Chirwere "Rotatec": mhizha, murayiridzo, akafanana, maitiro

Utano hwevana ndechimwe chinhu chinonyanya kutarisira vabereki vanoshingaira. Pamwoyo weizvi ndiwo maitiro ekuberekwa, maitiro evanhu mazita. Mukuwedzera kune chikonzero ichi, vabereki vanotungamirirwa nerudo rusingaverengeki kuvana vavo. Kwemazana emakore, vanhu vave vachifunga nezvekudzivirirwa kwechimiro chisina simba kubva kune vane utsinye vanopisidzira mwana kubva kumativi ose. Kutsvakurudza masayendisiti haasati aenda kunoparadza - nyanzvi dzakagadzira zvirwere zvakawanda, somuenzaniso, kurwisana nezvirwere zvinotyisa sehosha, chibhokisi, korira, etc. Nokuda kwezviyero zvakakosha, vanhu vemazuva ano havazivi mhirizhonga inotyisa yakaitika muMiddle Ages. Zvirwere zvezvirwere zvakawanda zvino zvakasikwa, kusanganisira yakafanana neyero rotavirus.

Rotavirus: ingozi ipi?

Rotavirus inonzi microorganism inokonzera zviratidzo kune munhu anorwara akafanana nekupinda mukati. Inonziwo "chirwere chemukati" uye "kurwara kwemaoko asina tsvina". Zita rekupedzisira rinokonzerwa nekuti zvinokwanisika kuti utapukwe nehutachiona hwakadaro pasina kutarisa hutano hwehutano hwakatangira. Zvinosuruvarisa, ichi ndicho chivi chevana - vanova, kutanga uye mberi, chinangwa chekutachiona.

Zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinowedzera nokukurumidza, sekutonga, pamwe chete nefivha yakakura uye dyspeptic disorders - kurutsa uye kurwisa. Ngozi yevatana vaduku ndeyekuti kushaya muviri kwehupenyu hwemwana kunogona kuitika chaiyo munyaya yeawa. Yakaratidza kuti vanhu vakuru vanotakura utachiona nyore uye pasina migumisiro, asi vana vari pasi pekutyisidzira. Kunyanya avo vanoenda kuvenergergens, nzvimbo dzekutamba uye dzimwe nzvimbo neboka guru revanhu. Mukuwedzera, rotavirus inogona kuunza kumunda wevarwere vakuru vanorwara. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti munhu anotanga kuparadzanisa hutachiwana mazuva maviri kusati kwaonekwa kwezviratidzo zvinopenya uye anoramba achiipararira kwemwedzi miviri mushure mekupedzwa kwechirwere. Nokudaro, mikana yekugadzira chirwere ichi kamwechete kamwe muhupenyu inosvika 100%.

Maererano nehuwandu, umwe nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu wevana ari muchipatara kune utachiona hwehutachiona. Nokudaro, chirwere "Rotatek" yemwana chichava chakakodzera uye zvirokwazvo chichadzivirira kubva pane utachiona hunotyisa. Mukuwedzera, inobvumira kukudziridza hutachiona hunogara kwenguva refu uye hunogara kwenguva refu kurwisa microorganism ine utsinye.

Rotatec - kuchengetedzwa kwechokwadi kune rotavirus

Rotavirus chirwere chetachiona hachisi chirwere chenguva imwe chete - ine serotypes yakawanda, saka unogona kurwara zvakare. Kuzvidzivirira izvi, chirwere che Rotatec chichatibatsira, sezvo chiine mazinza ezvinyorwa zvehutachiona.

Ichi chinodhaka chinoshanda pamutemo wekugadzira mumuviri wei vaccided child antibodies kune mashanu makuru serotypes ema rotavirus, zvirwere izvo zvakanyoreswa munyika yose kubvira kuma1900 ekutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura. Inobva pakuona kwekuvandudza maitiro ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira pamuviri nekupinda kwechirwere icho chirwere che Rotatec chinogona kubatsira. Muiti wezvinodhaka ndiUnited States of America, kambani iyi Merck Sharp uye Dome, uye chigadzirwa chacho chakaiswa uye chakaiswa mumunda weNetherlands. Saizvozvowo, hutano hwakanaka hwechirwere haugoni kuve nechokwadi.

Chirwere "Rotatec": tsanangudzo yekugadzirira, kunyorwa, pharmacodynamics

Mushonga wacho wakaratidza kuti wakabudirira uye wakabatanidzwa mukerenda yezvigaro zvekuzvidzivirira munyika dzakawanda. Panharaunda yeRussian Federation, chisarudzo chakadaro chisati chaitwa, saka avo vanoda kutenga chirwere ichi ivo pachavo. Tsanangudzo yezvinodhaka, iyo inowanikwa munyaya yacho, ichave yakakosha kune rimwe boka revabereki. Nenguva iyo zvakakodzera kutaura nezvekuti chigadzirwa ichi hachigadziriswa kujekesa - chete chirongwa chemukati chinopiwa. Mushonga we Rototec une mavara machena, asi tinge yakagadzikana inobvumirwa, iyo haisi kutsauka kubva pachimiro.

Sezvatotaurwa, rine mahlanu serotypes makuru e rotavirus - kubva G-1 kusvika G-4, pamwe chete nemudzimai anonzi P1A. Izvozvi zvipenyu zvakaparadzana zvejenome zvemukoko nehutachiona hwevanhu. Kuvandudza kunakidza nekuona kwezvinodhaka vana zvinowedzera zvakadaro zvinhu zvinobatsira se sucrose. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, iyo yakagadzirwa inosanganisira sodium hydroxide, polysorbate uye zvimwe zvikamu. Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuchengetedza tsika dzehutachiona nenzira yakanakisisa. Mushonga "Rotatec", iyo chinyorwa chinogona kuonekwa munyaya yacho, yakazara mu polyethylene tubes ine muviri we 2 ml (musero mumwe chete). Mimwe midziyo inowanikwa nechekuchengetedza mumwe mufananidzo wepepi.

Sei zvakagadziriswa kukudziridza chinhu chinonzi Rotatec? Chirwere ichi chakasikwa nekuda kwepamusoro pharmacodynamics ye rotavirus panyika. Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoratidza kuti RV inobata anenge 95% yevana vari pasi pezera remakore mashanu, zvichiita kuti gastroenteritis yakaoma iitevere nekupera mvura. Somugumisiro wekuchengetwa kwevakafa, kusvika ku 71% emhosva dzinoiswa pasi. Kunewo zviitiko zvinouraya, sezvo chirwere chinokonzera njodzi huru kune vacheche. Gore negore munyika inenge mamiriyoni 140 vana vanorwara ne "maronda emukaka". Panyaya iyi, nyika dzakawanda dzakasarudza kuzivisa ichi chirwere muchirongwa chekudzivirira chirwere.

Mushonga unorwisana nehutachiona hweR rotavirus "Rotatek" yakasangana nezvitarisirwa - zviitiko zvakanyanyisa kuderera, uye nhamba yematambudziko akakomba akaderera kazhinji. Yakashandiswa zvakanaka kuburikidza nematunhu makumi mana. Pane chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha nekubudirira kwechirwere-chibatanidza chetachiona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuumbwa kwechigadziri kunosanganisira zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvemukati wehutachiona kuitira kuti zviite kuti muviri wakakwana wakakwana wemuviri.

Chirwere "Rotatec": mirayiridzo

Iyo mishonga, yakasikwa nekuda kwekusimudzirwa mumunda we genetic engineering, sekutotaurwa kare, inonyatsoshandiswa kubudirira mukuita. Maererano neshoko racho, mushonga unoshandiswa chete mucheche. Mushonga we Rototec (murayiridzo une rine tsanangudzo yakajeka pamusoro pekushandiswa kwayo) inopinda katatu nekanguva yenguva yemwedzi. Nhamba yekutanga inokurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe pasati yasvika masvondo matanhatu uye mushure memwedzi miviri yemakore yemwana. Kuguma kwehutachiona hakufaniri kunge kwapera pashure pokunge mwana asvika kumwedzi masere. Iko kune maverengi anoverengeka anokosha ekushandisa kwechirwere:

• Kana mwana wacho akabudisa zvinhu zviri mumuromo, iwe haufaniri kupinda zvakare muzvirwere, sezvo pasina chiitiko chakadai chechipatara uye migumisiro inogona kunge isingazivikanwi. Misi yakasara inofanira kunge yakapindira maererano nenguva yenguva.
• Vana vasati vasvika vanobvumirwa kurumbidza chirwere, asi havana kuberekwa vasati vhiki ye25. Taurai mwana mwana mushonga unodiwa pazera remwedzi nehafu.
• Dzidzo dzakaratidza kuti chirwere che Rotatec hachina kukanganisa maitiro emumushure mushure mokufananidza inoculation nemamwe madhiragi (kubva ku diphtheria uye tetanus, pertussis pertussis, poriyo, nezvimwewo).

Chiratidzo chekushandisa ndechekudzivirira kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwema rotavirus yemarudzi mashanu makuru.

Iko kuchengetedza zvinhu zvekugadzirisa zvakakosha zvakanyanya sekusvika kwenguva, sezvo zvigaro zvisina kunaka zvetiba zvinogona kutungamirira kurasikirwa kana kuchinja mune zvinokosha zvemukoko. Iyo inotonhora iyo inofanirwa kuchengetedza mishonga haifaniri kudarika chiratidzo che +8 ° C. Chikumbiridzo chepasi chekushisa chakakura ndeichi + 2⁰ С. Kuvhara chirwere chinorambidzwa zvachose. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo yekuchengetedza kwayo inofanira kunge yakaita rima, uye inonwisa mvura uye haigoneki kuvana. Isa mushonga wacho pakarepo mushure mokunge uzarura uye pakushambidza kwepasina kupfuura 25 ° C. Sekupedzisira kushandiswa, chirwere chakazaruka chinogona kuchengetwa pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwete kwemazuva maviri.

Mitemo yekushandisa zvinodhaka

Ichi chitsauko chine ruzivo rwakananga, iyo, pane kudaro, inotarisirwa kune vashandi vanorapwa. Asi vabereki vanewo kodzero yekuziva iyo nzira yose kuitira kuti vaone kuti yakarurama sei uye kuva nechokwadi chekubudirira kwechirwere ichi. Chinhu chokutanga chaunofanira kuita musati wamboita chirwere ndechokuti uwane chikonzero chekuongororwa nechiremba wevana. Zvinofanirwa kurangariro mupfungwa kuti chiremba anofanira kunyatsocherechedza kuongorora kwevabereki pane zvirwere zvemwana, kuvepo kwehutano hwemagetsi, uye kuongorora huri huri huno hwemudiki. Kana pane kutotanga kupindira, chiremba anozivisa zvaanoita pamhuka yemwana.

Kana mushure mokuongorora kwakanyatsonaka, chiremba wevana anofunga kupora. Pamberi peizvi, chiremba anofanirwa kuchenesa vabereki nezvezvinogona kuitika uye kusagadzikana kusingadiwi, izvo zvisingawanzoitiki, asi zvinosangana nazvo. Maererano nehurongwa hwekudzivirira huwandu hunogamuchirwa, inotanga kunyorwa mumuromo wezvinodhaka inofanira kuitika kana mwana ari mavhiki masere. Nyanzvi yezvokurapa inoshandisa shanduro inotevera:

• Iyo inozarura chivharo, inotora muparidzi uye, ichiigadzika iyo, ichibvisa chikamu chepamusoro che tube, inobvisa zvakasara zvechirwere chiri munzvimbo yakakwirira.
• Inoputsa hutete hwenharaunda, ichiinyorera nehupamhi hweputi iri mukati memakumbo (kupfuurira kusvika pakamira).
• Nhamba yacho inotarisirwa nekuchenjerera uye zvishoma nezvishoma, ichiitungamirira mukati mematama echecheche, kusvikira bhuti rava kuda kupera zvachose.
• Kurasikirwa kwezvigadziriswa zvechirwere uye chigadziko chacho kunoitwa maererano nemirayiridzo yekusagadzirisa tsvina yezvigadzirwa zvehupenyu.

Kune dzimwe humwe humwe pfungwa dzinofanira kujekeswa. Somuenzaniso, chirwere che Rotatec chakapiwa kumwana wemakore mana here? Mhinduro yacho haina maturo - kwete. Pazera remakore makumi matatu nematatu, chirwere ichi hachiiti chinonzwisisika. Mune mamwe mazwi, sevana vane makore mana kana gumi nematanhatu vane makore, uye vakuru, kusanganisira vakwegura, iyi mhinduro haina kupiwa. Asi munyaya yekushaya simba kwechiremba nekusaziva kwevabereki, chiyero chekutanga chechirwere chinogona kuiswa nenzira isina musoro. Kana izvi zvikaitika, ipapo chirwere chinofanira kupedzwa maererano nesarudzo. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti hakuna ngozi yekudzivirira kupera, asi zvidzidzo zvechipatara munharaunda ino hazvina kukwana kupa mishonga panguva yakwegura. Nokudaro, kusvika pamwedzi masere, izvi zvinofanira kuitwa.

Zvakaipa Kuchinja

Kufanana nemishonga ipi neipi, Rotatec, chirwere chinorwisana ne rotavirus, chinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kusingadiwi. Runyora urwu runotevera runoitwa nekufungisisa kuwanda kwekuitika kwavo:

• Chiratidzo chisingadikanwi uye chinotyisa chinokwanisika nekushandiswa kwechirwere ichi chibereko chemuviri. Nenzira yakanaka, iyi mamiriro acho haashoma.
• Yakangofanana chete ndeyenguva.
• Kakawanda kakawanda, asi kazhinji kashoma kune bronchospasm kana kuputika kwepakati chenzeve.

• Dzimwe nguva, matambudziko e nasopharyngitis uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekuputika kwakanyora akanyorwa.
• Nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwehutano mushure mekudzivirira, kunogona kunge kune hyperthermia, chirwere, uye kashoma kurutsa.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kuregererwa zvishoma hakusi chipingamupinyi chekupemha.

Contraindications

Kunyange zvakadaro, ichi chirwere chinobvumiranawo zvachose, pamberi pekunyorwa kwaro mumuromo kunorambidzwa:

• Kutsigira (kuvhiringidzika) kwemukati, yakambotariswa mumamellis omurwere;
• An immunodeficiency virus or a suspected condition;
• Kusagadzikana kwehutachiona hwepamuviri;
• Mamiriro akaoma akaendeswa ne hyperthermia, kurutsa, chirwere;
• Allergic response to one of the components of the vaccine or tolerance of its components.

Kuzvipikisa zvisizvo zvinokwanisika kutakura matambudziko anotevera:

• Malignant neoplasms;
• Zvirwere zvemuviri wepamuviri mumukati wakaoma;
• Akaparadzanisa kufambira mberi kunonoka;
• Kukurumidza kuwedzerwa ropa.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, shandisa chirwere ichi nekuchenjerera zvakanyanya. Uyewo, mushonga wacho haufaniri kushandiswa kare pane apo mwana anosvika pazera remakore matanhatu.

Maonero evanoongorora

Nyanzvi dzinocherechedza kubudirira kwakanyanya kwechirwere "Rotatek" (mushonga). Mhinduro (Komarovsky, nenzira, pamusoro pemafungiro ake akakwirira) inotaura kuti, maererano nekucherechedza kwevana vanachiremba, mishonga iyi inoderedza zvakanyanya kuitika kwevana vachakonzerwa mumapuranga emagariro emwaka. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, vanachiremba vanoti izvi zviyero, kana zvisati zvadzivirirwa zvachose kubva kune avhareji, zvinoderedza ngozi yematambudziko akaoma echirwere ichi. Ndezvipi zvakare zvinoshamisa, maererano nemafungiro evanoongorora, chirwere che "Rotatec"? Komarovsky Evgeny Olegovich - chiremba anozivikanwa navana vana, avo vane mazano avimbwa navo anovimbwa nevabereki vakawanda - vanotenda kuti mushonga unokwanisa kudzivirira kurwisa maitiro erotavirus mu 80% yematambudziko uye pamwe ne 100% inogona kuponesa kubva kune zvinetso uye zvinetso zvehutano zvakakomba. Muzhinji, anobvuma kupindura nezvechirwere ichi uye anokurudzira kushandiswa kwayo, kunze kwekuti, chokwadi, pane zvinopesana.

Vabereki 'mazwi

Vabereki vanofungei nezvemishonga yakadaro seyakashandurwa neRotatek? Ongororo pamusoro payo inouya yakawanda zvakanaka. Vamwe, zvisinei, vanobvuma kana zvakakosha kuita chimwe chirwere, icho chave chakanga chiri chakanaka kwazvo, asi mushure mokunge vataura nevana vevana nevabereki vakatoshandisa mushonga - vanochinja pfungwa dzavo.

Vaya vakaenda kune zororo kune dzimwe nyika, vanofara zvikuru kuti vakachengetedza vana vavo kubva kune utachiona. Mushure mezvose, mumugwagwa uye mamiriro ezvinhu asina kujairika mwana muduku anonyanya kutarisa zvirwere. Kune mhinduro apo vanaamai vanofema kugomera, kuti vaine nguva yekugombedzera mwana vasati vazvirwara ivo pachavo. Kunzwa kuoma kwezviratidzo zvechirwere ichi (kunyange zvazvo zviri nyore kuendesa vanhu vakuru), vabereki vanofara vanotaura kuti mwana akapora haana kurwara kunyange mumusha wakagadzirirwa. Nokudaro, chirwere che "Rotatec" tsvakurudzo yakatarwa zvakanaka.

Zvechokwadi, pane vasina kugutsikana vashandisi vasingagutsikane nemari yemishonga (zvechokwadi, yakakwirira), sezvo havasi vose vane mukana wekubhadhara chido chimwe chete chemukoko 3200 rubles (matengo anosiyana zvichienderana nenyika). Vamwe vanogunun'una pamusoro pokushaikwa kwechigaro ichi muguta ravo. Asi pamusoro pekubudirira kwechirwere chinonzi chirwere "Rotatec" hapana zvikwangwani. Pane zvakasiyana, huwandu hwevabereki hunokurudzira kuti hushandiswe.

Pane mavara here?

Kune avo vanoda kupa mwana wavo mushonga wakadaro, asi panguva ino hauna uwandu hwemari, zvinokurudzirwa kudzorera mushonga unonzi Rotatec. Mifananidzo haisi zhinji, kana kuti, inowanikwa mune imwe kopi. Mushonga we "Rotaryx" (unodhura mabhiriyoni 700) ane zvinhu zvakafanana. Hapana imwe nzira asiripo.

By chiito kwayo pamusoro muviri uye paumbwe zviri zvachose rakafanana mushonga 'RotaTeq' zvirwere zvenhengo. Inobereka zvinoreva United Kingdom, kunyanya, kambani "GlaxoSmithKline". gadziriro iyi siyanei mu sezvamunoita (yakasiyana adjuvants), asi zvimwe ndiwo anoita chete - zvakafanana nemishonga uye contraindications, nzira chikumbiro, uye nguva (kubva 6 mavhiki). Baya vacheche inogona kusvika mwedzi mitanhatu, asi zano chourongwa kunosanganisira kushandisa mishonga maviri. Uyezve, kana mwana ari zvikuru srygnul pakarepo pashure kwokubatsira ari mushonga, zvinokosha kuzodzosera kupinda dose munzvimbo waiita mhango (kushandisa gadziriro "Rotateq" Kwabviswa). The Chinyorwa rinoti pashure nemakore kushandiswa mushonga rimwe gore asina maturo, nokuti mukana chirwere zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza sezvo paumbwe intestinal microflora.

Itai chisarudzo chokupedzisira pakushandisa yokudzivirira dai chete vabereki. Naizvozvo, vanofanira kuva aiziva zvose zvinobvira mashoko chokuita mushonga uye akanyevera pamusoro zvinogona nemishonga.