Kuvshinov Orlik yayo Constitution

Kuvshinov Orlik (Philip Orlik -. Ukr) Rakabudira pasi munhau somumwe simba zvikuru enyika kumabvazuva Europe. zita rake riri chokuita nechitarisiko yavakatapwa wokutanga enyika - pashure pokukundwa nyika yeSweden pana Poltava muna 1709 vatsigiri Ivan Mazepa dzakatorwa muguta Bendery, iyo vakazivisa "hurumende muutapwa" itsva. Pakafa Mazepa vanotodzoka vakananga Kuvshinov Orlik.

kwakarongwa vitae

The ramangwana enyika aibva mumhuri yakakurumbira Orlikov, yava refu kubatikana zvematongerwe enyika makasimba mamiriro ezvinhu muCzech umambo. Pashure ivo Hussite hondo, rinorema chinotenderera kutyaira kuburikidza Eastern Europe remakore rechi14, mumwe kadheti bazi NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi vakatama vakagara vokuPoland-Lithuanian Commonwealth, uye ipapo - in Grand Duchy pakati Lithuania. In chete. Kandai riri pedo Vilnius, akaberekerwa Kuvshinov Orlik. Date pakati Birth - 11 October 1672 - rinoratidza kumbonyanya dzakaoma yenhoroondo okumabvazuva Europe: yacho Cossacks vakarwira miganhu yacho kunoratidza kurwiswa yacho Poles uye vokuTurkey. A gore pashure pokuberekwa baba mwanakomana wake akafa janissaries bakatwa hondo Khotin. Czech Jinda Baron aiva chitendero Catholic, asi mai waFiripi, Irina, akaberekwa Orthodox. Sezvo zvinowanzoitwa, Philip akatora chitendero amai ndokutanga kudzidzira Orthodoxy. Hazvishamisi kuti nokukurumidza mune chimwe chezvinhu nomukurumbira mumayunivhesiti nguva yezvouMwari vadzidzi pamazita zita idzva - Kuvshinov Orlik. Photo kuti sangano rake uye iye zvino zvinogona kuwanikwa zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana.

youth

Muna Kiev-Mohyla Academy, nekugona muduku Firipi akavhura kwakasimba. Ake nesimba basa, kutsungirira, tarenda uye kukwanisa kuitisa kukurukurirana vakanga aikosheswa zvikuru rinozivikanwa yezvechitendero uye mumiririri Stefan Yavorsky. Mushure chikoro Kuvshinov Orlik ari Kiev uye ndiyo imwe nzvimbo Kyiv Metropolis. Ipapo asangana mwanasikana Paul Gertsyk, konoro pamusoro Poltava, uye muna 698 akaroora wake waaida, kusimbisa nzvimbo yayo pakati Cossack ukuru.

Yokutanga Matanho enyika

Good background, dzidzo yakanaka uye unhu vakabatsira vechiduku Orlik kuita zvikuru basa. Aigona rava waunovimba pamusoro Hetman Ivan Mazepa. Ivan Stepanovich aiva dangwe kwomuchinjikwa Orlik. Munguva pfupi Kuvshinov Orlik akava mumwe kupfuura vakapfuma vanhu Ukraine - iye aiva nepurazi uye musha Poltava uye chernihiv nharaunda. A nzvimbo imwe mutirastii I. S. Mazepy akabvumira F. Orlik kuziva zvose zvisarudzo enhoroondo. Panguva iyoyo refu kukurukurirana shamwari yake uye shamwari chakaita I. S. Mazepu pamusoro pfungwa kushandisa varivo Sweden uye Russian Empire, nechinangwa kubvisa vaviri nokusika yechiUkraine mamiriro.

Hondo Poltava uye basa Ivan Mazepa

Around Ivan Mazepa vakaungana chimwe chikamu Cossack vakuru, avo vasingadi kubvuma ukuru Russian autocrat. Chido kuputsa remakore nemakore chibvumirano yapisa tsika uye vanozvikudza kuvhiringidzwa youmambo Russia munyaya dzomunyika rweUkraine. Zvino Cossacks, vafundisi uye burgesses havana kufara Nezvagara Zviripo uye kuda kuchinja nani. Hazvina mari dzavo pamwe chete uye kuva urongwa paumbwe kuUkraine statehood. Kunotsigirwa Sweden, vatsigiri Mazepa akaedza kumisa yakazvimirira mamiriro, izvo zvinogona kutora nechinzvimbo uye Kuvshinov Orlik. Biography akavimbika mutsigiri sokuti hombe ndinoiitawo kukura Orlyk somunhu Hetman rweUkraine. tarisiro dzakanaka kwechokwadi kukwegura pamusoro Mazepa, uye zvaiva pachena kuti shamwari yechokwadi uye mutsigiri Hetman rweUkraine kuti rusununguko vanofanira nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera iri itsva, yakazvimirira mamiriro.

hetman

History uye dzakatevedzana tsaona havabvumirwi kushandisa chirongwa Mazepa. Pashure pokukundwa iri Hondo Poltava Karl XII uye vatsigiri vake vakaenda vokuMoldova kuguta Bender. Zvaiva imomo kuti pashure pokufa Ivan Stepanovich aiva hetman Kuvshinov Orlik. Hetman rweUkraine rose, uye vakaziva Mambo Sweden, uye Turkish Sultan. The mhemberero rakaitirwa maererano Cossack tsika dzakare, kusiyana kugadzwa Hetman mambo kurudyi-kumahombekombe Ukraine. To kumabvazuva Dnieper Cossack mutungamiriri Ivan Skoropadsky.

kuitwa bumbiro

Asi chikuru chiitiko chaiva kuitwa munyika remitemo kutanga kunyorwa 1710. Kuva wakaunganidza zvose tsika uye dzemunharaunda pamusoro Cossack kodzero, kufungisisa tsika ano political European yakarongeka, Ukraine kushandisa bumbiro, munyori wayo aiva Kuvshinov Orlik. Brief Biography of enyika chero Directory nyika yakasarudzwa sezvo nhoroondo upenyu hwevanhu, ari kuedza kushandisa zviri pamutemo mitemo hweruzhinji.

Kuvshinov Orlik yayo Constitution

The chikuru mutemo munyika kwave akanyorwa rechiLatin uye vakwegura mutauro kuUkraine, yaiva 16 mativi uye Okutanga. Hwakatanga kuzivisa rusununguko, hapana kuramba yokutongwa chero mashoko - kuruboshwe kwavo uye kurutivi rworudyi rweimba Dnieper. Hetman akasikwa kushomeka simba huru puranga, izvo zvaisanganisira vakasanangurwa vevatariri of Cossack regiments. zvingadai zvakaita musangano nevakuru uye colonels. Hetman aifanira kusarudza, kufungisisa kunenge kuti bhodhi rayo. Uyezve, akapa katatu pagore kuunganidza huru Diet. Zvinenge zvinosanganisira nhume kubva Zaporozhye mauto, nhengo vafundisi, vamiririri maguta ose Ukraine.

The Constitution anovimbisa kodzero uye rusununguko zvose vagari mamiriro, pasinei pfuma uye kusarurana. Uyezve, akaronga kuita munyika kuchinja, kuongorora zvose nyika, zvisiri pamutemo vaibatwa kana Kutamiswa kupinda pachake - saka tsitsi nzvimbo varombo. Ukrainian statehood chaiva kupararira rose nenharaunda yose muUkraine, uye miganhu rutsva aifanira kuremekedza dzose pedyo.

Results of bumbiro

Kungoona pakuonekwa zvakadaro gwaro inokosha inoratidza padanho kuvhenekerwa uye statehood Cossack vatungamiriri wezana remakore rechi18. Zvinonyatsorehwa pamwero dzidzo nguva kubvumirwa kuvimba kuti zvakagadzirwa zvose ichanzwiwa uye aifarirwa nevanhu. Asi zvinosuwisa, gwaro iri uye haana zvinofanira kuva wokutanga democratic remitemo yacho chaiyo wehurumende. Kudzokororwa kuedza kushandura nzira zviitiko uye vasingagoni kubudirira. Yokutanga Ukrainian wehurumende yakabuda mazana chete makore maviri gare gare.

Kwoupenyu hwake Kuvshinov Orlik akararama munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope. vana vake akapararira zvose pamusoro Europe, uye dangwe Gregory akakwanisa kuita uwane muFrance uye akava muridzi rakakura nyika pedyo Paris. Zvizvarwa ake makore akawanda gare gare akatengesa nyika hurumende yeFrance, uye munzvimbo ino yakavakwa yendege, zita rokutanga muridzi - "Orly".

The chaizvo chete musiki wokutanga remitemo akacheka upenyu vokuMoldova muguta Iasi. Kusvikira okupedzisira akauya kwaari tsamba kubva zvose pamusoro Europe, akaedza kuramba sezvaaienderana enyika zviitiko. Asi simba tsarist autocracy akawana simba, uye tariro kubvisa chatakagara ari pedyo masimba akava zvishoma uye zvishoma.

Kusvikira zvino, ari munyoro makomo Moldova, Bender ane asingakanganwiki chiratidzo Filippa Orlika. Iyi nzvimbo iri ashanyirwa vashanyi vanobva pasi pose iri kuremekedza yakakurumbira Patriot rweUkraine.