoongorora zvematongerwe enyika vanodavira kuti hurongwa achaita pakupedzisira kuparadza Lebanon. Chitendero, maererano nenyanzvi, havagoni yekudyidzana kukanganisa vavatorwa mudzimba wokuti hurumende. Asi apo kutya uye vezvematongerwo enyika Zvaifungidzirwa anoruramiswa, zvakasimba confessionalism midzi muupenyu zvavo Lebanese.

chitendero yakafurira sei kuparadzira zvigaro mu muparamende Lebanese?

By Mutongo vatungamiriri Nzanga dzechitendero, pambiru vakuru vanhu ehurumende vanofanira kutora nhengo kupfuura vakawanda nemasangano (maererano rokupedzisira vaverengwe). Saka ikozvino paRebhanoni, purezidhendi ari Maronite, sezvo wehurumende uye paramende mutauri kupiwa Sunnis uye Shiites. In Parliament, vaKristu nevaMuslim vanofanira matanhatu nezvina nzvimbo. Zvinofanira nechokwadi wakaenzana nemiitiro zvose, vakasaita zvaunofarira asina kusiya vasina akavatarisa kana tichifunga mitemo mitsva.

Lebanon: pamutemo chitendero

Pashure pezvose makanzwa mubvunzo angamuka pamusoro pamutemo chitendero yeRebhanoni. Chii chaizvoizvo? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu ndiyo unoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa chepfungwa nyika: yeRebhanoni haana chitendero chepamutemo. Paaiva mutemo unotaura kuti hurumende haisi muchikwata ari rokunyika.

Zvakaratidza kuti mune imwe nyika umo chitendero masangano kugara rinokosha nzvimbo akadaro, hapana munhu akazivisa pamutemo chitendero.