Kazimir Valishevsky uye akanakisisa mabasa ake

mabhuku ake pamusoro siyana nhoroondo varipo munyika munhau vari pakombiyuta masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti munyori uyu yakakodzerwa kodzero kuva pamusoro ndima ine mukurumbira vaongorori akadai Vasily Tatishchev, Nikolai Karamzin uye Vasily Klyuchevskii. Sam Lev NdiTolstoy kamwe aikosha zvinhu, izvo anorondedzera Pole. Gare gare iye kunyora: "Casimir Valishevsky unobtrusive unobatwa anogona zvakajeka kubudisa kukosha."

Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi mune zvaakanyora neapo ruchitedzemuka subjectivity, saka pfungwa nemaonero kumutorwa dzimwe zviitiko zvekare dzimwe nguva vanogona kuwana kuwirirana uye mhinduro iri mweya yevanhu Russian. Saka ndiani, Casimir Valishevsky? Uye nei bhuku rake ari zvakasimba saka riveted kufarira vaverengi kubatanidzwa munhau yenyika? Funga mubvunzo uyu zvizere.

Makore uduku uye kuyaruka

Kazimir Feliksovich Valishevsky ari Pole pakuberekwa. Akaberekwa November 19, 1849 mumusha Gole (Kuyavian-Pomeranian Poland).

For kwokutanga inotungamirwa Casimir yakanyorwa Warsaw jimunasiyamu. Asi pashure pechinguva mukomana akamanikidzwa kuramba dzidzo yavo wechechi yeRoma chikoro, yaiva muFrance. Pataikura, Kazimir Valishevsky akafarirawo mutemo uye akazova kudzidza School muMutemo muParis, kwaakanga paakavapa mwero Chiremba muMutemo. Pashure pokudzidza jaya rakanga vaita vachidzidzisa vakadzidza nemasangano Krakow.

munda venhau

Sezvo makore 80s remakore rechi19 Kazimir Valishevsky vakawanda nguva muFrance. Akanga nokuti vaiita kunyora basa, izvo inosanganisira kukamura uchishandisa nyaya enyika, emitemo uye zvoupfumi nyaya akawanda. Part mabhuku ake, akadai "Poland uye Europe iri 2nd yezana remakore rechi18." Kunyange shanduro kupinda Russian.

Books pamusoro vakakurumbira hunhu kubva kare Russia

Nokukurumidza, chiremba kuti jurisprudence wokuPoland akafarirawo Russian munhoroondo nguva 17-19 emakore.

Akanyora dzakatevedzana mabasa pamusoro madzimambo avo "vakatendeka" akashanda Motherland yedu. Mune imwe nyaya zvakadzama publicist anonyora pamusoro akaoma vatorwa hukama pakati Russia uye Poland, izvo zvave munguva iri Nguva Troubles. Pano, chokwadi, pane yakakurumbira Kazimir Valishevsky, ane mabhuku Zvinodiwa kukuru kwete chete nyika yedu asi kunze. mabasa ake havasi chinopesana ne- chaiko chokwadi kare, publicist "nefoshoro" State Archives kuVienna, London, Berlin, uye, chokwadi, St. Petersburg.

Ngationgororei zviri zvikuru nevanhu mabasa Polish munyori ane anopfuura matatu oupenyu akapedza kudzidza Russian zvenhoroondo nesayenzi.

"Mumwe Roman Empress. Ekaterina Velikaya "

basa iri dzakaitika Polish akabuda muna 1892. Nechekare zita rinoratidza zviri pachena kuti chinhu yokudzidza akasarudza Casimir Valishevsky. "Empress Roman" - iri Chokwadi, mugumo akatevedzana, pasinei nokuti kubva nemaonero mubhuku renhoroondo iri kutanga kunyorwa. Ko munyori vakaedza kurondedzera zvizere zvose Amorous adventures pamusoro Catherine II?

Ngazvisadaro, basa harisi pamusoro paizvozvo. Its pfungwa huru - kusimbisa zvakadini kuzvitsaurira uye dunhu wokuGermany Russia kudanana, uye sezvo akakwira choumambo, zvaaita ayo zvakanakira kubudirira kwayo uye zvakanaka. Asi nganonyorwa ine yemunyori nemaonero pamusoro kuzivikanwa Empress, izvo zvinoratidzwa kune muverengi uye Kazimir Valishevsky. Ekaterina Velikaya mumeso ake - zviri simbe, dzimwe nguva vakapararira uye vakadzidza havaratidzi munhu. Asi ichi kuzviitira nzvimbo Pole.

"Petr Veliky"

basa iri akazviratidza muna 1897. kugutsikana chii wakadyara Valishevsky Casimir? "Petr Veliky" - imwe itsva umo munyori haringandivanzi kuyemurwa kwake, kana kwete, ipapo kundosangana mabasa Russian mambo wokutanga. Anopa iye dungwerungwe tsamwisa adjectives: vakashinga, unhu, kushivirira, runopenga ... Casimir F. rinosimbisa kuti mambo ane simba uye hwepedyo nevanhu vake. Chevaux Peter hanya zvakasimba uye anodzivirira nayo. Munyori inoyemura kuchinja Emperor mune zvehondo, uye pachena anozivisa kuti iye akakwanisa kusika kupfuura simba uye yemhando hondo kubvira ateteguru Russia.

Zvisinei, wenhoroondo wePolish, zvakare kuratidza subjectivism, criticizes mhosva yamambo romugungwa. Maererano naye, zvikepe - hazvina basa, uye zvinodhura chaizvo uye Naizvozvo zvisingakoshi mari nokuda Treasury ...

"Ivan Grozny"

Basa iri vakabva chinyoreso ari munyori muna 1904. Inorondedzera Casimir Valishevsky? "Ivan Grozny" - bhuku ayo kugutsikana rakasiyana maonero ari oprichnina ichikosha, aumba kubva omunharaunda dzakaitika. Chokwadi chokuti tava rakagara richidudzirwa kushandiswa kuongorora mambo waro dzomukati nyaya iri rehurumende, uye chete ipapo kuteerera chatingatevedzera vatorwa wokuti mutongi. Casimir F. akachinja zvaaikoshesa uye akapa rondedzero Ivan IV tichitarisa anokwanisa kuvaka nedzenyu ukama in "wokumwe". Izvi, kunyanya, anouya Lithuania uye yake yaakaberekerwa kwePoland. Chokwadi, nokuti Waliszewski womukati mutemo nyaya, asi zviri yechipiri. Kuenderana nezvinzvimbo venhau dzakaitika Russian kunoratidzwa muna characterization pamusoro unhu Ivana Groznogo, waiva mudzimba sayenzi zvakasimba midzi mamiriro mudzvinyiriri, mhondi uye akaipa.

Casimir F. ari kufungidzira zvakawanda munyoro uye inobata remadunhu- Grozny se "Kukudzwa" uye "anoremekedzwa". Uyezve, munyori rinorumbidza zvokuchinja rakatanga mambo.

"Nguva Troubles"

basa iri rakaitwa kuwanikwa kuverenga 1911. Ndaida kutaura yokufungidzira ichi Kazimir Valishevsky. "Nguva Troubles" - bhuku iri mhando kuenderera guru-pamwero basa wenhau Polish, rakanzi "The Origin of Modern Russia". Mapeji "Nguva Troubles" wokutanga vakazvipira kune tinyatsonzwisisa mumwe wevana Ivana Groznogo - Fedora Ioanovicha, uyo akakurira pave kutyisa uye kutya. Zvakanaka munyori yacho mishumo zviitiko mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi17, apo enyika map Eastern Europe aiva chairo kuti mabhora ose simba. Nepo Poland rava simba mamiriro nehondo simba. Asi muna Russia akauya haana nguva dzakanakisisa. "Unotyisa," mambo akafa, simba munyika ndokupfuura mwanakomana Ivan IV, izvo chokwadi zvakazoonekwa kuti ave mutongi simba. Oprichnina uye wokuLivonia War vaiva zvinokosha Zvisaririra ari socio-zvoupfumi. Paiva achikura Kusagutsikana zvavo.

Casimir F. rinotsanangura nemashoko akadzama zvematongerwo mamiriro ezvinhu kukura Russia nePoland. Akataura nezve yokuti Smoot akasiyana zvachose nezvainoita remangwana upenyu vokuRussia uye Poles. Valishevsky kushandisa "simba mabhuku nevakwegura, unhu", inopenya uye mavara kuratidza kunzwisisa uye yakaoma yenhoroondo yenyika, iyo kwakaitika pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi17.

Kunyatsoongorora kwayo basa

The wokudhinda muRussia, Chokwadi, kwete kumanikidzwa kuzomirira nguva yakareba kuti inofambiswa pamusoro mabasa wenhoroondo wePolish uye publicist, uyo chokupedzisira yokufungidzira ake, rakabudiswa muna Paris muna 1925, yakatsaurirwa kuna Emperor Alexander I.

Uyezve, wongororo basa rake ave zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Uye Casimir F. akanyatsotevera ari vanofungidzira waakapa vaverengi mabhuku ake. Anonyora kuti: "Pasinei nokuti vakawanda maonero kuti basa rangu condescendingly, ndichiri kukwanisa kuona kuti nhoroondo yangu zvimwe zvenhoroondo nguva Russia kwakamutsa vamwe gakava iri muvanhu. Uye chokwadi kuti vamwe vanhu vachindipomera klevetnichestve kare, havana zvisanditsamwisa. "

wenhau Polish uye wenhoroondo, akafira Paris muna 1935.

Chinyorwa mabhuku Waliszewski muRussia akatanga muna 1905 uye akaramba kusvikira World War First. Yakanga chete mukupera 80-ies remakore yokupedzisira resurfaced muverengi kufarira mabasa ake.