Kuban River: tsananguro. Istok, muromo, zvinomera uye mhuka

Ndinoda kukuudzai pamusoro ichi yakanaka dzinongoitika mvura aibuda, sorwizi Kuban. Description, mapikicha uye rondedzero - ndiwo mashoko uchawana munyaya.

Kunaka nharaunda iyi inozivikanwa kure mhiri Russia. Kune vakawanda nyika mafirimu akakurumbira huru vakapfurwa mune nguva veSoviet. Mhosva wakajeka nharaunda, izvo dziri zvose pamwe nemhenderekedzo. Kuva munzvimbo idzi, vanhu vanowana rugare norunyararo vari kupomerwa dzakanaka simba.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

In rwezasi Russia anopetenura nzizi mumwe mukuru dzemvura nyika - rwizi Kuban. Pamepu iwe angazviziva nyore. Nepariri, riri kuchamhembe chikamu Makomo eCaucasus. Sezvo ake chipe Karachay-Cherkessia nharaunda, rwizi runoyerera kuburikidza munharaunda kumatunhu matatu: Stavropol Adygea uye Krasnodar.

The zvachose nzvimbo bheseni norwizi - anenge 58 000 km². Kana rwizi Kuban (tsananguro ona pazasi) kunosvika nemahombekombe Azov, izvozvo anosika kupfuura Delta weRussia. nzvimbo Its kunopfuura zviuru zvina akaenzana mamita.

Kuban anotora kwayakatangira pamapani pamusoro Mount Elbrus. Uyezve, inoyerera pasi nemipata. Asi pashure 870? Km mvura inoyerera muGungwa Azov.

Kuban River Delta tsananguro

Kuban Delta yakafara, kazhinji wetlands. Asi ino ndiyo nevamwe adzo. Chokwadi kuti rwezasi Delta anoenda kwete chete kune Azov, asiwo kune Sea Black. Pane zvakawanda estuaries uye nyanza, zvitsuwa, marshes, Hova vashoma netsanga, tsanga munharaunda yacho Delta. Veko kuziva apo rwizi Kuban, unogona nguva dzose kuwana nemamwe kasvisto uye fauna of zviri zvinoshamisa siyana.

Pane zvino ano Delta chiuru mashoma apfuura, aiva pakukura Azov Gulf. Zvisinei, somugumisiro mvura Azov uye Kuban panzvimbo ino zvishoma nezvishoma kuumbwa pfira. Bay, pacharo, pakaoma, pova kudzika the lagoon. Uye rwizi Kuban (panguva mepu iri pachena zvinoonekwa) yakafukidza kare vakapinda Hova yemvura, iyo yainzi Old Kuban. Ndiye vakatakura mvura muGungwa Black bheseni. Zvisinei, somugumisiro mapopoma (kudzivirira nzvimbo dzakapoteredza kubva mafashamo) kuvharidzirwa Drain. Uye ikozvino dzakawanda mvura anowira chete Gungwa Azov.

Panobva rwizi Kuban: Features

Kuban akatanga ake "upenyu" panzvimbo wekuita pamwe nzizi mbiri gomo - Uchkulan uye Ullukay. The yokupedzisira rinowanzoshandiswa vaiona zvakawedzerwa Kuban. Mazitombo echando, riri pamusoro Elbrus, uchisimbisa meltwater kwavo chokubuda. Panguva iyi, ine simba uye inonetsa. Panobva rwizi Kuban riri panzvimbo kukwira kusvika 1400 metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza chimwe chinhu. Vazhinji vanodavira kuti zvakanga kwaari uye vakaenda ndokuyerera zita. Modern inzwi midzi mumutauro Karachai uye rinoreva "mumwe Inotubuka rukova."

hydronym

Zita harisi chete Kuban rwizi. Kubva kwaari, pane vanenge 300! Other mazita vemunharaunda nzizi - Koban, wrasse, Kobhan nevamwe. In nemabhuku emabasa zita rechiGiriki rekare rakanga akanyorwa ari Hypanis.

Properties mvura iyerere

kunakidza kwazvo Pakuurayiwa Kuban River zoning. A tsanangudzo yacho hunhu Kuyerera zvikuru siyana. Over kureba kwayo rwizi anoonekwa kuti navigable, saka zvakanaka kushandiswa zvinangwa zvokurima. High kuyerera kuwa anopfuura 1000 M runoita kuti kuiganhura vachiita 4 zones: makomo, gomo, Piedmont uye bani. Kusvika pana Krasnodar Krai, pedo neguta Ust-Labinsk, Kuban ari navigable gang. The chikuru yoRwizi, Verbensky Girlie, runoyerera kupinda Gulf Temryuk. Mumwe - Cossack Eric ane kuwana Akhtanizovskaya estuary kweGungwa Azov. Kubva ichi tinogona kugumisa kuti rwizi Kuban runobva kuna Atlantic Ocean bheseni.

In gomo yakakwirira kumatunhu yorwizi wakadzika pasi mawere, kumawere. Ekupedzisira vanomirirwa sandstones, shale, reraimu accumulations. Kunyura kunzvimbo dzakaderera kunosvika, pemahombekombe vakaderera-kunyepa uye pesva. Dzimwe nguva pane zvikomo yakaderera. Rwizi meanders kuramba pedyo Delta, kusikwa "chidhongi" mutsa - old vakadzi.

Inflows

Kuban wenguva runoyerera zvakakwana, uwandu rechibharo (zviduku) yaiva 14 zviuru. Nzizi pakukura dzinoyerera mariri kunonyanya kubva kumahombekombe kuruboshwe.

Remasangano kwavari:

• gomo dunhu. Urup.
• p. Labe - renguva runoyerera zvikuru rechibharo.
• p. White - mvura inoyerera simba kupfuura aibuda, uri ayo nzira dzakawanda nemapopoma.
• p. Pshish uye Psekups - siyana Fast-inoyerera.
• Runonyengera uye FC Afips Afipsky.

Kurudyi kumahombekombe Kuban River pedyo Mara, Kunorwadza, Dzheguta. The zvachose Kureba Kuban wayo rechibharo ndiyo 9500? Km.

Water zvinodyiwa uye mhando yezvokudya

The kuyerera avhareji yegore negore of Kuban mvura yeGungwa Azov - 14 bv. ? km. Uyezve, kuerera anotakura gungwa kweinopfuura 4 Mill. Matani munyu. Meals panguva Kuban yakavhenganiswa - vakawanda, vanenge 65%, kumusoro chando uye mvura, vanenge 20% kunobva mazitombo echando uye 15% - iri pasi.

MuStoke ndiye gogonera. Seasonality maturo. In mwaka yakasiyana yose kuerera zviratidzi angava akasiyana zvikuru mumwe. Uyewo Kuban rudzi "anomaly". Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana panguva zvikamu rwizi mvura inogona kutakura 1.5 nguva kupfuura avhareji ndozvakajairwa.

In kutonhora mwaka, Kuban pachioma, asi chando jira kusagadzikana rwizi. Rambai kubva December kusvika March uye anotanga imwe aizi.

Kuban Dam

Kudeuka dura North Caucasus iri pamusoro Kuban River uye akadanidzira, ukuwo, ari Kuban. Kare, kure nayo, ipapo Tshikskoe, asi rakanga nemafashamo makore mashoma apfuura. Zvino dziva riri chinozikamwa chete sezvo nzvimbo hove.

Kuban kuyerera chinoshandiswawo vaunze magetsi. 4 hydropower chirimwa yakavakwa - Kurshavskaya, Barsuchkovsky, Sengileevskaya uye Zelenchukskaya. Pamwe chete, idzowo vanonzi "kupindana Kuban". Chirongwa chaiva kuvaka Hydroelectric Adygei, asi basa yakamira mumakore achangopfuura.

Biota

Nemiti uye Fauna of rwizi iwayo siyana. Mvura kune vanopfuura zana mhando hove. Izvi knot, kabhu, roach, kabhu, bream, Catfish, bullhead, knot, Rudd uye nevamwe. uye saltwater hove swims pamapani rwizi nzvimbo. Vamwe mhando nevamwe kunzvimbo idzi. Plankton chinomiririrwa mollusks, makonye, crustaceans uye zvimwe zvakawanda.

Pamvura zhinji ichibva waterfowl, zvakadai mhuka Dhadha uye shiri, nekondo, namarudzi ose ekondo, swans, uye shiri duku. Mhuka dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya Rare kurarama Kuban River iri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa mapazi. mumiririri wavo inopenya - Gray Falcon. Munzvimbo zvikazara inogarwa makava, nezvikara katsi, dzomusango, muskrats.

River Delta zvino zvishoma murume vakapedzwa kuti kurima. rinotsanangurawo mukana wokuita kurambana hove. Mune rimwe hoses izvi zvakakwana dzakabudirira upfumi zvakanaka maberekero kuti mullet.

River ushanyi iri rinenge kumboshandisa. Kunze dzemakomo rinowanzoshandiswa akaita mumidziyo alloys kana rifts. Asi hove kwakakurumbira kumativi ose munzvimbo dzinenge zvose munzvimbo.

Kuban River zvinomera vanomirirwa marudzi anotevera: rutsanga sparganium, petsanga, etc. Vari anoparadzirwa kunyanya munzvimbo nemhenderekedzo .. The pemvura kuyerera mune dzimwe nzvimbo iri pakazara maruva, nechepasi unogona kuwana rakasiyana-siyana algae. mumakwenzi Ava yawedzera 40-50 zviuru hectares.