Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa kwemaitiro akawanda

Kurwisa mavharusi uye kutonhora mumishonga, anti-influenza zvinodhaka zvinoderedza basa rinokosha uye kupararira kwezvirwere zvinoshandiswa. Pakusarudza mushonga, zvakakosha kupa zvinodiwa kune uyo kubudirira kwake kunoratidzwa nekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi.

Influenza virus: chii chinonzi ngozi?

Imwe yemabasa makuru eesayenzi yezvokurapa ndeyokugadzirwa kwemishonga yekurwisa utachiona hweHIV. Ichi chirwere chinotapukira mukushayikwa kwechirwere chakakwana uye chakakodzera panguva ino chinogona kukuvadza muviri uye kukanganisa zvinetso. Vaya vari pangozi ndeavo vane simba rekudzivirira immune. Pangozi vana nevakwegura. Munguva yechirwere chacho, meningitis, kuvimba kana maperemoni edema, bronchitis, pneumonia inogona kukura. Kune avo vanotambura nehutachiona husingaperi, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunotanga nzvimbo isina simba, uye chirwere chinowedzera, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu.

Utachiona hunochinja, matambudziko matsva anooneka, uye zvakaoma kuti muviri wemunhu utarame neusingazivi "muvengi." Pandemics ("Spaniard", Asia, Hong Kong, yenguruve yega) inotora hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji, uye naizvozvo mishonga yekurapa furuwenza inoramba ichivandudzika kuti ibudirire kubudirira zvikuru.

Anti-influenza inoreva: nzira yekuita

Mukurapa furuza hazvina kukosha kubvisa zviratidzo zvekuratidzwa kwechirwere, asiwo kubvisa chirwere kubva mumuviri. Anti-fenza madhiragi inotarisirwa kubvisa pathogen, kudzivirira sero kuti isapinda muropa uye inopararira. Kune zvinodhaka zvakakodzera pakurapa fenza, uye iyo inoshandiswa chete pakudzivirira.

Nenzira yekuita, nzira idzi dzinozivikanwa:

• Kudzivisa nzira yekubatanidza (synthesis) yemapuroteni okutanga;
• Kuchengeta kushandiswa kweDNA uye RNA-type nucleic acids;
• Kudzivisa "kereke" yeprotheni uye nucleic acid (kuumbwa kwe virion);
• Wedzera kukwanisa kwemasero kudzivisa mavairasi.

Kurongwa

Zvinodhaka zvinopupurirwa nehutachiona zvakaparadzana kuva mapoka maviri: M2-channel blockers (yakagadzirirwa kurapwa kwefuruwenza A) uye enzyme inhibitors kubva muine envelope-neuraminidase (inokonzera influenza A uye B). Panewo boka re interferon - munhu uye rakagadzirwa.

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere, mishonga yemishonga inorwisa mishonga inotsanangurirwa muzvikamu zvinotevera:

1. Anti-influenza mishonga (Amantadine, Arbidol, Rimantadine, Tamiflu).
2. Antihepetic drugs (Valaciclovir, Gerpevir).
3. Anti-cytomegalovirus (Foscarnet, Ganciclovir).
4. Zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa mu immunodeficiency virus uye hepatitis C ("Phosphonoformate", "Zidovudine").
5. Antiviral (anti-influenza) kugadzirira kwemaitiro akawanda ("Interferon", "Amiksin").

Interferons - madhiragi ane maitiro akawanda

Interferon ipuroteni (protein) kubva pamagariro e cytokines, anogadzirwa nemaune immune system paanenge achitaurirana ne "nyika" dzedenga. Kune mhando mitatu ye interferon: alpha (α), beta (β) uye gamma (γ). Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane zvimwe zvinhu uye anokonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana. Anti-influenza madhiragi ehutano hwakawanda hunobudirira kurwisa kwete chete nehutachiona, asiwo nehutachiona hwehutachiona. Zvinonzwisisika kuti vanhu uye inogadzira interferon inoita chidziviriro chinodzivirira mumugwagwa wezvirwere uye inokonzera masero emusununguko (zvikurukuru macrophages) kushanda.

Zvirongwa zve Interferon zvinogona kuva nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: majekiseni (intravenous and intramuscular), mafuta anoiswa kunze, madonhwe, mahwendefa, suppositories. Interferon yemasikirini inogona kukonzera migumisiro yechirwere nekuda kweproteiniti yeumwe munhu muhutano, saka inonyanyozivikanwa yakagadzirwa nemishonga inorwisa fenza yechizvarwa chitsva. Iwe unogona kuwana mhinduro yakarurama nerubatsiro rwechiremba.

Ndezvipi zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvakakodzera vana?

Mhuka yemwana inowanzosangana nehutachiona nehutachiona, nokuti, kusiyana nevakuru, masimba ake epachiviri haasati ane simba zvakakwana kupa kupa kukodzera kwakakodzera kune michina yepathogenic. Chirwere ichi chinokurumidza kukunda munhu muduku uye anokwanisa kupa zvinetso kune nhengo dzepamusoro yepamusoro. Pakati pemishonga yemazuva ano, kune anti-influenza madhiragi kune vana vanobvumirwa kushandisa kubva pakuberekwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva homeopathic ("Viburkol") nemari kubva kuboka re interferons. Pakati pezvokupedzisira, makenduru anonyanya kuremekedzwa nevabereki : "Viferon", "Anaferon", "Kipferon". Izvi zvinopesana nemishonga inorwisa zvirwere, kuongororwa pamusoro pezvakanyanya kunaka.

Mishonga inogadziriswa yezvakagadzirwa-"Tamiflu", "Arbidol", "Rimantadine" - inoshanda chete kana ichipiwa mumaawa ekutanga ekuratidzwa kwechirwere. Kunyangwe kana mushonga wacho uchipiwa panguva, inogona kunge isingave yakasununguka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwehutachiwana hwehutachiwana: hutachiona hweA A hahukwanisi kurapwa nemishonga yerudzi rweB. Zvakakosha kurega kutenga mishonga yemishonga isati yaongororwa: Panavir, Cycloferon, nezvimwe.

Saka, kusati kwasvika chiremba wevana, zviri nani kuti mwana atange kunwa zvinodhaka izvo zvinobvisa zviratidzo uye antiviral drugs (anti-influenza, anti-herpetic). Inofanira kunge iri nzira chete nehunobudirira hunoonekwa, uye inofanira kupiwa zvakakwana maererano nemirairo.

Anti-influenza madhirai uye pamuviri

Panguva yekuzvitakura , chirwere chemuviri chemukadzi chinokanganisa uye nyore nyore "kupfuura" pathogenic microorganisms. Mishonga yakawanda haigamuchirwi mumatatu ekutanga, kuitira kuti isakakuvadza mwana ari kufambira mberi, asi hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoisa dambudziko kumucheche uye amai vanouya. Kubvumidzwa kurwisana nemishonga yemishonga kune vakadzi vane pamuviri uye munguva yeactation: "Viferon", "Tamiflu", "Ocillococcinum". Pamberi pekutanga kurapwa, zvinomiririra kutarisa gynecologist, uyo ane pamuviri uye anoziva zvinhu zvehupenyu hwemamai anouya.

Kudzivirira ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kurwisa utachiona. Nokudaro, amai vari mberi vanofanira kutarisira hutano hwake nekuvandudza hutachiona hwake. Mune nguva yekubuda kwezvirwere, zvinokosha kukonzera kushanyira munzvimbo dzevanhu uye kusataurirana munhu ane utachiona. Kuti uderedze njodzi yechirwere ichi, unogona kushandisa mari iri pamutemo we interferon, iyo ichasarudza chiremba anoenda.

Kusika kwechizvarwa chitsva chemishonga

Masayendisiti anogara achitsvaka chirwere chitsva chinoponesa upenyu uye zvinodhaka zvinogona kurwisa mutevedzwa weHIV. Zvinosuruvarisa, kwete zvose zvitsva zvitsva zvinorwisa zvirwere zvinodhaka zvinowedzera kutengeswa zvine nguva yekuita tsvakurudzo yekubudirira. Kune ngozi yepamusoro inokonzera zvinokonzerwa nemasero emuviri nemigumisiro.

Zvinodhaka zvekurapa furuwenza uye kutonhora nehutano hwehutano hunogona kushandiswa pasina kutya. Mitsvakurudzo inofadza yemigumisiro yevashandi "Ingavirin", "Derinat", "Tamiflu", "Amiksin", "Kagotsel", "Relenza".

Nzira yekusarudza mishonga inorwisa fenza sei?

Dhizha rakaparadzirwa remishonga haibatsiri munhu wese kubvisa chirwere mune imwe nyaya yemazuva. Chokutanga, kupora kunoenderana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwevanhu, uye kana pane nzvimbo yokuneta, ipapo chiitiko chakanaka chemishonga inodhaka inofanira kumirira kwenguva refu. Zvakakosha zvakare kuti vakakurumidza sei kutora anti-influenza madhiragi. Nyaya yemishonga yakakurudzirwa yakawanda zvakakwana, asi iyo inoshanda chete pamasero ane utachiona uye haitadzisi kukanganisa kwoutachiona kwomuviri wose inonzi inoshanda.

Pharmacy counters izere nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana yemishonga, asi chisarudzo chinofanira kutaurirwa zvakananga, vasati vataurirana nachiremba ari kuenda. Izvo zvakaoma kugadzirisa kugadzirira kwakakodzera pachako uye kuronga hurongwa hwehutano. Zvinotarisirwawo kufunga nezvekupikisa uye zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro iyo iripo muboka re neuraminidase inhibitors.

Viferon: pfupi mashoko

"Viferon" inoreva maitiro e-interferon (α-2b) uye ane vitamini C, E. Iyo nzira yakaoma yezviito zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa mukurapa kwehutano, chirwere, gynecological pathologies uye zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji, "Viferon" inorayirwa seprophylaxis uye kusimbisa kwehutachiona. Nyaya iri muchimiro chemafuta, gel uye suppositories.

Zvichienderana nezera, vanachiremba vanosarudza kukosha kwakakodzera kwechirwere. Kupfuudza iyo miitiro yakarongedzwa inorambidzwa! Chigadzirwa chacho chakachengeteka zvachose kuvakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanokanganisa. Mukurapa kwevana, anti-influenza zvinodhaka zvevana zvinorayirwa, kana pane zvimwe zviratidzo. Makese ane zvishoma zvishoma zvinoshanda (150,000 IU) anoshandiswa zvinobudirira kubata vana. Kuvana vakwegura nevechiri kuyaruka, kuwanda kweViferon kunogona kuva kukuru.

Chirwere ichi chakaedzwa uye hachina kuva nemigumisiro. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinokonzerwa nezvinokonzera zvinokwanisika izvo zvisingabviri kurapwa.

"Ingavirin"

Chizvarwa chitsva chinopesana nemapirisa mishonga chakange chichizadza nekumwe kufanirwa kwevasayendisiti kunonzi "Ingavirin." Izvozvo zvinorwisa uye zvinopesana nokuvhiringidza zvinowedzera kune ffudzi A, B, zvirwere zvekupemesa, parainfluenza. Muchikamu chimwe chechirwere chacho mune 90 mg yezvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa vitaglutam. Kubvisa mafungiro emusana kunokonzera kugadzirwa kwe interferon.

Zvidzidzo zvakarongeka zvakaratidza kudhakwa kwechirwere chechirwere uye chiitiko chakanaka chema anti-influenza therapy ikozvino zuva mushure mokutanga kutora "Ingavirin". Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nechimiro chekumhanyirira kwemvura zvinowanzoitika kazhinji. Pasinei nemigumisiro yakanaka yezviongorori, mushonga wacho haubvumirwi kushandisa vakadzi muhurumende, panguva yekurota uye vana vasati vava nemakore gumi nemana.

"Amiksin"

Synthetic inducer yemarudzi ose e-interferon, mishonga inowanikwa mahwendefa "Amiksin" ("Tiloron") yakazviratidza pachedu kubva pane zvakanaka. Antiviral properties inowedzera kuva kutonhora, hofenza, hepatitis (B, C, A), utachiona hwemhepe uye cytomegalovirus.

Interferon inductor inokurudzirwa kutorwa seprophylaxis munguva yezvirwere. Nzira yekurapa uye kuwedzerwa inoratidzwa nechiremba anoenda. Contraindications ndevamwe kusawirirana kwezvikamu, makore kusvika kumakore manomwe, kuberekwa uye lactation.

"Lipoferon"

Emerging on pharmacy counters, mishonga inopesana nemapirenza inowanzochengetedzwa nevana nezera revanhu vakuru. "Lipoferon" inonzi liposome inobva kune recombinant interferon boka α (alpha), iro rine mavitamini eE neC. Kubudirira kwe interferon mu liposomes ndiko kuchengetedzwa kwebasa rezvinyorwa panguva yekudyiwa mumatumbo emimba. Kubudirira kwaiva maitiro ezvokurapa emishonga, kuratidza kubudirira uye kusavapo kwemigumisiro.

Kufanana nemishonga yakawanda yekurwisa-influenza, "Lipoferon" inosunungurwa nenzira yeupfu ine maitiro akasiyana einterferon. Pediatrics inobvumira kushandiswa kwemari kana mwana ane makore matatu. Munguva yepamuviri, lactation uye nekusavhiringidzika kwezvimwe zvikamu zvezvikamu, zvinorambidzwa kuitora.

Ndinofanira kutora anti-influenza drugs here?

Mafungiro echiremba akaparadzaniswa pamusoro pekudiwa kwekurapa maitiro ekurwisa (anti-influenza) kuvarwere. Pane kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pekubudirira kwavo uye kune vanhu vakawana mari iyi. Immunologists, vanachiremba, uye therapists vanokurudzira kuti varege kutora mishonga uye kutora chete mishonga inopesana nemishonga inorayirwa nachiremba. Nhamba yemishonga yemhando iyi inowanikwa pamusana wekutengesa-pachena-kutengesa ndeyechokwadi, asi chikuru chinosarudzwa ichichiri kupiwa interferon inducers ine zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki nemigumisiro.

Kuti kubudirira kwekushandisa zvinodhaka nekudzivirira, zvakakosha kuchengetedza mararamiro ane hutano uye usakanganwa nezvemaitiro ekugadzirwa kwemishonga yemagariro ekusimbisa hutachiwana muvana nevakuru.